1. Cognitive and cardiac outcomes 5 years after off-pump vs on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery
- Author
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Diederik van Dijk, Monique Spoor, Ron Hijman, Hendrik M. Nathoe, Cornelius Borst, Erik W. L. Jansen, Diederick E. Grobbee, Peter P. T. de Jaegere, Cor J. Kalkman, for the Octopus Study Group, Erasmus MC other, Epidemiology, and Cardiology
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump ,Neuropsychological Tests ,law.invention ,Coronary artery bypass surgery ,Cognition ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Humans ,Myocardial infarction ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Cognitive decline ,Stroke ,Aged ,Off-pump coronary artery bypass ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Neuropsychological test ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Quality of Life ,Cardiology ,Female ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
ContextConventional coronary artery bypass graft surgery with use of cardiopulmonary bypass (on-pump CABG) is associated with excellent long-term cardiac outcomes but also with a high incidence of cognitive decline. The effect of avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass (off-pump CABG) on long-term cognitive and cardiac outcomes is unknown.ObjectiveTo compare the effect of off-pump CABG and on-pump CABG surgery on long-term cognitive and cardiac outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe Octopus Study, a multicenter randomized controlled trial conducted in the Netherlands, which enrolled 281 low-risk CABG patients between 1998 and 2000. Five years after their surgery, surviving patients were invited for a follow-up assessment.InterventionPatients were randomly assigned to receive either off-pump (n = 142) or on-pump (n = 139) CABG surgery.Main Outcome MeasureThe primary measure was cognitive status 5 years after surgery, which was determined by a psychologist blinded to treatment allocation who administered 10 standardized validated neuropsychological tests. Secondary measures were occurrence of cardiovascular events (all-cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction, and coronary reintervention), anginal status, and quality of life.ResultsAfter 5 years, 130 patients were alive in each group. Cognitive outcomes could be determined in 123 and 117 patients in the off-pump and on-pump groups, respectively. When using a standard definition of cognitive decline (20% decline in performance in 20% of the neuropsychological test variables), 62 (50.4%) of 123 in the off-pump group and 59 (50.4%) of 117 in the on-pump group had cognitive decline (absolute difference, 0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −12.7% to 12.6%; P>.99). When a more conservative definition of cognitive decline was used, 41 (33.3%) in the off-pump group and 41 (35.0%) in the on-pump group had cognitive decline (absolute difference, −1.7%; 95% CI, −13.7% to 10.3%; P = .79). Thirty off-pump patients (21.1%) and 25 on-pump patients (18.0%) experienced a cardiovascular event (absolute difference, 3.1%; 95% CI, −6.1% to 12.4%; P = .55). No differences were observed in anginal status or quality of life.ConclusionIn low-risk patients undergoing CABG surgery, avoiding the use of cardiopulmonary bypass had no effect on 5-year cognitive or cardiac outcomes.Trial Registrationisrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN69438133
- Published
- 2007