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Your search keyword '"Mowery, Paul D."' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Mowery, Paul D." Publisher american medical association
3 results on '"Mowery, Paul D."'

1. Predictors of change on the smoking uptake continuum among adolescents. (Article)

Author

Kaufman, Nancy J., Castrucci, Brian C., Mowery, Paul D., Gerlach, Karen K., Emont, Seth, and Orleans, C. Tracy

Subjects
Teenagers, Tobacco habit -- Risk factors, Health
Abstract

Context: Understanding how advertising and other risk and demographic factors affect adolescent susceptibility to smoking would allow for the development of more effective youth-targeted tobacco prevention and cessation programs and policies. Objective: To examine the effect of various demographic and risk factors on different stages of smoking among adolescents. Design: A nationally representative cross-sectional survey, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Survey of Tobacco Price Sensitivity, Behavior, and Attitudes Among Teenagers and Young Adults. Subjects: The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Survey of Tobacco Price Sensitivity, Behavior, and Attitudes Among Teenagers and Young Adults included 17287 adolescent respondents (aged, 13-19 years) in 1996. Main Outcome Measures: Stage of susceptibility and correlates of progression toward regular smoking. Results: Of all nonsmoking adolescents, 32% were susceptible smokers (have never smoked, but might) with younger adolescents almost 3 times more likely than older adolescents to be susceptible. Female subjects were 54% more likely than male subjects to be susceptible. In addition to exposure to others' smoking, owning or willingness to own tobacco promotional items, having a favorite cigarette advertisement, skipping school, poor school performance, and lack of attendance in religious activities were associated with progression along the uptake continuum. Conclusions: Improved understanding of the tobacco use trajectories of adolescents and the risk factors associated with progression will help clinicians and tobacco control advocates create effective youth-targeted interventions and policies. Findings suggest that physicians and other health care providers should redouble their efforts to ask preadolescents and young adults about smoking or the likelihood of their smoking. Nonsmokers should also be advised about the addictive nature of tobacco products and the resulting loss of control that accompanies addiction.

Published
2002

2. Trends in cigarette smoking among US physicians and nurses

Author

Nelson, David E., Giovino, Gary A., Emont, Seth L., Brackbill, Robert, Cameron, Lorraine L., Peddicord, John, and Mowery, Paul D.

Subjects
Physicians, Nurses, Practical nurses
Abstract

The rate of cigarette smoking among health care professionals has declined since 1974, with physicians showing a greater tendency not to smoke than registered nurses or licensed practical nurses. Survey figures from 1990 and 1991 compared with those from 1974, 1976 and 1977 found that the prevalence of cigarette smoking among physicians had declined from 18.8% to 3.3%, with an annual average decline of 1.15%. The prevalence among registered nurses had dropped from 31.7% to 18.3%, with an annual average decline of 0.88%. Cigarette use among practical nurses dropped from 37.1% to 27.2%, with an annual average decline of 0.62%. Cigarette smoking among health care professionals should be strongly discouraged because of their importance as role models., Objective.--To determine trends in cigarette smoking prevalence among physicians, registered nurses, and licensed practical nurses since 1974. Design.--Analyses of data on smoking prevalence among persons 20 years of age and older using combined National Health Interview Survey data sets from 1974,1976, and 1977; 1978,1979, and 1980; 1983 and 1985; 1987 and 1988; and 1990 and 1991. Main Outcome Measures.--Prevalence of cigarette smoking and average annual change in smoking prevalence. Results.--Based on the data for 1990 and 1991, there were an estimated 18000 physicians, 322 000 registered nurses, and 128 000 licensed practical nurses who smoked cigarettes in the United States. Compared with 1974,1976, and 1977, by 1990 and 1991 cigarette smoking prevalence had declined from 18.8% to 3.3% among physicians (average annual decline of 1.15 percentage points); from 31.7% to 18.3% among registered nurses (average annual decline of 0.88 percentage point); and from 37.1% to 27.2% among licensed practical nurses (average annual decline of 0.62 percentage point). Conclusion.--Since 1974, cigarette smoking has declined most rapidly among physicians, at an intermediate rate among registered nurses, and at a lower rate among licensed practical nurses. Because of their important roles as exemplars and health educators, persons in these occupations should not smoke. JAMA 1994;271:1273-1275)

Published
1994

3. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Serum Cotinine Levels of Cigarette Smokers

Author

Caraballo, Ralph S. PhD, Giovino, Gary A. PhD, Pechacek, Terry F., Mowery, Paul D. MS, Richter, Patricia A. PhD, Strauss, Warren J., Sharp, Donald J. MD, and Eriksen, Michael P. ScD

Subjects
Smoking -- Physiological aspects, Ethnic groups, Cotinine -- Measurement
Abstract

Black smokers appear to have higher blood levels of cotinine than other races. Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine and can be used as a marker of exposure to tobacco smoke. Researchers measured blood cotinine levels in 7,182 people participating in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1991. Over 2,000 had smoked at least 1 cigarette in the last 5 days. Blood cotinine levels were substantially higher in black smokers than in white or Mexican American smokers regardless of the number of cigarettes smoked.

Published
1998

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