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We report calculations of total (and absolute) electron-impact ionization cross sections (EICSs) for the fusion-relevant diatomic molecular species BeH, BeN, BeO, WH, WBe, WN, WO, O2, and N2 by means of the Deutsch-Märk and the binary-encounter-Bethe methods in the energy range from threshold to 10 keV. In addition, we discuss an empirical scheme to estimate partial cross sections from the total ones based on reaction energetics and empirical threshold laws and explore its accuracy by assessing available experimental data on total and partial EICSs. Finally, we also report parameters obtained by fitting the calculated cross sections to an expression commonly used in fusion edge plasma modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a crossed electron/molecule beam technique the dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to gas phase L-valine, (CH3)2CHCH(NH2)COOH, is studied by means of mass spectrometric detection of the product anions. Additionally, ab initio calculations of the structures and energies of the anions and neutral fragments have been carried out at G2MP2 and B3LYP levels. Valine and the previously studied aliphatic amino acids glycine and alanine exhibit several common features due to the fact that at low electron energies the formation of the precursor ion can be characterized by occupation of the π* orbital of the carboxyl group. The dominant negative ion (M–H)- (m/Z=116) is observed at electron energies of 1.12 eV. This ion is the dominant reaction product at electron energies below 5 eV. Additional fragment ions with m/Z=100, 72, 56, 45, 26, and 17 are observed both through the low lying π* and through higher lying resonances at about 5.5 and 8.0–9.0 eV, which are characterized as core excited resonances. According to the threshold energies calculated here, rearrangements play a significant role in the formation of DEA fragments observed from valine at subexcitation energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]