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It is shown that based on the concept of a toroidal self-gravitating ring vortex with a swirl (with an orbital motion along the torus generatrix), it is possible to explain all the main morphological features of the famous Hoag ring galaxy, including the still unexplained rotation of the central elliptical galaxy. The astronomical observations can be used, thus, to study complex vortex motions [The article based on the authors' reports Bannikova et al., XIII International Conference to 100 years of Illia Mikhailovich Lifshitz, Kharkiv, KhNU (2017) and Kontorovich et al., XIV International Science Conference "Physical phenomena in solids", Kharkiv, KhNU (2019) at the Conferences on condensed matter physics at Kharkiv National University, the first of which was dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the birth of Ilya Mikhailovich Lifshitz, a teacher and friend of Mark Azbel.]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trying to discuss the "invention" with a professional physicist, he finally went to I. M. Lifshitz, who immediately explained to him why this method will not work.[1] In 1948 Mark completed his high school studies and together with his three classmates Yu. 12 May 2022 is the 90th birthday of an outstanding theoretical physicist and remarkable person Mark Yakovlevich Azbel (05/12/1932, Poltava, Ukraine-03/31/2020, Tel Aviv, Israel). In 1964 the Rector of Moscow University I. Petrovsky invited Mark to join the University as a full professor and Mark accepted this invitation. Later on Mark described this period of his life in the book "Refusenik" (1981).[5] In the foreword to the book, Freeman Dyson wrote,[3] "Mark Azbel is one of the genuine heroes of our time, worthy to stand on the stage of history with Andrei Sakharov and Alexander Solzhenitsyn. [Extracted from the article]

Periodic structures on polar caps, arising due to instability of the pulsar surface in a strong magnetic field, can be responsible both for the appearance of additional components in pulsar radiation and the formation of sickle shaped hot spots arising as a possible result of Mandelstam–Raman scattering of the reflected radiation by returned positrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of L. D. Landau is used to conduct a hydrodynamic and thermodynamic examination of a number of issues related to the phase transition of He II to He I in the presence of macroscopic motion. In particular, it is shown that the transition in rotating helium is a first-order transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smoluchowski equation and its generalizations, describing the merger of the particles, allow us to understand the main stages of the formation of galaxy mass functions, established as a result of mergers, and their evolution and thus provides an explanation for the results of long-term observations with the Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based telescopes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are no explanations for the high-frequency component of the emission from the pulsar in the Crab nebula, but it may be a manifestation of instability in nonlinear reflection from the star's surface. Radiation from relativistic positrons flying from the magnetosphere to the star and accelerated by the electric field of the polar gap is reflected. The instability involves stimulated scattering on surface waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focuses on the Hamiltonian description of the motion of arbitrary discontinuity surfaces on the basis of the variational principle. Method of introduction of Hamiltonian variables to generalize the known canonical variables for the interface between cases of shock waves and slip surfaces; Direct generalization to the case of magnetohydrodynamics and other media.