1. Probing the hotspot interaction length in NbN nanowire superconducting single photon detectors
- Author
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J. J. Renema, R. Gaudio, Q. Wang, A. Gaggero, F. Mattioli, R. Leoni, M. P. van Exter, A. Fiore, M. J. A. de Dood, Photonics and Semiconductor Nanophysics, and Semiconductor Nanophotonics
- Subjects
Photon ,Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous) ,Photon detector ,Nanowire ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Physics::Optics ,02 engineering and technology ,01 natural sciences ,Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con) ,Condensed Matter::Superconductivity ,0103 physical sciences ,Hotspot (geology) ,010306 general physics ,Physics ,Superconductivity ,Quantum Physics ,Condensed matter physics ,business.industry ,Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Quasiparticle ,Optoelectronics ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Optics (physics.optics) ,Physics - Optics - Abstract
We measure the maximal distance at which two absorbed photons can jointly trigger a detection event in NbN nanowire superconducting single photon detector microbridges by comparing the one-photon and two-photon efficiencies of bridges of different overall lengths, from 0 to 400 nm. We find a length of 23 ± 2 nm. This value is in good agreement with the size of the quasiparticle cloud at the time of the detection event.Nanowire superconducting single photon detectors (SSPDs)1 are a crucial technology for a variety of applications.2 These devices consist of a thin superconducting film which detects photons when biased to a significant fraction of its critical current. Although details of the microscopic mechanism are still in dispute,3 the present understanding of this process in Niobium Nitride (NbN) SSPDs is as follows:4–13 after the absorption of a photon, a cloud of quasiparticles is created, which is known as a hotspot. This cloud diffuses, spreading out over some area of the wire. This causes the redistribution of bias current, which unbinds a vortex from the edge of the wire, if the applied bias current is such that the current for vortex entry is exceeded. The transition of a vortex across the wire creates a normal-state region, which grows under the influence of Joule heating from the bias current, leading to a voltage pulse and a detection event.14
- Published
- 2017