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There is no precise theory describing the structure of neutron stars. However, inside such objects the baryon density is very high and a pion condensation may occur. These condensates, if they exist, might give a significant effect on a spectrum of neutron stars. We investigate this influence with a help of simplified model to give qualitative picture of the effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this talk we will summarize the main results from our recent work concerning the possibility that a new metastable phase occurs in some heavy ion collisions (HIC). This phase would be characterized by the breaking of two characteristic symmetries of strong interactions; namely P and CP. We investigate the experimental consequences of parity breaking in such a situation and propose suitable observables to elucidate the presence this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no precise theory describing the structure of neutron stars. However, inside such objects the baryon density is very high and a pion condensation may occur. These condensates, if they exist, might give a significant effect on a spectrum of neutron stars. We investigate this influence with a help of simplified model to give qualitative picture of the effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this talk we will summarize the main results from our recent work concerning the possibility that a new metastable phase occurs in some heavy ion collisions (HIC). This phase would be characterized by the breaking of two characteristic symmetries of strong interactions; namely P and CP. We investigate the experimental consequences of parity breaking in such a situation and propose suitable observables to elucidate the presence this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spectra of masses and decay constants for non-strange scalar mesons in the energy range 0–2.5 GeV is analyzed. It is known from meson phenomenology that for given quantum numbers these spectra approximately follow linear trajectories with a universal slope. These facts can be understood in terms of an effective string description for QCD. For light meson states the trajectories deviate noticeably from the linear behavior. We investigate the possible corrections to the linear trajectories by matching two-point correlators of quark currents to the Operator Product Expansion (OPE). We find that the allowed modifications to the linear Regge behavior must decrease rapidly with the principal quantum number. After fitting the lightest states in each channel and certain low-energy constants the whole spectrum for scalar meson masses and residues is obtained in a satisfactory agreement with phenomenology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assume that QCD can be described in a certain kinematical regime by an effective string theory. This hadronic string must couple to background chiral fields in a chirally invariant manner, taking into account the true chirally non-invariant QCD vacuum. By requiring conformal symmetry of the string and the unitarity constraint on chiral fields we reconstruct the equations of motion for the latter ones. These provide a consistent background for the propagation of the string. By further requiring locality of the effective action we recover the Lagrangian of non-linear sigma model of pion interactions. The prediction is totally unambiguous and parameter-free. The estimated chiral structural constants of Gasser and Leutwyler fit very well the phenomenological values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At finite density parity can be spontaneously broken in strong interactions with far reaching implications. In particular, a time-dependent pseudoscalar background would modify QED by adding a Chern-Simons term to the lagrangian. As a striking consequence we propose a novel explanation for the dilepton excess observed in heavy ion collisions at low invariant masses. The presence of local parity breaking due to a time-dependent pseudoscalar condensate substantially modifies the dispersion relation of photons and vector mesons propagating in such a medium, changing the ρ spectral function and resulting in a potentially large excess of dileptons with respect to the predictions based in a 'cocktail' of known processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The QCD hadronic string is supplemented with the boundary interaction to background chiral fields associated with pions in a way compatible with the conformal symmetry. The modification of boundary interaction necessary to induce the parity-odd Chiral Dynamics (WZW action) is discussed. © 2005 American Institute of Physics [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]