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The density of state of material is depending on the size of materials. The electronic properties of the material can be tailored by proper selection of synthesis process. Further, microstructure of anode materials for solar cell like ZnO, Al2O3, TiO2 etc., plays crucial role in the effective absorption of sun light. In the present work, TiO2 based powder with anatase phase has been synthesized by hydrothermal method with NaOH in a vacuum oven at 150 °C and annealed at 500 °C for 4 hours. The X-ray diffraction data reveals that synthesized TiO2 powder exhibit tetragonal crystalline structure with space group I41/amd (#141). The transmission electron microscopy shows the formation of TiO2 nano rods with almost uniform thickness in range 7-10 nm. This fact is also confirmed with similar formation of rods in scanning electron microscopy. The better absorption is observed in the sample as revealed by UV-Visible spectroscopy and the band gap is obtained from Tauc's relation is ~ 3.25 eV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thin films of thermochromic VO2 were stabilized on Si substrate at different deposition parameters by sputtering method and their structural characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction technique. Sputtering in Ar/O2 gas mixture has resulted in mixed phase growth of VO2. On the other hand, sputtering with Aronly has resulted in single phase growth of VO2thin films. Monoclinic to rutile structural phase transition was studied in the grown VO2 thin film samples by performing the temperature dependent grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]