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The article considers the electrochemical aspects of the adhesion of Micrococcus luteus 1-I on platinum, glassy carbon and carbon-paste electrodes with different surface properties. With the help of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, equivalent circuits havebeen compiled that characterize the capacitive characteristics of the phase interfaces. A direct relationship between the capacitanceof the electric double layer and the specific surface area of the electrodes is shown. It has been shown that, on the whole, the capacitance of the electrical double layer Cdl decreases in the presence of M. luteus 1-I. Based on the data obtained, an assumption was made about the effect of cell sorption on the electrode surface area S and the thickness of the electrical double layer. The results agree well with theoretical data and are statistically significant. All of these factors may indicate the adhesion of M. luteus 1-I on the selected electrodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon electrodes have been fabricated with the cross-linking methods at 120oC, using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a binder and citric acid (CA) as a crosslinking agent. The carbon electrodes have been analyzed with Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and the bound between PVA and citric acid of these electrodes have been analyzed as well. The surface and structural properties, as well as the electrochemical behaviors of the prepared electrode, were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The specific capacitance of the carbon electrode and the desalination efficiency of the capacitive deionization (CDI) cell were achieved 15.7 F/g and 49.15%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon electrodes for desalination purpose have been successfully synthesized using activated carbon powder (BET surface area = 700 - 1400 m²/g), carbon black and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) binder by cross-linking method with glutaric acid (GA) at 120 °C. The electrochemical properties of the carbon electrodes were analyzed using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) whilst the physical properties were observed with scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). In order to assess the desalting performance, salt removal experiments were performed by constructing a capacitive deionization unit cell with five pairs of carbon electrodes. For each pair consisted of two parallel carbon electrodes separated by a spacer. Desalination and regeneration processes were also observed in the salt-removal experiments. The salt-removal experiments were carried out in single-pass mode using a solution with 0.1 M NaCl at a flow rate of 10 mL/min. A voltage of 3 V was applied to the cell for 60 minutes for both processes in desalination and regeneration. The result showed that the percentage value of the salt-removal was achieved at 20%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]