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In view of the active development of computer-aided computing technologies with software tools for a wide range of engineering tasks, it becomes urgent to choose reasonable and proven methods of calculation that take into account the specific nature of the structure, and comparisons of results. The article considers the features and results of the calculation of the sheet piled quay wall (anchored bulkhead with one level of land tie), obtained using two commonly used specialised programs (CAD Hydrotechnika and PLAXIS 2D) as well as graphically using the example of the refurbished wharf. The main parameters analysed were maximum bending moments and force in the anchor traction. The analysis of the results showed that there was a significant variation in the values of the main parameters, which indicated that more research was needed to identify the reasons for the discrepancy and, if necessary, to correct the calculation methods and algorithms and to verify them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper summarizes the collaborative work done by CENER, Fraunhofer ISE and CRS4 within the scope of the STAGE-STE project related to heliostat field generation algorithms and their application to small heliostats (<10 m²). Radially staggered heliostat field layouts have been commonly applied to real solar fields with known results. However, their use in conjunction with small heliostats or the use of brand new ways for heliostat allocation, such natural pattern based algorithms, is still unknown. Herein, the most promising heliostat field generation algorithms are studied and compared, in annual optical efficiency terms, for different scenarios. These efficiencies correspond to the best heliostat layouts found by the optimization process that each generation algorithm can create, for three scenarios. Results show that the fields from the selected algorithms lead to similar optical efficiencies. The slight differences are not enough evidence to nominate one of the algorithms as the best choice, taking into account the inherent error of the simulation tools, the optimization process and further requirements needed in commercial applications (e.g. access paths) not coped in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]