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Ion–exchange properties of the fabricated activated carbon black nanoparticles of ACBNPs20_17 code have been properly studied using several various concentrations of 0.001, 0.003, 0.005, 0.007 and 0.009 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions. The study was performed by mean of measuring both hydroxyl anions (OH–) quantity and electrical conductivity of the NaOH solution before and after it flowed down through the ACBNPs20_17 material at 1 drop per second flow rate due to gravitation force for four cycle’s time. The study was aiming to correlate between the properties of anion-exchange and capability of adsorption of the ACBNPs20_17 material compared to that of the pristine carbon black (CB) powder. This research recorded that there was a competition between hydroxyl anion-exchange and hydroxyl anion adsorption. It was clearly known just the concentration of 9 mM NaOH provided hydroxyl anion-exchange on both ACBNPs20_17 material and CB, whereas the lesser concentrations of 1, 3, 5 and 7 mM NaOH provided hydroxyl anion adsorption rather than anion-exchange. In this case, anion-exchange capacity of the ACBNPs20_17 material was higher than that of the pristine CB materials. Ultimately, it can be concluded that adsorption process happened first before anionexchange process, and the later would precede when the concentration of NaOH solution feed higher enough, i.e. about equal or more than 0.009 M. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]