1. REVO: Resampling of Ensembles by Variation Optimization
- Author
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Nazanin Donyapour, Nicole M. Roussey, and Alex Dickson
- Subjects
Quantitative Biology::Biomolecules ,010304 chemical physics ,Computer science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Sampling (statistics) ,Observable ,010402 general chemistry ,Random walk ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,ARTICLES ,Molecular dynamics ,Theoretical Methods and Algorithms ,Resampling ,0103 physical sciences ,Rare events ,Trajectory ,Statistical physics ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Residence time (statistics) ,Energy (signal processing) - Abstract
Conventional molecular dynamics simulations are incapable of sampling many important interactions in biomolecular systems due to their high dimensionality and rough energy landscapes. To observe rare events and calculate transition rates in these systems, enhanced sampling is a necessity. In particular, the study of ligand-protein interactions necessitates a diverse ensemble of protein conformations and transition states, and for many systems, this occurs on prohibitively long time scales. Previous strategies such as WExplore that can be used to determine these types of ensembles are hindered by problems related to the regioning of conformational space. Here, we propose a novel, regionless, enhanced sampling method that is based on the weighted ensemble framework. In this method, a value referred to as "trajectory variation" is optimized after each cycle through cloning and merging operations. This method allows for a more consistent measurement of observables and broader sampling resulting in the efficient exploration of previously unexplored conformations. We demonstrate the performance of this algorithm with the N-dimensional random walk and the unbinding of the trypsin-benzamidine system. The system is analyzed using conformation space networks, the residence time of benzamidine is confirmed, and a new unbinding pathway for the trypsin-benzamidine system is found. We expect that resampling of ensembles by variation optimization will be a useful general tool to broadly explore free energy landscapes.
- Published
- 2019
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