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New tritarget small molecules combining Ca2+ channels blockade, cholinesterase, and H3 receptor inhibition were obtained by multicomponent synthesis. Compound 3p has been identified as a very promising lead, showing good Ca2+ channels blockade activity (IC50 = 21 ± 1 μM), potent affinity against hH3R (Ki = 565 ± 62 nM), a moderate but selective hBuChE inhibition (IC50 = 7.83 ± 0.10 μM), strong antioxidant power (3.6 TE), and ability to restore cognitive impairment induced by lipopolysaccharide.

Molecular docking is a technique widely used in drug design. Many studies exist regarding the general accuracy of various docking programs, but case studies for a given group of related compounds are rare. In order to facilitate identification of novel triazole HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), several docking and scoring programs were evaluated for their ability to predict relative biological activity of 111 known 1,2,4-triazole and 76 other azole type NNRTIs. Glide, FlexX, Molegro Virtual Docker, AutoDock Vina, and Hyde were used. Different protocols, settings, scoring functions, and interaction terms were analyzed. We have found that the programs performance was dependent on the data set, indicating the importance of choosing good quality target data for any comparative study. The results suggest that after optimization and proper validation, some of the molecular docking programs can help in predicting relative biological activity of azole NNRTIs.

In order to interpret the observed isotopic fractionation it is necessaryto understand its relationship with the isotope effect(s) on steps that occur during the conversion of the initial reactant to the final product. We examine this relationship from the biochemical point of view and elaborate on the consequences of the assumptions that it is based on. We illustrate the discrepancies between theoretical and experimental interpretation of kinetic isotope effects on examples of dehalogenation reactions that occur at an aromatic carbon atom. The examples include 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA dehalogenase-catalyzed conversion of 4-chlorobenzoyl-CoA to 4-hydroxybenzoyl-CoA, dehaloperoxidase-catalyzed conversion of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol to 2,6-dichloroquinone, and spontaneous hydrolysis of atrazine at pH 12. For this latter reaction we have measured the chlorine kinetic isotope effect and estimated its value theoretically at the DFT level of theory. Results of chlorine kinetic isotope effects suggest that the studied dechlorination reactions proceed in a single step with significant weakening of the carbon-chlorine bond in the transition state.