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Start Over Descriptor "performance validation" Publisher american chemical society
2 results on '"performance validation"'

1. A Critical Review on Ultraviolet Disinfection Systems against COVID-19 Outbreak: Applicability, Validation, and Safety Considerations

Author

Milad Raeiszadeh and Babak Adeli

Subjects
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Computer science, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 02 engineering and technology, Review, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, UV safety, UV disinfection, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Uv disinfection, Personal protective equipment, Air purification, Sterilization process, SARS-CoV-2, performance validation, COVID-19, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Risk analysis (engineering), transmission prevention, 0210 nano-technology, Disease transmission, Ultraviolet, Biotechnology
Abstract

The global health-threatening crisis from the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), highlights the scientific and engineering potentials of applying ultraviolet (UV) disinfection technologies for biocontaminated air and surfaces as the major media for disease transmission. Nowadays, various environmental public settings worldwide, from hospitals and health care facilities to shopping malls and airports, are considering implementation of UV disinfection devices for disinfection of frequently touched surfaces and circulating air streams. Moreover, the general public utilizes UV sterilization devices for various surfaces, from doorknobs and keypads to personal protective equipment, or air purification devices with an integrated UV disinfection technology. However, limited understanding of critical UV disinfection aspects can lead to improper use of this promising technology. In this work, fundamentals of UV disinfection phenomena are addressed; furthermore, the essential parameters and protocols to guarantee the efficacy of the UV sterilization process in a human-safe manner are systematically elaborated. In addition, the latest updates from the open literature on UV dose requirements for incremental log removal of SARS-CoV-2 are reviewed remarking the advancements and existing knowledge gaps. This study, along with the provided illustrations, will play an essential role in the design and fabrication of effective, reliable, and safe UV disinfection systems applicable to preventing viral contagion in the current COVID-19 pandemic, as well as potential future epidemics.

Published
2020

2. Systematic Evaluation of Two Classical Receptor Models in Source Apportionment of Soil Heavy Metal(loid) Pollution Using Synthetic and Real-World Datasets.

Author

Hu Y, Yang S, Cheng H, and Tao S

Subjects
Soil, Reproducibility of Results, Environmental Monitoring methods, Environmental Pollution analysis, China, Risk Assessment, Metals, Heavy, Soil Pollutants
Abstract

Due to the lack of a priori knowledge on true source makeup and contributions, whether the source apportionment results of Unmix and positive matrix factorization (PMF) are accurate cannot be easily assessed, despite the availability of built-in indicators for their goodness of fit and robustness. This study systematically evaluated, for the first time, the applicability and reliability of these models in source apportionment of soil heavy metal(loid)s with synthetic datasets generated using known source profiles and contributions and a real-world dataset as well. For eight synthetic datasets with different pollution source characteristics, feasible Unmix solutions were close to the true source component compositions ( R 2 > 0.936; total mean squared errors (MSEs) < 0.04), while those of PMF had significant deviations ( R 2 of 0.484-0.998; total MSEs of 0.04-0.16). Nonetheless, both models failed to accurately apportion the sources with collinearity or non-normal distribution. Unmix generally outperformed PMF, and its solutions showed much less dependence on sample size than those of PMF. While the built-in indicators provided little hint on the reliability of both models for the real-world dataset, their sample-size dependence indicated that Unmix probably yielded more accurate solutions. These insights could help avoid the potential misuse of Unmix and PMF in source apportionment of soil heavy metal(loid) pollution.

Published
2022
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