1. Antitumor Activity of Garcinol in Human Prostate Cancer Cells and Xenograft Mice.
- Author
-
Wang Y, Tsai ML, Chiou LY, Ho CT, and Pan MH
- Subjects
- Animals, Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Male, Mice, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases genetics, Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases metabolism, Prostatic Neoplasms genetics, Prostatic Neoplasms metabolism, Prostatic Neoplasms physiopathology, Proteins genetics, Proteins metabolism, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 genetics, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 metabolism, Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays, Antineoplastic Agents administration & dosage, Garcinia chemistry, Prostatic Neoplasms drug therapy, Terpenes administration & dosage
- Abstract
Garcinol, which is isolated from fruit rinds of Garcinia indica, is a polyisoprenylated benzophenone. It has been studied for its antitumor activity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting autophagy in human prostate cancer cells. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased when garcinol was applied to PC-3 cells indicating a presence of apoptosis. Meanwhile, procaspases-9 and -3 were suppressed with attenuating PARP and DFF-45. Autophagy was inhibited through activating p-mTOR and p-PI3 Kinase/AKT by garcinol, which as a result induced the cells to apoptosis directly. In addition, the apoptosis effect of garcinol in a xenograft mouse model was also tested, suggesting a consistent result with PC-3 cell model. The tumor size was reduced more than 80 percent after the mouse accepted the garcinol treatment. Garcinol was demonstrated to have a strong antitumor activity through inhibiting autophagy and inducing apoptosis, which was discovered for the first time. Based on these findings, our data suggests that garcinol deserves further investigation as a potent chemopreventive agent.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF