1. An endogenous caspase-11 ligand elicits interleukin-1 release from living dendritic cells.
- Author
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Zanoni I, Tan Y, Di Gioia M, Broggi A, Ruan J, Shi J, Donado CA, Shao F, Wu H, Springstead JR, and Kagan JC
- Subjects
- Animals, Carrier Proteins genetics, Carrier Proteins metabolism, Caspases genetics, Caspases, Initiator, Cell Death immunology, Dendritic Cells metabolism, Immunity, Innate, Inflammasomes immunology, Mice, Mice, Knockout, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Receptors, Pattern Recognition genetics, Toll-Like Receptor 4 agonists, Toll-Like Receptor 4 metabolism, Adaptive Immunity, Caspases immunology, Dendritic Cells immunology, Interleukin-1beta metabolism, Lipopolysaccharides immunology, Phospholipids metabolism, Receptors, Pattern Recognition immunology
- Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) use pattern recognition receptors to detect microorganisms and activate protective immunity. These cells and receptors are thought to operate in an all-or-nothing manner, existing in an immunologically active or inactive state. Here, we report that encounters with microbial products and self-encoded oxidized phospholipids (oxPAPC) induce an enhanced DC activation state, which we call "hyperactive." Hyperactive DCs induce potent adaptive immune responses and are elicited by caspase-11, an enzyme that binds oxPAPC and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). oxPAPC and LPS bind caspase-11 via distinct domains and elicit different inflammasome-dependent activities. Both lipids induce caspase-11-dependent interleukin-1 release, but only LPS induces pyroptosis. The cells and receptors of the innate immune system can therefore achieve different activation states, which may permit context-dependent responses to infection., (Copyright © 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.)
- Published
- 2016
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