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Urinary tract infection is an important infection in patients with diabetes mellitus. Asymptomatic and symptomatic infections of urinary tract, and also some rarer serious complications of urinary tract infections (papillary necrosis, renal and perirenal abscess, emphysematous and xantogranulomatous pyelonephritis and s.o.). Incidence, outcome and treatment in patients with diabetes, which deserve special clinical attention, are commonly viewed by prism of personal opinion, and should be based on clinical studies, focused on this topic.

We present a case of a 79-years old woman with acute anuric renal failure due to biopsy confirmed immunotactoid glomerulonephritis. Despite biclonal gammopathy IgG lambda, no hematologic or any other underlying malignancy was found. A possible association with viral hepatitis, cryoglobulinemia or autoimmune disease was also excluded. The patient was treated with pulse i.v. dexamethasone with very good results. Diuresis resumed and renal function gradually normalized. Our patient is one of the oldest patients with immunotactoid glomerulonephritis described. The presentation by acute renal failure with an improvement of renal function after therapy has not been previously published.

The author describes some differences in the course of treatment of urinary pathway infections in prolonged reduced renal function. He emphasizes changes from the aspect of the clinical course of urinary infections and changes in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics and principles for selection of therapy are outlined.

In 1990-1992 110 patients with polycystic kidney disease adult type (ADPKD) were contacted. Forty-nine families were examined by Southern's RFLP method (standard probe 3'HVR and Pvu II restrictase). Of 424 members of these families only 25 (5.9%) refused the examination. So far 337 examinations were completed, 62 are under way. In 32 cases of 109 subjects at risk of 50% ADPKD the affection was proved with a probability higher than 95%, in 77 subjects (and 6 subjects with a 25% risk) were eliminated with an equal probability. In two families successful prenatal examinations of the foetus were accomplished. Evaluation of attitudes to DNA diagnostics revealed in our patients a greater willingness to attend postnatal examinations (up to 98%) and a smaller willingness to have prenatal examinations (21%), as compared with data published abroad.