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Arterial hypertension is one of the most frequent comorbidities of patients with type 2 diabetes, the rates are approximately three times higher among diabetics than in general population. The presence of both diseases increases the cardiovascular risk of the patients two to three times. Therefore, it is essential to control the blood pressure values vigorously down to 130/80 mmHg as recommended in guidelines of the Czech Hypertension Society. According to EHES Study data, the blood pressure control is not sufficient in Czech diabetic population. The target values are reached in only 29 % of diabetics. A well organized system of care, intensive antihypertensive treatment, self-monitoring of patients or appointment reminder system can be used to improve blood pressure control.

Diabetes is an established risk factor of cardiovascular disease including the coronary heart disease (CHD) and elevates the risk of cardiovascular death 2 times. Based on current evidence the risk of acquiring the CHD increases accordingly to the level of fasting blood glucose even in the prediabetic range. In the range of 5.6-6.0mmol/l the risk is 1.11, in the range of 6.1-6.9mmol/l the risk is 1.17. In the range of HbA1c of 42-47mmol/l the risk of the CHD is 1.28. The probability of the CHD occurrence therefore does indeed increase in conjunction with the fasting blood glucose levels but the dependence is not linear.