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In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the deterioration of cognitive functioning after the use of chemotherapy. The article presents the problems of cognitive disorders caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients. These deficits in scientific terminology are called chemobrain. Patients in particular indicate disorders of: longterm verbal memory and executive functions (planning, verbal fluency and working memory). This is confirmed by the results of neuroimaging studies. It has been observed that higher doses of cytostatics may contribute to the development of cognitive deficits. This article is a general introduction to the problems of chemobrain - the definition of the phenomenon and a discussion of neuroanatomical issues related to the influence of chemotherapy on the central nervous system. Moreover, the article tries to draw attention to the application of neuropsychological rehabilitation after chemotherapy., (© 2022 MEDPRESS.)

One of the foundations of effective and good oncological treatment is proper communication between the medical staff and the patient. In the face of the observed increase in the level of awareness and education of the society, there is also a growing need to provide patients with as much information about their health as possible. Quality of life is more and more often pointed to, not just the quantity of life. Proper communication, both within the facility and with external entities, is considered an important factor in improving the quality of life. The aim of the article is to briefly present the principles of effective communication in healthcare entities. The paper pays attention to verbal and non-verbal communication. The importance of constructive communication was emphasized and the negative features of communication were presented. The purpose of this article is to recall the general principles of communication and the problems encountered in this area, the constant updating of which should serve not only patients, but also people who are responsible for providing oncological care. This work also aims to indicate the application of psycho-oncology in oncology., (© 2022 MEDPRESS.)

Depressive syndromes are the most common mental disorders after the age of 60. It is estimated that symptoms of depression are found in over 15% of people over 65 years of age., A Case Report: We present a description of a 74-year-old woman diagnosed with psychotic depression probably caused by SARS-CoV- 2 infection confirmed by PCR test. The patient took part in a neuropsychological examination which showed the presence of cognitive deficits., Conclusions: This case is a good example of how COVID-19 could potentially trigger psychiatric symptoms. The existing literature in this field describes cases in which productive symptoms developed., (© 2022 MEDPRESS.)

Using central nervous system (CNS) neuroimaging techniques, it was possible to identify structural changes in the brain associated with eating disorders. Due to the occurrence of organic changes, the search for the impact of these changes on the cognitive sphere was undertaken. Research to date suggests that people with eating disorders exhibit cognitive dysfunction. However, these results remain inconsistent., Aim: The aim of the study was to check whether people with eating disorders (anorexia nervosa and bulimia) have cognitive deficits., Materials and Methods: 40 female participants took part in the study. The research group consisted of people with eating disorders, while the control group consisted of healthy people. The study included a diagnostic interview and original diagnostic tools: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Color Trials Test (CTT), d2, California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Rey- Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF), and WAIS-R- Digit Span., Results: On the basis of the conducted study, the occurrence of deficits in some aspects of executive functions (planning, cognitive flexibility) and memory (verbal, visual-spatial) in people with eating disorders was demonstrated. It has not been shown that people with eating disorders would experience difficulties in searching the material, however, more errors in the d2 test were observed, which may indicate difficulties with shifting and maintaining attention. The study showed that the duration of the disease affects some aspects of cognitive functioning in people with eating disorders., (© 2021 MEDPRESS.)

Humans have a remarkable ability to perceive, identify, recognize and interpret biological movements. Point-light diplays (PLD) is the only method used to represent trajectories of human movements in visual material. Biological movement recognition might be disturbed in some disorders., Aim: The aim of the study was to examine if people with central nervous system (CNS) tumors bear deficits in recognizing biological movement. In addition, authors of this study decided to examine whether these deficits are associated with cognitive functions (especially executive functions)., Materials and Methods: The study was performed at Neurosurgical Department of the Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Poland. The patients who were admitted to Neurosurgical Department in the purpose of brain tumour removal were recruited to the study group. The control group consisted of healthy people. Neuropsychological tools (ACE-III, Rey figure, CTT, Ruff Figural Fluidity Test, WAIS-R Digit Span) and a program for biological motions recognition., Results: In terms of age, education level and gender no statistical differences were observed between the control group and the research group. Our study revealed statistically significant differences in the recognition of biological movement in the control and study group. The correlation analysis between EF and biological movement recognition were found in the following domain of neurophysiological tests: RFFT unique combinations, M-ACE, ACE-III visual-spatial functions, CTT interference indicator., Conclusions: People affected by brain tumours have impaired ability to recognize biological movements., (© 2021 MEDPRESS.)