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This paper takes the interlayer soil of heavy saline-alkali soil in Weigan River Irrigation Demonstration base in Aksu District, Xinjiang Province, China as the research object. Through field plot tests, the changes of soil water and salt under different years and winter irrigation quota of 4725 mm·ha-1 were studied. Analysis revealed that, after three rounds of irrigation, the control (CK) treatment exhibited soil moisture content 1.4%-16.2% and 2.3%-15.5% higher than that of other treatments at 60-80 cm and 0-100 cm, respectively. Among all treatments, G1 exhibited the highest desalination rate of 75.9%, followed by G6 and G3 at 51.5% and 39.4%, respectively, whereas G2 and G5 were relatively similar at 38.2% and 37.4%, respectively, and G4 showed the lowest desalination rate of 33.9%. Significant desalination effects were observed after two and three winter irrigations, particularly in the 0-20 cm soil layer where salt content decreased from 7.06-11.61 g kg-1 before irrigation in 2020 to 2.00-5.91 g kg-1 after irrigation in 2022. The desalination rate was between 76.8% and 382.5%, which improved the surface soil from the initial medium to moderate saline-alkali soil to light to moderate saline-alkali soil. The research findings that improvement measures can enhance soil water infiltration and improve soil desalination efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the effect of soil salinity on fertilizer nitrogen transformation, a laboratory culture experiment was conducted with six salinity levels (soil salt content was: 0.17%, 0.99%, 1.64%, 2.32%, 2.91%, 3.79%, respectively) and 6 fertilizer treatments (no fertilizer (CK), low (UPL), medium (UPM) and high three urea phosphate doses (150 kg N/hm2, 300 kg N/hm2 and 600 kg N/hm2), low (URL) and high urea doses (URH) (300 kg N/hm2 and 789 kg N/hm2)). With the increase of soil salinity, the average ammonia volatilization loss rate increased from 1.07% to 9.17%. The average of cumulative ammonia volatilization under different fertilization treatments basically followed the order: URH > URL > UPH > UPM > UPL > CK. With the increase of soil salinity, the average net nitrated nitrogen under different fertilizer treatment was 52.66, 43.06, 68.86, 43.18, 31.10, 22.66 mg/kg in order. Soil inorganic nitrogen transformation increased with the increase of fertilizer application. The net nitrated nitrogen and inorganic nitrogen transformation of soils with different salinity under UPM treatment were higher than those under URL treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]