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The effects of long-period climate change and fluctuations of climate factors in the recent decades on the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) growing in the Kerzshenskii State Nature Biosphere Reserve (the Nizhny Novgorod region) are considered. It is found that the amount of precipitation forming phytocenoses water availability is the most important climatic factor limiting the pine growth and development. A competition between the linear and radial pine increments for the water resource, which directly depends on the amount of precipitation, is identified. The direct response of the radial to linear increment is found, because these are the height tree growth and the crown development that induce the successful stem diameter formation. It is noted that due to the widespread occurrence and variety of environmental impact signals, Pinus sylvestris is an optimum object for the environmental monitoring of forest ecosystems, which makes its further investigation in a changing climate essential.

Software for optimizing the configuration of manufacturing systems so as to reduce expenditures in all stages of the product life cycle is considered. Mathematical expressions are given for the three crossover operators used in the genetic optimization algorithm. A computational experiment indicates the most effective crossover operator.

Many organizations and automated data-processing systems are involved in analysis of the logistical support (ALS) of high-tech equipment. Therefore, the initial data and the results of analysis must be presented in standardized form. That calls for an integrated informational model describing all the relevant data elements, their attributes, and their relationships. In ALS, the instruments that monitor the operation of the high-tech equipment form an important component of the information system.

In the rotation of an excavator platform, energy is mostly consumed in acceleration and deceleration. The energy consumed in platform rotation may be reduced by uniform redistribution of the load over the whole contact surface, with equalization of the time of load action.

With transformation of the defense industry and industry in general, -cost-of-ownership models in relation to high-tech products must be modified. The model must include cost sharing between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Thus, the required characteristics of high-tech products must be ensured by the purchaser and the manufacturer in cooperation, so that both partners share the risk of failure.

The principles of information support in the development, design, production, operation, and disposal of manufacturing components are considered.

Information integration is becoming a global strategy for improving the efficiency of life-cycle support. This approach ensures competitive products and high-tech products of high quality. On that basis, a unified system may be created from all the departments of the enterprise involved in the design and development of new products, preparations for production, and mass production and also the departments that support the delivery and maintenance of the product, as well as its maintenance, updating, and disposal.

Simulation is used for design analysis in the modernization, reconstruction, and expansion of production.