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Copyright of Hungarian Medical Journal / Orvosi Hetilap is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hungarian Medical Journal / Orvosi Hetilap is the property of Akademiai Kiado and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: There have been significant changes in the treatment protocol for rectal tumors in recent decades, greatly reducing the rate of local recurrence and distant metastasis, thereby increasing overall survival. Method: We performed a retrospective processing and statistical analysis of the data of 362 patients with rectal cancer who underwent local neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and then underwent surgical treatment between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2017 at the Institute of Surgery of the University of Debrecen. We compared the response rate and overall survival results of our patients with local neoadjuvant treatment to the outcomes of total neoadjuvant treatment reported by the recent large international studies. Results: We experienced complete pathological regression in 8.6% of our patients. After neoadjuvant therapy, 10.7% of our patients experienced distant metastasis at the time of the operation or within 3 months period thereafter. In our study, the rate of response to the neoadjuvant treatment was a prognostic factor independent of the stage at di-agnosis and recognition. The groups with better response produced significantly better survival results. Conclusion: The total neoadjuvant treatment doubled the number of patients with complete pathological response, and the incidence of distant metastasis was by 7% lower in both recent international studies compared to the local neoadjuvant group. 85% of our patients were T3-4N+ stage at the time of recognition. Given the 10.7% rate of dis- tant metastases detected at the time of surgery or within 3 months in our patient population, we can state that ap- proximately half of our patients would have benefited from the administration of total neoadjuvant therapy which produced better outcomes. Based on this conclusion, we decided to introduce the total neoadjuvant therapy protocol in our department for treatment of patients with advanced rectal tumors.

Introduction: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal carcinoma (HNPCC) is an autosomal dominant disease, which shows familial clustering., Aim: We would like to emphasize the importance of monitoring the HNPCC syndrome patients by presenting a case of a proven MMR gene mutation carrier and her family tree encompassing 10 years., Materials and Method: To screen a suspected HNPCC Hungarian family member we are taking thorough family histories. If the diagnosis of HNPCC was further supported by immunohistology and the microsatellite status, sequencing of the MMR genes was carried out., Results: A novel mutation in exon 6 of the hMSH2 gene leading to the deletion of two nucleotide pairs [c.969-970delTC] was detected in our patient. During the 10-year follow-up period of our patient new HNPCC-associated tumors have developed in several family members. Conslusion: Close surveillance of the patient and its family members at risk was effective, although it requires compliance from the subjects. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(30): 1182-1187.