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In proton radiotherapy, a constant value of the relative biological effect (RBE) is assumed in clinical practice. Many studies based on in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that variable proton RBE would improve the treatment outcome. Several models based on data extracted from in vitro experiments relate RBE variations with linear energy transfer (LET) and α/β ratio in linear-quadratic (LQ) model. In our study, we selected Wedenberg model and extended it by adding prediction of RBE statistical distribution. Such an approach propagates uncertainties of in vitro cell experiments into higher level quantities such as RBE and dose-volume-histograms. The model outcome was a skew RBE distribution. The mean value of predicted RBE distribution is in agreement of few percent with the original Wedenberg model. The introduced model predicts RBE distribution which enables more precise inter-model testing than a simple comparison of mean values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, Water Equivalent Ratio (WER) of three selected materials: Polylactic Acid (PLA), Acrylonitrilebutadiene Styrene (ABS) and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) -- commonly used in additive manufacturing technology -- was measured on 60 MeV proton beam and compared with values predicted by Treatment Planning System (TPS) and Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. The agreement within 0.02-2.98% and 0.11-6.46% was found between results obtained from the measurement with comparison to the MC simulation and TPS, respectively. It was concluded that 3D printable materials can be safely used in proton therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]