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With the current phenomenon of aging populations in most parts of the world, there are corresponding increases in age-related conditions associated with impaired cognitive status, such as dementia and delirium. Cognitive status is a key component in carrying out activities of daily living such as walking and bathing, and departures from normal cognitive status may be indicators of acute (e.g., delirium) or chronic (e.g., dementia) conditions. Individuals with cognitive impairments may benefit from playing serious games, which are games designed for a primary purpose other than entertainment. Serious games can potentially assess a variety of factors associated with cognitive decline in dementia, while keeping individuals active and stimulated, thereby potentially slowing down or furthering cognitive decline. In this workshop paper, we discuss the development and use of serious games focusing on cognitive functions that are affected by the progression of dementia.

Many countries are aging societies. Since abilities generally deteriorate with age, technologies can assist older adults in their daily life. Loss of cognitive status is particularly severe in cases of dementia, with around 70% (according to Alzheimers.net) of dementia cases involving Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), a progressive and currently incurable disease. There is considerable research on AD with thousands of relevant publications being added to the PubMed online database every year. The knowledge incorporated in this large body of work is spread across hundreds of thousands of pages of text, making it difficult to distill and mobilize that knowledge in terms of treatments and guidelines. Text mining technology may assist in distilling knowledge from the vast corpus of research literature on Alzheimer's dementia. In this paper, we apply the Named Entity Recognition (NER) system, a text mining (TM) method used to group words into classes, in order to extract useful information from free texts. We present findings concerning how well NER can extract information from a corpus of AD research publications.

The First Symposium on the Personal Web is colocated with CASCON 2010 and is sponsored by IBM CAS Research. This symposium includes key researchers and practitioners in a range of related areas in order to organize and focus the research directions and challenges of the Personal Web as the next instantiation of the Smart Internet. The smart internet is envisaged as a platform for automatic, dynamic aggregation of data and services for the purpose of supporting each user's goals; tasks and concerns, both cognitively and socially. The Personal Web focuses on the user view of the Smart Internet, allowing users to conduct ad hoc or persisted integration effortlessly across the web, as per their context and spheres of interest. The Smart Internet research initiative has two distinct areas of research. Smart Interactions address factors that impact the discovery; aggregation and delivery of data and services from the internet that are most relevant and appropriate to the users' situations and tasks at hand. Smart Services address the challenges in the underlying web architecture and runtime infrastructure as the behind-the-scene enabler to actually deliver the data and services in a manner that meet the requirement for the support of smart interactions. Building on what has been previously established in Smart Internet, the Personal Web emphasizes the use of semantically-linked data as its fundamental basic building block in order to enable user-sovereign, open integrations across the web, and to achieve the goals of users with minimal cognitive effort. This refines the research scope of smart interactions and smart services, and creates new problem statements and research challenges.

Healthcare is a critical activity that consumes a high proportion of the wealth of societies. Governments and healthcare systems around the world are seeking to limit runaway healthcare costs while providing high quality services in ways that balance the competing needs of different groups of people. New technologies are providing opportunities to make healthcare more efficient and effective through better communications and access (e.g., Abraham et al., 2008). The increasing use of mobile devices in hospitals (Kuziemsky et al, 2005) is leading to new types of mobile application (e.g., Agarwal et al., 2007, Bardram and Bossen, 2005, Munoz et al., 2003).

Key architectural elements of the web, namely, HTTP, URL and HTML enable a very simple user model of the web based on hyperlinks. While this model allows browser-based access to a wide array of online content and resources, the limitations in user experience provided in this interaction model are increasingly apparent. Two decades after the birth of the web, new technologies such as Rich Internet Application, AJAX, and Web 2.0 seek to improve web user interfaces, but in general their main benefit is to individual server sites. Little advancement has been made to advance the user model of the web at a macro level where the interaction is driven not by the server but by the user. This paper proposes a novel approach to scientific study of the Web (Web science) where the traditional relationship between users and servers is inverted, so that web services are configured and integrated across multiple servers/sites in order to address the needs of users. The resulting interaction paradigm is referred to here as smart interaction. The Smart interaction approach is quite different from the current hyperlink-oriented user model driven from the perspective of the server side. Smart interactions require new web infrastructure (e.g., runtime components) and new patterns of services and resource interactions and compositions. A Complementary area of research is smart services; where the focus is on abstracting these web infrastructures and service interaction patterns into appropriate web models and algorithms. The combination of smart interaction and smart services will then result in a smart internet where user experience is enhanced, and user productivity unleashed, by passing control back to users.

The goal of the Smart Internet initiative is to move beyond the present paradigm of manual navigation and combination of internet services and interactions in the Web Browser, initiated and managed solely by the users, to a new world in which the internet becomes a platform of services and resources dynamically and automatically configured and integrated for the primary purpose of supporting each user's goals; tasks and concerns, cognitively and socially, in a manner that the user as an individual would want. The initiative involves two specific areas of research: Smart Interactions, which addresses factors that impact the discovery, aggregation and delivery of resources and content from the internet that concentrates on users and their tasks, and Smart Services, which addresses the enabling infrastructure to support smart interactions - their requirements, functions and relationships. Each of these poses a range of research challenges that crosses disciplines, methods and technologies and will require the collaboration of researchers with many different kinds of expertise. In order to make the quantum leap that is required, it is clear that this is a much larger challenge than can be taken on by one group, and will require cross-disciplinary research in a range of areas. The purpose of this workshop is to bring together key researchers and practitioners in a range of related areas in order to organize and focus the research directions and challenges of the Smart Internet initiative, as the first step in the creation of a national strategic network.

This workshop was part of a set of workshops that examined issues relating to the design and implementation of smart interaction. This workshop focused on smart interactions in healthcare contexts. Healthcare is a critical activity that consumes a high proportion of the wealth of societies. Governments and healthcare systems around the world are seeking to limit runaway healthcare costs while providing high quality services in ways that balance the competing needs of different groups of people.

As online communities proliferate, methods are needed to explore and capture patterns of activity within them. This paper focuses on the problem of identifying active subgroups within online communities. k-plex analysis and hierarchical clustering are used to identify and contrast subgroups, and the methodology is demonstrated in a case study involving the TorCamp Google group community. We assessed the validity of the subgroups obtained in the case study by comparing them with the members' experienced sense of community, and their self-reported acquaintanceships. Results suggest that active subgroups of people not only interact with each other at a higher rate, but also have a greater experienced sense of community. It is concluded that detection of active subgroups in online communities can be implemented widely using automated tools for analyzing the social networks implied by online interactions.

Bookmarks are used as "personal Web information spaces" to help people remember and retrieve interesting Web pages. A study of personal Web information spaces surveyed 322 Web users and analyzed the bookmark archives of 50 Web users. The results of this study are used to address why people make bookmarks, and how they create, use, and organize them. Recommendations for improving the organization, visualization, representation, and integration of bookmarks are provided. The recommendations include simple mechanisms for filing bookmarks at creation time, the use of time-based visualizations with automated filters, the use of contextual information in representing bookmarks, and the combination of hierarchy formation and Web page authoring to aid in organizing and viewing bookmarks.