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The year 2020, for the State University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Nicolae Testemitanu” is the Anniversary, the 75th year of activity, a period in which higher medical education has provided the country with doctors, scientists, researchers, and professors of contemporary medicine. During this time, the notorious personalities of Bessarabian medicine were formed, personalities who formed the Golden Fund of the country’s intellectuals. his study contains extensive information about the makers and great illustrious surgeons of the nation, from the founding of Alma Mater to the present, who laid the foundation of modern surgery.

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are characterized by progressive β-cell failure. Bariatric surgery, an effective treatment for morbid obesity, commonly leads to near complete resolution of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The underlying mechanisms, however, remain unclear, most often being attributed to weight loss. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is considered to be an autoimmune disease. The CD4 and CD8 cells play distinct and highly pathogenic roles mediating type 1 diabetes. This prospective clinical trial includes 40 patients with T2DM from 122 patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) from 2009 to 2016. Duration of diabetes was 3±0,5 years, and preoperative BMI of 43,4±1,7 (range 28,7-62,1) kg/m². The blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin were 9,1±0,5 mmol/l and 7,1±0,2 %, respectively. A part of the small bowel was taken for the histochemical examination. We report the preliminary postoperative follow-up data of 16,9±3,4 months. BMI decreased to 29,5±1,1 kg/m², blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin were 5,8±0,3 mmol/l and 5,9±0,2 %, respectively. The histochemical exam emphasized the presence of a chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the lamina propria mostly constituted of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocites, the ratio of CD4/CD8 was 1/6-8. In conclusion, inflammatory mechanisms play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. Both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes can have a common pathogenic mechanism.