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Abstract: Influenza A are nuclear replicating viruses which hijack host machineries in order to achieve optimal infection. Numerous functional virus–host interactions have now been characterized, but little information has been gathered concerning their link to the virally induced remodeling of the host cellular architecture. In this study, we infected cells with several human and avian influenza viruses and we have analyzed their ultrastructural modifications by using electron and confocal microscopy. We discovered that infections lead to a major and systematic disruption of nucleoli and the formation of a large number of diverse viral structures showing specificity that depended on the subtype origin and genomic composition of viruses. We identified NS1 and M1 proteins as the main actors in the remodeling of the host ultra-structure and our results suggest that each influenza A virus strain could be associated with a specific cellular fingerprint, possibly correlated to the functional properties of their viral components. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this study, we investigated the ultrastructural modifications induced by influenza A (H7N9) virus in human lung epithelial cells. One particular characteristic of H7N9 viral infection is the formation of numerous M1-associated striated tubular structures within the nucleus and the cytoplasm, which have only previously been observed for a limited number of influenza A viruses, notably the 2009 pandemic (H1N1) virus. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]