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Abstract: The new intermetallics Fe23CB6 have been studied to ascertain the effect of ternary element C on the phase stability and site preference. Fe23CB6 may form with Cr23C6 prototype structure, and the carbons atoms are positioned at 4a sites. The calculated lattice constants are found to agree with report in literatures. We have calculated the magnetic moments of Fe22NiB6, Fe23C6, Fe23B6 and Fe23CB6 compounds. Furthermore, the total and partial phonon densities of states are evaluated first for Fe23C6, Fe23B6 and Fe23CB6. The analysis of the inverted potentials explains qualitatively the contributions of different atoms to the vibrational modes. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Necroptosis has been implicated in various inflammatory diseases including tumor-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a first-line drug for treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), has been shown to be effective against various inflammatory diseases. However, it is still unclear whether DMF can inhibit necroptosis and confer protection against SIRS. In this study, we found that DMF significantly inhibited necroptotic cell death in macrophages induced by different necroptotic stimulations. Both the autophosphorylation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine kinase 1 (RIPK1) and RIPK3 and the downstream phosphorylation and oligomerization of MLKL were robustly suppressed by DMF. Accompanying the suppression of necroptotic signaling, DMF blocked the mitochondrial reverse electron transport (RET) induced by necroptotic stimulation, which was associated with its electrophilic property. Several well-known anti-RET reagents also markedly inhibited the activation of the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis accompanied by decreased necrotic cell death, indicating a critical role of RET in necroptotic signaling. DMF and other anti-RET reagents suppressed the ubiquitination of RIPK1 and RIPK3, and they attenuated the formation of necrosome. Moreover, oral administration of DMF significantly alleviated the severity of TNF-α-induced SIRS in mice. Consistent with this, DMF mitigated TNF-α-induced cecal, uterine, and lung damage accompanied by diminished RIPK3-MLKL signaling. Collectively, DMF represents a new necroptosis inhibitor that suppresses the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis through blocking mitochondrial RET. Our study highlights DMF's potential therapeutic applications for treating SIRS-associated diseases. [Display omitted] • DMF inhibits necroptosis by blocking the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis. • DMF inhibits necroptosis by blocking mitochondrial RET which activates the RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL axis. • DMF alleviates TNF-α-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) through inhibiting necroptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] A method was applied to evaluate mechanisms. [•] Twenty-six phytochemical components and 46 target proteins were selected. [•] Compound–protein interaction probability was calculated using PreDPI-Ki. [•] A visualized heat map and network were constructed. [•] Mechanisms could be divided using principal components analysis. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A single measurement of organophosphate flame retardant (OPFR) metabolites in a spot sample is often used in epidemiological studies to estimate individual exposures. Over seven consecutive days, we collected 661 spot samples, including 127 first morning voids (FMVs) and 123 simulated 24-h collections, from 20 healthy adults and analyzed for eight OPFR metabolites. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to evaluate the variability of the analyzed metabolites. In spot samples group, serial measurements of OPFR metabolites showed poor reproducibility (0.0422 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.349), and the within-day variability was the main contributor of the total variability. The estimated ICCs based on different correction methods for urine dilution (i.e., specific gravity-adjusted, creatinine-adjusted, and creatinine as a covariate) were similar, but varied according to gender and body mass index. Uniformly low sensitivities (0.417–0.633) were observed when using a single FMV or spot sample to predict the 1-week highly (top 33.0%) exposed volunteers. Therefore, using a single urinary measurement to predict chronic exposure to OPFRs can lead to a high degree of classification errors. When multiple urine samples are collected, considering the sampling type, the time of collection, and demographic characteristics may provide a more complete approach to assess exposure to diverse OPFRs. [Display omitted] • We collected 661 spot samples from 20 healthy adults over 7 consecutive days. • All 8 urinary organophosphate flame retardant metabolites had poor reproducibility. • Intraclass correlation coefficients varied according to gender and body mass index. • The within-day variability was the main contributor of the total variability. • Using single measure to predict chronic exposure can lead to misclassification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]