1. The hepatic lectin of zebrafish binds a wide range of bacteria and participates in immune defense.
- Author
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Yang Q, Wang P, Wang S, Wang Y, Feng S, Zhang S, and Li H
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Asialoglycoprotein Receptor chemistry, Asialoglycoprotein Receptor genetics, Base Sequence, Fish Proteins chemistry, Fish Proteins genetics, Fish Proteins immunology, Gene Expression Profiling veterinary, Gram-Negative Bacteria physiology, Gram-Positive Bacteria physiology, Lectins, C-Type chemistry, Lectins, C-Type genetics, Lipopolysaccharides pharmacology, Phylogeny, Sequence Alignment veterinary, Teichoic Acids pharmacology, Zebrafish Proteins chemistry, Zebrafish Proteins genetics, Asialoglycoprotein Receptor immunology, Fish Diseases immunology, Gene Expression Regulation immunology, Immunity, Innate genetics, Lectins, C-Type immunology, Zebrafish genetics, Zebrafish immunology, Zebrafish Proteins immunology
- Abstract
C-type lectins (CTLs) have a diverse range of functions including cell-cell adhesion, immune response to pathogens and apoptosis. Asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), also known as hepatic lectin, a member of CTLs, was the first animal lectin identified, yet information regarding it remains rather limited in teleost. In this study, we identified a putative protein in zebrafish, named as the zebrafish hepatic lectin (Zhl). The zhl encoded a typical Ca
2+ -dependent carbohydrate-binding protein, and was mainly expressed in the liver in a tissue specific fashion. Challenge with LPS and LTA resulted in significant up-regulation of zhl expression, suggesting involvement in immune response. Actually, recombinant C-type lectin domain (rCTLD) of Zhl was found to be capable of agglutinating and binding to both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and enhancing the phagocytosis of the bacteria by macrophages. Moreover, rCTLD specifically bound to insoluble lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and peptidoglycan (PGN), which were inhibited by galactose. Interestingly, Zhl was located in the membrane, and its overexpression could inhibit the production of pre-inflammatory cytokines. Taken together, these results indicate that Zhl has immune activity capable of defending invading pathogens, enriching our understanding of the function of ASGPR/hepatic lectin., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2018
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