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All-weather personal thermal regulation has far been challenged by variable environments especially the regulatory failure caused by highly-dense solar radiation, low environmental radiation and the fluctuated epidermal moisture in different seasons. Herein, from the design of interface selectivity, dual-asymmetrically optical and wetting selective polylactic acid-based (PLA) Janus-type nanofabric is proposed to achieve on-demand radiative cooling and heating as well as sweat transportation. Hollow TiO 2 particles are introduced in PLA nanofabric causing high interface scattering (∼99%) and infrared emission (∼91.2%) as well as surface hydrophobicity (CA > 140°). The strictly optical and wetting selectivity help achieve ∼12.8℃ of net cooling effect under > 1500 W/m 2 of solar power and ∼5℃ of cooling advantage higher than cotton fabric and sweat resistance simultaneously. Contrarily, the semi-embedded Ag nanowires (AgNWs) with high conductivity (0.245 Ω/sq) endows the nanofabric with visible water permeability and excellent interface reflection for thermal radiation from body (>65%) thus causing ∼7℃ of thermal shielding. Through simple interface flipping, synergistical cooling-sweat reducing and warming-sweat resisting can be achieved to satisfy the thermal regulation in all weather. Compared with conventional fabrics, multi-functional Janus-type passive personal thermal management nanofabrics would be of great significance to achieve the personal health maintenance and energy sustainability., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The development of high-efficiency and cost-effective difunctional electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are highly attractive to fulfill the practical water electrolysis. Herein, a novel low-cost difunctional cobalt-nickel sulfide (Co 3 S 4 /Ni 3 S 2 ) flower-like heterostructures are purposely loaded on the surface of polypyrrole (PPy) nanosheets on nickel foam (NF) via feasible and efficient electrodeposition and hydrothermal tactics. The unique hierarchical architecture of the PPy nanosheets and strong electron interaction in the Co 3 S 4 /Ni 3 S 2 nanohybrid effectively offer sufficient specific surface area and regulate electronic configuration for expediting the electrocatalytic process. The theoretical simulations also provide convincing proof that the interface of the Co 3 S 4 /Ni 3 S 2 heterostructures supplies a lower energy pathway for water adsorption and dissociation, and the electrons migration that occurs when heterostructures emerge is probably the root of the result above. Consequently, the as-fabricated Co 3 S 4 /Ni 3 S 2 @PPy/NF exhibits outstanding electrochemical activity of HER and OER requiring low overpotentials of 63 mV and 207 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm -2 in the alkaline electrolyte, respectively. When equipped in a two-electrode electrolyzer, the Co 3 S 4 /Ni 3 S 2 @PPy/NF electrode couple displays a low voltage of only 1.52 V at 10 mA cm -2 , indicating its potential application in the field of the water electrolysis., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Graphitic carbon nitride, regarded as a charming conjugated polymer, has been a visible light photocatalyst. Bulk carbon nitride endures the limited light absorption ability, few surface active sites and slow separation of photoinduced charge carriers, leading to the poor catalytic activity. Herein, a new carbon (C) and phosphorus (P) co-doped carbon nitride hollow tube with adjustable optical property (CPCN) was developed by applying melamine and polyacrylic amide as the precursors and phosphoric acid as the P source via a hydrothermal-thermal copolymerization way. The effects of polyacrylic amide content on the morphology and photocatalytic performance were intensively investigated. The special hollow tube favors the improvement of active sites and visible light harvesting ability. Meantime, C and P co-doping results in the narrow band gap and rapid charge transfer, thus enabling an enhanced catalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Particularly, CPCN-50 exhibits a remarkable H 2 generation rate of 4485.7 μmol h -1 g -1 under λ > 400 nm, which is higher than pure carbon nitride CN (902.3 μmol h -1 g -1 ), C doped sample CCN-50 (3741.1 μmol h -1 g -1 ) and P doped sample CNP (2280.0 μmol h -1 g -1 ). It implies that C, P co-doping exhibits a synergistic effect on boosting photoinduced charge transfer and hindering the recombination. Moreover, CPCN-50 illustrates a higher H 2 generation rate (3024.5 μmol h -1 g -1 ) than CN (400.8 μmol h -1 g -1 ) under λ > 420 nm irradiation. This way developed in this work might exhibit utility for synthesizing highly effective photocatalysts for the CO 2 reduction, H 2 evolution and so on., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Controlling the spatial confinement effect and highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles (NPs) can help to improve applicability in catalysis, energy conversion, and separation. However, the nonspatial confinement effect, agglomeration of Pd NPs of catalyst and harsh reaction conditions have become the urgent problems to be solved in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Herein, we report the first application of a new MOFs@COFs by using core with metal organic frameworks (MOFs) NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe) and shell with covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for loading Pd NPs. The quickly formation of a transition state, the highly dispersed Pd NPs and the advancedly spatial confinement effect were achieved by coupling Fe base synergistic active components, electron-oriented anchoring with controlling pore scale, respectively. Most notably, as a proof-of-concept application, the high catalytic activity of NH 2 -MIL-101(Fe)@Pd@COFs(3 + 3) in catalysis is elucidated for Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction by the broad scope of the reactants and the preeminent yields of the products, together with excellent stability and recoverability. With this strategy, the mechanism of Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction was verified by examining the catalytic activity. We hope that our approach can further facilitate the study of the design and use of functional MOFs@Pd@COFs materials., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Defect-engineering in transition-metal-doped carbon-based catalyst plays an essential role for improving the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Herein, we report a ball-milling induced defect assisted with ZnCl 2 strategy for fabricating defect-rich iron/nitrogen co-doped graphene-based materials (Fe-N-G). The substantial mechanical shear forces and the constant corrosion to the carbon matrix by ZnCl 2 lead to the creation of abundant defects in graphene-based materials, which facilitates doping for heteroatoms. The defect-rich Fe-N-G catalyst with abundant Fe-N x active sites displays excellent ORR performance. For OER, the over potential for Fe-N-G outperforms that of RuO 2 in 1 M KOH at 10 mA cm -2 . The Density Functional Theory calculations unravel that the impressive OER performance is attributable to the introduction of abundant defects. Additionally, the liquid and all-solid-state zinc-air batteries equipped with the prepared material as the air cathode demonstrate high power density, high specific capacity, and long charge-discharge stability. This work offers a practical method for manufacturing high-performance electrocatalysts for environmental and energy-related fields., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Myopia is a prevalent eye disorder, especially among children and adolescents in eastern Asian countries. Multiple measures have already been taken to prevent and treat myopia, including atropine and dopamine. However, the serum metabolic picture of myopia has not yet been studied as a whole and remains largely unclear. In this paper, a prospective and panoramic study was carried out to find out the whole serum metabolomic and lipidomic picture of myopia., Methods: With untargeted mass spectrometry (MS), myopia among 211 children and adolescents was studied. The MS features were first grouped across the samples. Then, compound annotation was carried out based on these features. Finally, the metabolite features were mapped to pathways, whose biological functions in myopia were studied and discussed., Results: A total of 275 metabolite features were derived from 92 aligned MS peak groups with significant fold changes, and then mapped to 33 pathways. By a comprehensive consideration of significance, fold change, importance score and appearance in different omics, 9 pathways were selected, and their biological functions were further analyzed. Among these selected pathways, 5 pathways were related with oxidative stress, a validated phenomenon during myopia development, while 5 pathways were related with dopamine receptor D2, whose molecular function in myopia treatment is not fully understood. A total of 177 metabolite features from 45 peak groups were related with the studied pathways., Conclusion: This prospective study shed light on the whole picture of metabolomic mechanism underlying myopia and provided guidance to further elucidation of compounds and pathways in this whole picture., (Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Transition metals are increasingly attracting interest in electrocatalysts for use in water decomposition due to their excellent catalytic activity and stability. Simultaneously, metal-organic frameworks with designable metal ion centers and organic ligands are the promising precursors for the one-step synthesis of metal encapsulated in carbon composites for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report the successful construction of Co-CoO/ZnFe 2 O 4 encapsulated in carbon nanowires (Co-CoO/ZnFe 2 O 4 @CNWs) by annealing as-synthesized nanowire Co/Zn/Fe-MOF at 400 °C in N 2 . This structure provides the rich defect sites and active centers, and the synergy of Co, CoO and ZnFe 2 O 4 lead to efficient hydrogen evolution when the composite is used as a catalytic electrode for HER in 1.0 M KOH. The catalyst shows a low initial overpotential (97 mV) and a small Tafel slope (138 mV dec -1 ), and the overpotential at 10 mA cm -2 is only 226 mV. In addition, this composite material exhibits excellent long-term durability even after 1000 cycles. It is expected that it is a potential alternative catalyst for rational utilization in the field of electrolytic water decomposition., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Electrocatalytic water splitting using bi-functional catalysts is one of the most promising approaches for clean hydrogen fuel production. To address shortcomings of the existing catalysts, here we develop a new bi-functional catalysts cobalt-based nano-architecture with ordered, Ni-doped two-dimensional (2D) defect-rich nanosheets. Innovative combination of doping, annealing, and sulfidation is developed to fabricate the hierarchical porous metal sulfide (denoted as Ni-Co-S) nanosheets arrays (HPNA) directly on conductive carbon cloth (CC). Owing to the unique architecture with the specific surface area and porous structure, short ion diffusion paths, the Ni-Co-S HPNA exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activitiy for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline solution, featuring low overpotentials of 110 and 270 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm -2 , respectively. The excellent catalytic performance is attributed to the unique porous structure, abundant active sites and efficient mass transport. More importantly, when the Ni-Co-S HPNA serves as both the anode and cathode, it achieves a 1.62 V at 10 mA cm -2 and remains stable over 12 h of the overall water splitting process. This work opens new avenues for rational design of high-efficiency and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts for water electrolysis and a broader range of clean energy and sustainable chemistry applications., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Achieving sustainable energy technology with outstanding performance and clean materials for overall water splitting, while fascinating, still include many challenges. Herein, the masterly CoNi 2 S 4 @CoS 2 /NF 3D microspheres assembled by peapod-like nanorods with a mass of CoS 2 particles are successfully prepared on nickel foam. The well-preserved 3D porous materials with unique heterostructure have various merits including more electronic channels, small electrons transfer resistance and open interior space. Besides, the unique peapod-like structure endows the catalyst plentiful, dispersive and exposed reactive sites, which is vital important to significantly increase the electrochemical performance. Notably, the as-prepared CoNi 2 S 4 @CoS 2 /NF catalysts achieve optimized electrocatalytic activity for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at low overpotentials of 259 mV and 173 mV while deliver 10 mA cm -2 current density, respectively. It can be anticipated that it is a potential alternative catalyst for rational utilization in electrolytic water splitting fields., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

The two dimensional (2D) lamellar structure materials with micron length of lateral can offer abundant reactive sites, high surface area and high flexibility for separating the photo-induced electron-hole pairs, and the obtained nanosheets possess tremendous potential to achieve efficient photocatalytic performance. Herein, we design and successfully synthesize 2D MOF-derived leaf-like structured Co 4 S 3 decorated with CdS photocatalyst by a facile method, which possesses a lateral size of 3-6 μm with the thickness of 130-160 nm. The maximum optical absorption wavelength of Co 4 S 3 /CdS extends remarkably from 570 nm to 720 nm in visible light region compared with pure CdS nanospheres, demonstrating that the Co 4 S 3 /CdS hybrid material has higher solar energy utilization efficiency. Benefited from the structural advantages and the improvement of the absorption region, the optimized Co 4 S 3 /CdS (0.2) exhibits superior hydrogen production performance, and the amount of H 2 reaches 5892.6 μmol h -1  g -1 under continuous visible-light illumination. Notably, the result manifests over 6 times greater than the neat CdS nanoparticles. Above all, this work provides a remarkable stepping stone in rationally constructing 2D MOF-based composite materials for sustainable energy sources applied in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

In this work, we report a feasible approach to synthesize a ternary nanocomposites, Pt/lanthanum doped mesoporous zirconium oxide (Pt/La 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 ), via an effective two-step method. Ordered mesoporous La 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 composites were firstly fabricated with mesoporous silica KIT-6 as a hard template. Subsequently, uniform Pt nanoparticles encapsulated by 4 hydroxyl-terminated poly (amidoamine) (G4-OH PAMAM) dendrimers were deposited on the La 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 composites. The as-prepared samples were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM), N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm analysis, energy dispersion X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and temperature programmed reduction (H 2 -TPR). The average size of PtDENs was found to be 1.48nm in diameter. Furthermore, the introduction of La could improve the structure of the supports which was confirmed by XRD and H 2 -TPR analysis. The reduction of p-nitrophenol to p-aminophenol by NaBH 4 was utilized to evaluate the catalytic performances of catalysts. Results indicated that the Pt/La 2 O 3 -ZrO 2 catalyst calcined in nitrogen at 550°C exhibited the highest catalytic performance and still kept the high catalytic activity even after six cycles. This phenomenon suggests that synergistic effect among Pt-Zr-La could enhance the catalytic efficiency. Finally, reaction mechanism was proposed for the reduction of p-nitrophenol., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

A novel binary-metal-oxide-coated hollow microspheres-titanium dioxide-zirconium dioxide-coated Au nanocatalyst was prepared via a facile hydrothermal synthesis method. SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, XRD, UV-vis and XPS analyses were employed to characterize the composition, structure, and morphology of ZrO 2 -TiO 2 hollow spheres. The size of Au nanoparticles was found to be 3-5nm in diameter before being immobilized on the aforementioned mesoporous ZrO 2 -TiO 2 layer and used as catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by NaBH 4 . Compared with TiO 2 /Au and ZrO 2 /Au, ZrO 2 -TiO 2 /Au NPs showed a higher catalytic activity because of due to mixed oxide synergistic effect. Besides, the sample gets the highest thermal stability and reactivity at 550°C, after calcining the hollow ZT/Au NPs at 550°C, 300°C and room temperature, respectively. Finally, a possible reaction mechanism was also proposed to explain the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol over ZrO 2 -TiO 2 /Au catalyst., (Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

A novel strategy was described to construct Au-based yolk-shell SCVmS-Au nanocomposites (NCs), which combined the sol-gel template-assisted process for the assembly of hierarchical SCVmS NCs with modified CeO 2 /mSiO 2 as yolks/shells, and the unique deposition-precipitation (DP) process mediated with Au(en) 2 Cl 3 compounds for the synthesis of extremely stable supported Au nanoparticles (NPs). Characterization results indicated that the obtained SCVmS-Au NCs featured mesoporous silica shells, tunable interlayer voids, movable CeO 2 -modified cores and numerous sub-5nm Au NPs. Notably, the Au(en) 2 Cl 3 was employed as gold precursors to chemically modify into the modulated yolk-shell structure through the DP process and the subsequent low-temperature hydrogen reduction induced the in-situ formation of abundant supported Au NPs, bestowing these metal NPs with ultrafine grain size and outstanding sinter-resistant properties that endured harsh thermal conditions up to 750°C. Benefiting from the structural advantages and enhanced synergy of CeO 2 -Au/mSiO 2 -Au yolks/shells, the SCVmS-Au was demonstrated as markedly efficient catalysts with superior activity and reusability in catalyzing the reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol, and its pristine morphology still maintained after eight recycling tests., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Abnormal bone formation is a clinically significant dilemma for many conditions in response to injury, inflammation or genetic disease. However, the effects of inflammation on the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remain unclear. IL-23 secretion from macrophages might contribute to the development of bone formation. Here, we investigated the stimulatory effects of THP-1 macrophage conditioned medium (MΦ CM) on the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs and the associated signaling pathways. The osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was induced after exposure to osteogenic differentiation medium (OM). MΦ CM significantly increased alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity and calcium mineralization in MSCs. Osteogenic marker genes, including RUNX2, ALP and osteocalcin (OCN), were also up-regulated in MSCs after exposure to MΦ CM. Moreover, western blotting revealed that MΦ CM treatment induced STAT3 and β-catenin activation in MSCs. Furthermore, blockade of IL-23 in MΦ CM not only impaired the osteogenic-promotion effects of macrophage but also decreased the expression of osteogenic maker genes. However, IL-23R silencing suppressed MΦ CM-induced calcium mineralization and osteogenic maker gene expression in MSCs. These data suggest that macrophages derived from THP-1 promote the osteoblastic differentiation of MSCs through the IL-23/IL-23R/β-catenin pathway and macrophages might contribute to the development of bone formation in inflammation., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)