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Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Fourth Edition is the most extensive compendium surveying the full scope of toxicology, including its chemical, biological and physical (e.g., radiation) perspectives. Spanning nine volumes, this new edition comprises 1150 thoroughly revised and 70 entirely new entries authored by experts in their respective fields, selected by a globally recognized board who have brought rigorous editorial skills to the project. New areas covered in this release include the bourgeoning field of computational toxicology, research applications of alternatives to animal testing, the rise in development and use of consumer products and their effects on populations, and the increasing introduction and use of pharmaceutical ingredients and their interactions. Other chapters of note cover artificial intelligence models of toxicological exposure and effects, extractables and leachable testing, climate change implications for humans, animals and the environment, screening models, -omics, tools such as sequence alignment to predict across species susceptibility, and much more. - Includes contributions from a world-renowned editorial board and expert contributors with wide-ranging backgrounds in toxicology - Thoroughly updated with the latest advances in the science - Contains concise and accessible content, providing an authoritative reference resource for non-specialists and readers from undergraduate level upwards, as well as advanced healthcare providers - Covers new topics such as computational toxicology, alternatives to animal testing, pharmaceutical ingredients, artificial intelligence models of toxicological exposure and effects, wildfires and effects of their smoke, vaping, high throughput transcriptomics, and the effect of environmental chemicals on the microbiome

Vitamin D and Health, Volume 109 reviews the versatility of vitamin D in enhancing the immune system and its potential role in combating many chronic diseases. While vitamin D's role in enhancing bone health is well established, recent studies demonstrated the safety and efficacy of peri-operative vitamin D supplementation in cardiac patients and its impact on post-operative outcomes. Chapters in this new release include discussions on Vitamin D and Immune Function, Vitamin D and Bone Heath, Vitamin D and Cardiovascular Disease, Vitamin D and Cancer, Vitamin D and Diabetes, Vitamin D and Neurological Diseases, Vitamin D and Celiac Disease, and much more. - Provides the latest information on the possible mechanisms of action by the active metabolite of vitamin D, 1,25(OH) in immune cells - Covers the beneficial roles of vitamin D in bone health, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancers, and celiac disease - Discusses vitamin D's ability to reduce the risk of severity and death from viral diseases such as influenza, COVID-19, and the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Handbook of the Psychology of Aging, Ninth Edition tackles both the biological and environmental influences on behavior and the reciprocal interface between changes in the brain and behavior that span the adult lifespan. This information is very important to many features of daily life, from workplace to family, and in public policy matters. It is complex and new questions are continually raised about how behavior changes with age. Providing perspectives on the behavioral science of aging for diverse disciplines, the handbook explains how the role of behavior is organized and how it changes over the course of life. Along with parallel advances in research methodology, it explicates in great detail, patterns and sub-patterns of behavior over the lifespan, and how it affects biological, health and social interactions. - Covers preclinical neuropathology - Examines age and sex differences in the process of aging - Considers financial decision-making and capacity - Explores mental health issues related to death and dying - Discusses technology for older adults

The Advances in Pharmacology series presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. - Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology - Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series

Obesity: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants cover the science of oxidative stress in obesity and associated conditions, including metabolic syndrome, bariatric surgery, and the potentially therapeutic usage of natural antioxidants in the diet or food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are not described in isolation, but in concert with other processes, such as apoptosis, cell signaling and receptor mediated responses. This approach recognizes that diseases are often multifactorial and oxidative stress is but a single component. The book is designed for nutritionists, dietitians, food scientists, physicians and clinical workers, health care workers and research scientists. - Covers the basic processes of oxidative stress, from molecular biology, to whole organs - Highlights antioxidants in foods, including plants and other components of diet - Provides the framework for further, in-depth analysis or studies via well-designed clinical trials or via the analysis of pathways, mechanisms and componentsa

The third edition of the Encyclopedia of Toxicology, Four Volume Set presents entries devoted to key concepts and specific chemicals, and is updated to reflect current advances in the field. It contains new information on nanotoxicology, epigenetics, persistent organic pollutants, computational toxicology and bioinformatics, controversial chemicals, and much more. Along with the traditional scientific entries, new articles focus on worldwide initiatives, the potential health and environmental effects of new technologies, and the societal implications of global legal and regulatory issues. With thoroughly updated articles, references, and resources for recommended reading, the third edition has been expanded in length, breadth, and depth, and continues to provide an extensive overview of the many facets of toxicology. Provides easy access to content on chemicals and all core areas of toxicology Thoroughly updated with the latest advances in toxicology, including epigenetics, nanotoxicology, computational toxicology, and translational toxicology New topics include implications of global legal and regulatory issues, persistent organic pollutants, REACH, SAICM, e-waste, and many more

Research has clearly established a link between omega-3 fatty acids and general health, particularly cardiovascular health. Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Brain and Neurological Health is the first book to focus exclusively on the role of omega-3 fatty acids on general brain health. The articles in this collection illustrate omega-3 fatty acids'importance in longevity, cognitive impairment, and structure and function of the brain's neurons. Research has established links between omega-3 fatty acids and the developing brain, aging, dementia, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis. This book encompasses some of the most recent research, including the role of omega-3 fatty acid supplements on hippocampal neurogenesis, substantia nigra modulation, migraine headaches, the developing brain in animals, sleep, and neurodegenerative diseases. This collection helps to push research forward toward a complete understanding of omega-3 fatty acids'relationship to brain and neurological health. - The first book-length collection of original research on the connection between omega-3 fatty acids and the brain - Provides a comprehensive introduction to the state of research on omega-3 fatty acids and the brain and directions for future research - A foundational collection for neuroscience, neurology, and nutrition research

This volume on medicinal foods from the sea narrates the bioactive principles of various marine floral (vertebrate and Invertebrate), faunal (Macro and Micro algal) and microbial sources. Contributions from eminent scientists worldwide explain about the latest advance implications in the development and application of marine originated functional foods, as potential pharmaceuticals and medicines for the benefit of humankind by meeting the present nutraceutical demands. - The latest important information for food scientists and nutritionists - Peer-reviewed articles by a panel of respected scientists - The go-to series since 1948

Current Topics in Membranes provides a systematic, comprehensive, and rigorous approach to specific topics relevant to the study of cellular membranes. Each volume is a guest edited compendium of membrane biology. - Guest edited by cell membrane experts - Dynamic and thorough coverage of all aspects of the aqueous humor from inflow to outflow - Provides the latest teachings on genomics and glaucoma - Highlights new therapeutic strategies for the control of intraocular pressure

Endogenous Peptides and Learning and Memory Processes presents the role of pituitary and central nervous system peptidergic systems in the modulation of memory and learning. This book discusses the various experimental findings concerning the role of peptides in attention, memory, conditioning, opiate tolerance, and amnesia. Organized into five parts encompassing 26 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the possible chemical relationship between melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). This text then discusses the complex behavioral activities of ACTH involving processes that serve the adaptive abilities of the organism, such as memory, learning, motivation, attention, and arousal. Other chapters consider the possibility that post-training injection of some hormones may aid retention performance following training in a one-trial inhibitory avoidance task. The final chapter deals with the various types of behavioral tests for studying the central nervous system effects of peptides. This book is a valuable resource for specialists, teachers, clinicians, and researchers in the fields of neuropharmacology, behavioral pharmacology, experimental psychology, and psychopharmacology.

Neurotransmitters and Anterior Pituitary Function discusses research findings on neurotransmitter-neurohormone interactions in the control of the anterior pituitary. This book contains five chapters that specifically tackle the most salient constituents of the neural-endocrine communication system in mammals. This book deals first with the biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology of proved or putative neurotransmitters, as well as some of the techniques used for determining their synthesis or turnover in the central nervous system (CNS) of experimental animals or in man. These topics are followed by a discussion on the principal functions of the most well-known neurotransmitter containing neurons based on sophisticated techniques for neurotransmitter measurements. A chapter highlights both traditional and a vast series of developed drugs that affect both neurotransmitter and neuroendocrine function. Discussions then shift to the experimental evidence on pituitary function control by the brain through releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted by hypothalamic neuroendocrine cells; the chemical isolation, identification, and synthesis of hypothalamic neurohormones; and concepts of their mechanism of action at the level of the pituitary cells. This text further explores the role of specific brain neurotransmitters in controlling pituitary hormone secretions in both experimental animals and in man and the possible CNS site(s) where neurotransmitters and neurohormones interact for the control of anterior pituitary secretion. The concluding chapter describes the actual or potential application of neuropharmacologic approaches to the diagnosis of and therapy for specific disorders of neuroendocrine function. Clinical neuroendocrinologists and researchers and students in neuroendocrinology, neurobiology, neuropharmacology, neurophysiology, and psychiatry will find this book invaluable.

Lactation: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume IV, The Mammary Gland/Human Lactation/Milk Synthesis, forms the fourth in a series. When the first three volumes were published in 1974, publication of future volumes was not contemplated. However, the gratifying acceptance by the scientific community and the continuation of rapid advances in lactation, have provided the impetus for the continuation of the series. The present volume is concerned with general aspects of the mammary gland, human lactation, and mechanisms of milk synthesis. The volume is divided into three main parts. Part I covers some aspects of the mammary gland and lactation not discussed in the first three volumes and expands on others. Topics discussed include the development of the mammary apparatus and neuroendocrine control of lactation. Part II is devoted to more specific consideration of human lactation as a whole. It includes studies on breast feeding and the breast cancer process. Part III on milk synthesis deals with the mechanisms of milk synthesis; enzymology and control of lactose biosynthesis; molecular aspects of milk protein biosynthesis; and ion and water transport in the mammary gland.

Advances in Drug Research, Volume 12 covers articles on advances in drug research. The book presents articles on cyclic nucleotides as targets for drug design; the opposing regulatory roles of cyclic nucleotides in the heart; and the integrated control of trematode diseases. The text also includes articles about the chemical and biological studies on indomethacin, sulindac and their analogs; as well as the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, toxicity, and the effects of bromocriptine. Toxicologists, pharmacologists, physicians, and drug researchers will find the book invaluable.

Recent Progress in Hormone Research, Volume 33 covers the Proceedings of the 1976 Laurentian Hormone Conference. The book discusses the expanding significance of hypothalamic peptides; the LATS in Graves'disease; and the ontogenesis of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid function and metabolism in human, sheep, and rat. The text also describes the antimullerian hormone; the evolution of gonadotropin structure and function; and the biosynthesis of parathyroid hormone. The carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of hormone structure and function; the regulation of vasopressin function in health and disease; and some considerations of the role of the antidiuretic hormone in water homeostasis are also considered. The book further tackles the clinical significance of circulating proinsulin and C-peptide; glucagon and the A cells; and a newly recognized pancreatic polypeptide. The text then encompasses the steroid hormone actions in tissue culture cells and cell hybrids and their relation to human malignancies; and the role of hormones on digestive and urinary tract carcinogenesis. Endocrinologists, neuroendocrinologists, and oncologists will find the book invaluable.