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Microbiome Drivers of Ecosystem Function focuses on the advancements in microbial technologies towards harnessing the microbiome for improved crop productivity and health that are at the frontier of agricultural sciences. It provides insights into the diversity of endophytic microbiomes and their potential utility in agricultural production.Increased crop yield through chemical interventions have limit thresholds and alternative, natural and/or integrated approaches are increasingly needed. Microbial inoculants among the ways in which food production efficiency can be improved. Plant growth-promoting soil organisms increase net crop uptake of soil nutrients, resulting in larger crops and higher yields of harvested food. These and other symbiotic associations between plants and microbes can ultimately be exploited for the increased food production necessary to feed the world, in addition to creating safer farming techniques that minimize ecological disruption.As a volume in the Microbiome Research in Plants and Soil series, Microbiome Drivers of Ecosystem Function serves as an ideal reference for researchers and students in the fields of agricultural biotechnology, biochemistry, environmental science, plant biology, agricultural sciences, and agricultural engineering. - Provides insights on engineered microbes in sustainable agriculture, recent biotechnological developments, and future prospects - Introduces microbes as chief ecological engineers in reinstating equilibrium in degraded ecosystems - Presents the current state and development, as well as future challenges in studying plant-microbe interactions - Discusses endophytic microbiomes and other microbial consortium with multifunctional plant growth-promoting attributes

Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era, Second Edition presents techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, along with their applications and respective strengths and challenges. Though many advanced techniques for the identification of unknown bacterium are available in the genomic era, a far fewer number of the total microbial species have been discovered and identified to date. With that in mind, this book incorporates recently developed biosystematics methods and approaches to assess microbial taxonomy, with suitable recommendations for where to apply them across the range of bacterial identification and infectious disease research. Here, international researchers in the field first provide a broad overview of microbial genomics research and microbiome directed medicine, followed by sections on molecular tools for microbial diversity research, extremophilic microbial diversity, functional microbial diversity across application areas, microbial diversity and infectious disease research, and future directions for research. Step-by-step methodologies are provided for key techniques, along with applied case studies breaking down recent research studies into the practical components, illuminating pathways for new studies across the field. This new edition has been fully updated to address advances in the field of microbiome directed medicine, and whole genome sequencing for studying microbial diversity, considering both recent technological advances and new applications areas, from extremophile studies to the latest approaches in human microbiome analysis. - Instructs in techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, with discussions of their applications and respective pros and cons - Reviews the evolving field of microbial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative metagenomic analysis of complex microbial environments - Covers microbiome directed translational research, as well as whole genome sequencing for studying microbial diversity, with newly added research protocols and case studies - Reviews future applications in the field of microbiome directed medicine - Features chapter contributions from global experts in the field

Emerging Technologies in Applied and Environmental Microbiology describes various problems and solutions that arise in applied and environmental microbiology using scientific technologies. The book summarizes the main omic-based methods currently used to characterize environmental microorganisms, as well as approaches to analyzing and interpreting the bio information generated by experimentally based studies. Sections explore the current understanding of bacterial signaling through examples of communication systems that include signaling in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, along with discussions on how microorganisms interact with each other, with other organisms, and with the environment. In addition, this comprehensive resource highlights the importance of various emerging technologies for cleaning up pollution in the environment caused by human activities. Final sections assess the potential application of several existing, applied and environmental microbiological techniques and introduces new and emerging technologies through applied aspects. - Describes various problems and solutions that arise in applied and environmental microbiology using scientific technologies - Summarizes the main omics-based methods currently used to characterize environmental microorganisms, as well as approaches to analyzing and interpreting the bio information generated by experimentally based studies - Explores the current understanding of bacterial signaling through examples of communication systems that include signaling in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria - Shows the presence of all kinds of microbes in the natural environment for the removal of organic pollutants through various emerging technologies

Biotechnology of Emerging Microbes: Prospects for Agriculture and Environment provides the latest developments of leading biotechnologists and bioengineers. The book covers various aspects of microbes mediated rhizosphere, biosphere, environmental, and ecosystem biotechnology, and focuses on the restoration and management of the rhizosphere, the biosphere, and the ecosystem with microbes for a sustainable future. It is designed to address various technical and application details of microorganisms and their products in biotechnology and bioengineering approaches. Users will find up-to-date knowledge that is beneficial to beginners, researchers, students, scientists, engineers, and industry stakeholders who can support the management of ecosystems through the use of microbes. Planet Earth is undergoing an accelerated process of change associated with a wide range of anthropogenic phenomena. The future of these changes is uncertain, but there is general agreement that this negative development might be detrimental to our own survival. Although different environmental engineering strategies have been developed, none of them seem to address carbon dioxide accumulation, biosphere, and ecosystem safety. The rapidly increasing potential for the development of living systems through the biotechnology and bioengineering of microbes is a sustainable alternative to address safety issues. - Addresses various technical and application details of microorganisms and their products for biotechnology and bioengineering approaches - Brings together the ideas and latest developments of leading biotechnologists and bioengineers - Covers various aspects of microbes mediated rhizosphere, biosphere, environmental, and ecosystem biotechnology

Microbial Symbionts: Functions and Molecular Interactions on Host focuses on microbial symbionts of plants, animals, insects and molecular methods in the identification of microbial symbionts. The book describes the molecular mechanism and interactions of symbiosis of microbiome in plants, animals and humans. It brings the latest techniques for identification, localization and functional characterization of host-associated microbes and explains the role/importance of microbial symbionts. This comprehensive reference covers a wide range of symbiotic microorganisms used for basic and advanced techniques associated with the isolation, characterization and identification of microbial symbiotic microorganisms and their functions and molecular interactions on the host. The book will also helps users plan and execute experiments with appropriate knowledge rather than experimental trial and error in a wide range of disciplines, including Microbiology, Biotechnology, Botany and Zoology. - Provides basic knowledge and working protocols for a wide range of disciplines like Microbiology, Biotechnology, Botany and Zoology - Presents the most current information in symbiotic microbiome and holobiome - Includes color photos pertaining to techniques

Endophytic Association: What, Why, and How focuses on the endophytic association of plants, how they have originated inside the host, their importance, and how they are beneficial for the environment, as well as humans. The book discusses how using endophytic microbes in agricultural fields can be enriched without impacting environment negatively, and how they can be utilized for pharmaceutical purposes, including bioremediation. It includes advanced and up-to-date information, as well as future directions for young researchers and scientists who are working in the field of agriculture, pharmaceuticals, bio nanotechnology and bioremediation of environmental contaminants for environmental protection and sustainable development. - Details the underlying mechanisms of endophyte-host association and their signaling mechanisms - Describes numerous, successful field studies on the different applications of nanoparticles produced by endophytes (bio-nanotechnology) for sustainable development - Presents recent advances and challenges in endophyte-associated bio-remediation research and applications for human health - Provides information on bioactive compounds produced by endophytes for pharmaceutical purposes

Sustainable Horticulture: Microbial Inoculants and Stress Interaction gives insights into the applications and formulations of microbial inoculants. In recent years, the optimum yields of horticultural plants largely influenced by rising global temperature, biotic stress (attack of pathogens) and abiotic stresses has created extra pressure for the horticulturalist to meet the need of optimum yield production for the burgeoning global population. However, the challenges of biotic and abiotic stress factors mitigated by traditional physical or chemicals methods include high application cost and adverse impact on quality limit the frequent use, hence the solutions in this book create new avenues for progress. This book covers those challenges and how microbial based bio inoculants are broadly used in horticulture to mitigate the challenges of biotic and abiotic stresses. It provides an important contribution on how to apply efficient beneficial microbes (microbial inoculants) for a sustainable society. - Provides quality chapters from the leading academician and researchers from the different parts of the world - Gives insights on the applications and formulations of microbial inoculants - Covers the challenges of biotic and abiotic stress factors mitigated by traditional physical or chemicals methods that are costly

Forest Microbiology, Volume One: Tree Microbiome: Phyllosphere, Endosphere and Rhizosphere places an emphasis on the microbiology of leaves, needles, stems, roots, litter and soil. This comprehensive title is split into five sections, including the phyllosphere microbiome, endosphere, rhizosphere, archaea, viruses in forest ecosystem and microbiota of forest nurseries and tree pests, challenges and potentials. Microbial communities associated with various host trees and different tree tissues are compared, and generalists and specialists among tree-associated microbes are identified. In addition, biotic and abiotic factors determining the composition and the structure of forest tree microbial communities are presented, along with the concept of microbial'hubs.'Together, the book's editors have 25 years'worth of experience teaching and conducting research on forest microbiology, making this an essential read for any scientist interested in the forest microbiome. - Addresses the microbiology of living organs of forest trees including needles, leaves, stems and roots - Highlights the potential impact of microbiota inhabiting forest trees on the health and fitness of, and disease progression in, forest biomes - Focuses on the phyllosphere, endosphere and rhizosphere forest microbiome

Microbial Diversity in the Genomic Era presents insights on the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny, along with their applications and respective pros and cons. Though many advanced techniques for the identification of any unknown bacterium are available in the genomics era, a far fewer number of the total microbial species have been discovered and identified to date. The assessment of microbial taxonomy and biosystematics techniques discovered and practiced in the current genomics era with suitable recommendations is the prime focus of this book. - Discusses the techniques used for microbial taxonomy and phylogeny with their applications and respective pros and cons - Reviews the evolving field of bacterial typing and the genomic technologies that enable comparative analysis of multiple genomes and the metagenomes of complex microbial environments - Provides a uniform, standard methodology for species designation

Freshwater Microbiology: Perspectives of Bacterial Dynamics in Lake Ecosystems provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of microbial ecology in lakes. It offers basic information on how well the bacterial community composition varies along the spatio-temporal and trophic gradients along with the evaluation of the bioindicator species of bacteria so as to act as a key to predict the trophic status of lake ecosystems. The book helps to identify the factors of potential importance in structuring the bacterial communities in lakes as it delves into the dynamics and diversity of bacterial community composition in relation to various water quality parameters. It helps to identify the possibility of bioremediation plans and devising future policy decisions, with better conservation and management practices. - Provides a comprehensive and systematic analysis of microbial ecology - Helps to identify the factors of potential importance in structuring the bacterial community composition - Gives insight into the bacterial diversity of freshwater lake ecosystems along with their industrial potential - Caters to the needs and aspirations of students and professional researchers

For microbiology and environmental microbiology courses, this leading textbook builds on the academic success of the previous edition by including a comprehensive and up-to-date discussion of environmental microbiology as a discipline that has grown in scope and interest in recent years. From environmental science and microbial ecology to topics in molecular genetics, this edition relates environmental microbiology to the work of a variety of life science, ecology, and environmental science investigators. The authors and editors have taken the care to highlight links between environmental microbiology and topics important to our changing world such as bioterrorism and national security with sections on practical issues such as bioremediation, waterborne pathogens, microbial risk assessment, and environmental biotechnology.WHY ADOPT THIS EDITION? New chapters on: Urban Environmental Microbiology Bacterial Communities in Natural Ecosystems Global Change and Microbial Infectious Disease Microorganisms and Bioterrorism Extreme Environments (emphasizing the ecology of these environments) Aquatic Environments (now devoted to its own chapter- was combined with Extreme Environments) Updates to Methodologies: Nucleic Acid -Based Methods: microarrays, phyloarrays, real-time PCR, metagomics, and comparative genomics Physiological Methods: stable isotope fingerprinting and functional genomics and proteomics-based approaches Microscopic Techniques: FISH (fluorescent in situ hybridization) and atomic force microscopy Cultural Methods: new approaches to enhanced cultivation of environmental bacteria Environmental Sample Collection and Processing: added section on air sampling

Based on the thesis that insights into both evolution and ecology can be obtained through the study of microorganismsm, Microbial Ecology examines microbiology through the lens of evolutionary ecology. Measured from a microbial perspective, this text covers such topics as optimal foraging, genome, reduction, novel evolutionary mechanisms, bacterial speciation, and r and K selection. Numerous aspects of microbial existence are also discussed and include: species competition, predation, parasitism, mutualism, microbial communication through quorum sensing and other. The result is a context for understanding microbes in nature and a framework for microbiologists working in industry, medicine, and the environment. - Applies evolutionary ecological concepts to microbes - Addresses individual, population and community ecology - Presents species concepts and offers insights on the origin of life and modern microbial ecology - Examines topics such as species interactions, nutrient cycling, quorum sensing and cheating

Advances in Ecological Research

Environmental Regulation of Microbial Metabolism contains the proceedings of the Federation of European Microbiological Societies Symposium held in Pushchino, USSR, on June 1-7, 1983. The symposium provided a forum for reviewing the environmental regulation of the metabolism of autotrophic and heterotrophic microorganisms; regulation of the biogenesis of cell walls and other structures in prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms; and regulation of the secretion of macromolecules and transport of ions and solutes across microbial membranes. Comprised of 52 chapters, this book begins with an overview of some aspects of environmental regulation of microbial phosphorus metabolism, followed by a discussion on the role of covalent interconversion of enzymes in the regulation of microbial metabolism. Subsequent chapters explore the role and regulation of inorganic pyrophosphatase in bacteria; the central metabolism of pseudomonads degrading xenobiotics; the role of nickel enzymes in anaerobic metabolism; and the oxidation of aromatic compounds by microalgae. The book also considers carbon metabolism in phototrophic bacteria under different conditions of growth, along with the transport of solutes and metabolites in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This monograph will be helpful to a wide range of specialists in the fields of biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology, and biotechnology.

Methods in Microbiology