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COVID-19 is an acute severe respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. After its first appearance in Wuhan (China), it spread rapidly across the world and became a pandemic. It had a devastating effect on everyday life, public health, and the world economy. The use of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques combined with radiological imaging can be helpful in speeding-up the detection of this disease. In this study, we propose the development of recent deep learning models for automatic COVID-19 detection using computed tomography (CT) images. The proposed models are fine-tuned and optimized to provide accurate results for multiclass classification of COVID-19 vs. Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) vs. Normal cases. Tests were conducted both at the image and patient-level and show that the proposed algorithms achieve very high scores. In addition, an explainability algorithm was developed to help visualize the symptoms of the disease detected by the best performing deep model.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a medical condition due to diabetes mellitus that can damage the patient retina and cause blood leaks. This condition can cause different symptoms from mild vision problems to complete blindness if it is not timely treated. In this work, we propose the use of a deep learning architecture based on a recent convolutional neural network called EfficientNet to detect referable diabetic retinopathy (RDR) and vision-threatening DR. Tests were conducted on two public datasets, EyePACS and APTOS 2019. The obtained results achieve state-of-the-art performance and show that the proposed network leads to higher classification rates, achieving an Area Under Curve (AUC) of 0.984 for RDR and 0.990 for vision-threatening DR on EyePACS dataset. Similar performances are obtained for APTOS 2019 dataset with an AUC of 0.966 and 0.998 for referable and vision-threatening DR, respectively. An explainability algorithm was also developed and shows the efficiency of the proposed approach in detecting DR signs.