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This small-scale qualitative study focuses on educational psychologists’ (EPs’) views on developing attuned interactions with service users during remote/online consultations. Data from 10 EPs in nine EP services in England were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that participants viewed it as possible to remain attuned during remote consultation. They also reported that online consultations can help to address the power imbalance between service users and professionals. Prior experience in Video Enhanced Reflective Practice (VERP) and training in Video Interactive Guidance (VIG) were viewed by some participants as supportive. However, some EPs considered skills in being attuned to others as being inherent to the role of psychologists. Further research on EP and service users’ online experiences and tentative implications for practice are suggested, including that EP services continue to include remote consultation within the range of services that they offer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The current study examined group differences in college students' views on e-cigarettes in terms of safety, popularity, health risks, social acceptability, efficacy as a cessation aid, and promoting combustible cigarette use. Participants: 337 undergraduates (Mage = 20.84, SD = 3.79; 72.1% female; 68.5% White) divided into three groups: Never Users (n = 178), Ever Users (n = 108), and Current Users (n = 51). Methods: Participants completed questionnaires for course credit. Results: Compared to Ever and Never Users, Current Users believed e-cigarettes were safer, healthier, a useful tool to quit smoking, did not lead to combustible cigarette smoking, and that nicotine was less dangerous. Current Users also were less likely to endorse boosting social image as a motive for use. Conclusions: Public health campaigns could benefit from targeting current users' positive beliefs about e-cigarettes to reduce the prevalence of e-cigarette use among college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite the increased risk for people with an intellectual disability developing dementia, post‐diagnostic psychosocial supports such as cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) are not routinely offered and there is limited research examining this intervention with people with intellectual disabilities. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of CST for older adults with intellectual disability to support active ageing. Methods: Five client participants attended a 14‐session CST group and four staff attended a focus group. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to investigate the client and staff narratives. Results: Three key themes were generated: (1) Brain Health, (2) Connecting with others, and (3) Barriers and Enablers. Conclusion: Findings indicated the suitability of CST as a way of supporting active ageing for older adults with intellectual disability. This study adds to the growing knowledge about service provision for older adults and their changing needs as they age and identifies clinical implications such as staff training to support intervention adherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Population-based expanded carrier screening (ECS) involves screening for multiple recessive diseases offered to all couples considering a pregnancy or during pregnancy. Previous research indicates that in some countries primary care professionals are perceived as suitable providers for ECS. However, little is known about their perspectives. We therefore aimed to explore primary care professionals' views on population-based ECS. Methods Four online focus groups with 14 general practitioners (GPs) and 16 community midwives were conducted in the Netherlands. Results Our findings highlight various perspectives on the desirability of population-based ECS. Participants agreed that ECS could enhance reproductive autonomy and thereby prevent suffering of the child and/or parents. However, they also raised several ethical, societal, and psychological concerns, including a tendency towards a perfect society, stigmatization, unequal access to screening and negative psychosocial consequences. Participants believed that provision of population-based ECS would be feasible if prerequisites regarding training and reimbursement for providers would be fulfilled. most GPs considered themselves less suitable or capable of providing ECS, in contrast to midwives who did consider themselves suitable. Nevertheless, participants believed that, if implemented, ECS should be offered in primary care or by public health services rather than as hospital-based specialized care, because they believed a primary care ECS offer increases access in terms of time and location. Conclusions While participants believed that an ECS offer would be feasible, they questioned its desirability and priority. Studies on the desirability and feasibility of population-based ECS offered in primary care or public health settings are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the numerous attempts to characterize Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), the specialized literature has shown a dearth of cross-contextual studies on how stakeholders conceptualize classroom practice. This article presents the results of a two-phase comparative quantitative study on teachers' views on CLIL design, implementation and results in two different contexts, Scotland (n = 127) and Spain (n = 186). The first phase focused on the creation, pilot-testing and validation of the research tool. The second phase consisted in administering the final questionnaire and analysing the results. The primary goals were (1) to ascertain whether practitioners' perceptions on CLIL effects and classroom practices match the topics addressed by research; and (2) to analyse and compare teachers' views in the two contexts. The study offers interesting insights into the main challenges in integrating language and content. Besides providing a conceptual framework for identifiable classroom practice, findings revealed that both cohorts shared broadly similar perceptions, although the Spanish respondents showed more positive views and significantly higher support for this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Derived datasets can be defined implicitly or explicitly. An implicit definition (of dataset O in terms of datasets I) is a logical specification involving two distinguished sets of relational symbols. One set of relations is for the "source data" I, and the other is for the "interface data" O. Such a specification is a valid definition of O in terms of I, if any two models of the specification agreeing on I agree on O. In contrast, an explicit definition is a transformation (or "query" below) that produces O from I. Variants of Beth's theorem [Bet53] state that one can convert implicit definitions to explicit ones. Further, this conversion can be done effectively given a proof witnessing implicit definability in a suitable proof system. We prove the analogous implicit-to-explicit result for nested relations: implicit definitions, given in the natural logic for nested relations, can be converted to explicit definitions in the nested relational calculus (NRC). We first provide a model-theoretic argument for this result, which makes some additional connections that may be of independent interest, between NRC queries, interpretations, a standard mechanism for defining structure-to-structure translation in logic, and between interpretations and implicit to definability "up to unique isomorphism". The latter connection uses a variation of a result of Gaifman concerning "relatively categorical" theories. We also provide a proof-theoretic result that provides an effective argument: from a proof witnessing implicit definability, we can efficiently produce an NRC definition. This will involve introducing the appropriate proof system for reasoning with nested sets, along with some auxiliary Beth-type results for this system. As a consequence, we can effectively extract rewritings of NRC queries in terms of NRC views, given a proof witnessing that the query is determined by the views. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve hygro-thermal comfort in buildings, an essential role belongs to air conditioning installations. Since the thermal agent is the air treated to appropriate parameters, the pipes through which the transport is ensured have large sizes, varying in the range of approximately 100-2000 mm. For this reason, pipe elements need a geometric study, especially where changes in direction, section or shape take place. Their representation is mandatory through views and/or sections, i.e. in double or triple orthogonal projections, but for an overall view of the installation are completed with 3D representation, through various drawing programs such as computer aided design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Healthcare professionals appear to play a key role in shaping pregnant women's views and attitudes towards lifestyle issues, such as exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate the views and beliefs of Greek midwives and obstetricians regarding exercise during pregnancy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted during the period of January 2022–March 2023. For this study, 237 Greek midwives and obstetricians employed in healthcare settings in Attica, Greece completed an anonymous and self-report questionnaire. Four different/independent models of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Results: The vast majority of these healthcare professionals (88.6%) believed that exercise during pregnancy is generally beneficial. According to the multivariate analyses, healthcare professionals with postgraduate/doctoral studies were more likely to believe that (a) exercise is generally beneficial (p = 0.03), (b) pregnant women should be informed about it (p = 0.028), (c) informing pregnant women is necessary/useful (p = 0.023), and (d) pregnant women showed interest in it (p = 0.034). Also, freelance midwives were more likely to believe that pregnant women should be informed about exercise (p = 0.006), and that they showed interest in it (p = 0.034). In addition, (a) freelance midwives (p = 0.050), and those who had experience in antenatal counselling (p = 0.037), as well as (b) obstetricians who were largely experienced in monitoring normal pregnancies (p = 0.001), were less likely to associate exercise during pregnancy with the occurrence of placental abruption. Conclusion: Alongside healthcare professionals' educational level, their professional setting and professional experience emerge as key factors and need to be considered when designing innovative interventions to support exercise during pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of hermeneutics has recently become an academic focus, especially in Islamic thought and tafsir (Interpretation) circles. Because hermeneutics offers a methodology in interpreting the text of the Koran. However, not all figures use hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, more there are those who do not accept the presence of hermeneutics as a method of interpretation, this means that hermeneutics has a very negative impression in Muhammad Imarah perspective, so they criticize epistemological reasoning for the presence of hermeneutics as a theory of interpretation. Specifically, there are several fundamental aspects which are the focus point of this research, namely, First, what is the concept of hermeneutics? Second, what is the epistemology of Muhammad Imarah thinking regarding hermeneutics? This type of research is literature review-based research (Library Research) by analyzing research sources, books, journals and relevant references to answer the problems in the research. The result of this research is that Muhammad Imarah view of hermeneutics is underestimated and considers hermeneutics to be a western theory that cannot be applied in understanding the Koran, let alone in the realm of interpreting. Imarah discredits the view and understanding that in hermeneutics the position of every reader is very special and plays an important role, Imarah calls it a deified position, while the author himself is considered to be gone (dead) and the meaning and purpose that the author wants to convey are considered non-existent. Imarah's view of hermeneutics is the same as Imarah pattern of viewing other traditions and civilizations originating from the west which is not accepted by Islam and therein lies the deficiency of an Islamic thinker who is in fact a professor in the field of Islamic philosophy

With the rapid advancement of three-dimensional visual perception devices such as 3D scanners and LiDAR, the field of 3D model recognition is gradually gaining the attention of a growing number of researchers. This domain encompasses two core tasks: 3D model classification and retrieval. Since deep learning has already achieved significant success in two-dimensional visual tasks, its introduction into the realm of three-dimensional visual perception not only breaks free from the constraints of traditional methods but also makes notable strides in areas such as autonomous driving and intelligent robotics. However, the application of deep learning techniques to 3D model recognition tasks still faces several challenges. In light of this, there is a need for a comprehensive review of the application of deep learning in 3D model recognition. This review begins by discussing commonly used evaluation metrics and public datasets, providing relevant information and sources for each dataset. Subsequently, it delves into representative methods from various angles, including point clouds, views, voxels, and multimodal fusion. It also summarizes recent research development in the field. Through performance comparison on these datasets, the strengths and limitations of each method are analyzed. Finally, based on the merits and demerits of these approaches, the review outlines the challenges currently faced by 3D model recognition tasks and provides an outlook on future trends in this field.

In this paper, an exploratory study is conducted from the application of a method with potential to indicate weakness, opportunities and gaps about a specific subject. Therefore, a general perspective about the theoretical model that grounds the methodology and its description is offered. Then, the method is applied in a meticulously selected paper to identify and examine the vulnerabilities – explicit and implicit choices from author due the methodological, theoretical and empirical views – in a study about the relation between science and communication. The results point to the existence of serious problems inherent to the theory of contemporary science and to a new and emergent communication science about the communication's empirical phenomena by itself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: While intensive care unit (ICU) mortality rates in India are higher when compared to countries with more resources, fewer patients with clinically futile conditions are subjected to limitation of life-sustaining treatments or given access to palliative care. Although a few surveys and audits have been conducted exploring this phenomenon, the qualitative perspectives of ICU physicians regarding end-of-life care (EOLC) and the quality of dying are yet to be explored. Methods: There are 22 eligible consultant-level ICU physicians working in multidisciplinary ICUs were purposively recruited and interviewed. The study data was analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) with a critical realist perspective, and the study findings were interpreted using the lens of the semiotic theory that facilitated the development of themes. Results: About four themes were generated. Intensive care unit physicians perceived the quality of dying as respecting patients' and families' choices, fulfilling their needs, providing continued care beyond death, and ensuring family satisfaction. To achieve this, the EOLC process must encompass timely decision-making, communication, treatment guidelines, visitation rights, and trust-building. The contextual challenges were legal concerns, decision-making complexities, cost-related issues, and managing expectations. To improve care, ICU physicians suggested amplifying patient and family voices, building therapeutic relationships, mitigating conflicts, enhancing palliative care services, and training ICU providers in EOLC. Conclusion: Effective management of critically ill patients with life-limiting illnesses in ICUs requires a holistic approach that considers the complex interplay between the EOLC process, its desired outcome, the quality of dying, care context, and the process of meaning-making by ICU physicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

While creativity is a primary focus in music education, its exploration within the realm of music studio teaching is considerably less extensive compared with other educational contexts. Moreover, the related research is predominantly focused on creativity in developing music skills. In the present study, we explore how Spanish instrumental music teachers (n = 10) perceive creativity and its development among students in the music studio, in the absence of predefined limitations (i.e., with respect to various forms and definitions of creativity inherent in the music studio as perceived from their viewpoint). By means of a case study methodology, we gathered data over a one-year period through a questionnaire, in-depth interviews, participants' written essays, and researchers' journal entries following observations of the participants' teaching practices. Subsequently, qualitative analysis was conducted using thematic analysis. Among our main results, we found tensions between our participants' theories and their practices, evidence for an underlying individual-centered theory of creativity, both positive and negative attitudes toward the development of creativity among their students, and ignorance of creativity in music listening. Our study implications emphasize the urgency of implementing strategies to enhance teacher self-awareness and underscore the need for further investigation into music studio teaching with a specific focus on creativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Frontiers of Computer Science & Technology is the property of Beijing Journal of Computer Engineering & Applications Journal Co Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Hypnosis is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Adopting the social constructionist approach, this study reports on Bhutanese teachers' views about the inclusion of students on the autism spectrum in regular schools. Following an exploratory sequential mixed-methods approach, 16 teachers from seven inclusive schools in Bhutan were interviewed and the analysis of their responses guided the development of an online survey instrument completed by 106 Bhutanese educators in 18 schools. Teachers' views about the inclusion of students on the autism spectrum seemed to be influenced by the social, educational, and religious context of Bhutan. Although teachers generally supported inclusion, they also expressed confusion and uncertainty about the best placement in schools for students on the autism spectrum. The implications of findings for the importance of increasing support for teacher training and allocation of adequate resources to schools are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Diabetes is a non-communicable disease of global public health importance. Healthcare workers play a vital role in the management of this disease. Aim: This study aimed to explore healthcare workers’ views on managing patients with type 2 diabetes at primary health care facilities. Setting: The study was conducted at two primary health care facilities in Mthatha, South Africa. Methods: This exploratory descriptive qualitative study included 28 primary health care workers. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group discussions and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Results: Study participants’ views of poor control of type 2 diabetes mellitus were categorised under patient- and healthcare system-related factors. The patient-related factors included poor adherence to an ideal diabetic diet, poor medication adherence, a lack of personal glucometers, and dearth of support systems. The healthcare system-related factors identified were inadequate patient education, long waiting times at the health facilities, high patient volumes, limited resources, and delayed service provision. Proposed solutions to address poor control of diabetes included improving patient health education, providing diabetic patients with glucometers, multi-stakeholder management of diabetes, allocating designated areas for patients with chronic illnesses, improved resource allocation, and regular staff training. Conclusion: Study participants perceived an improved level of control of diabetes among patients managed at the Community Health Centres. When designing interventions for the management of diabetes, both patient and healthcare system-related factors and the proposed solutions should be considered. Contribution: This study’s findings could promote better management of diabetes at the primary health care level.

To achieve hygro-thermal comfort in buildings, an essential role belongs to air conditioning installations. Since the thermal agent is the air treated to appropriate parameters, the pipes through which the transport is ensured have large sizes, varying in the range of approximately 100-2000 mm. For this reason, pipe elements need a geometric study, especially where changes in direction, section or shape take place. Their representation is mandatory through views and/or sections, i.e. in double or triple orthogonal projections, but for an overall view of the installation are completed with 3D representation, through various drawing programs such as computer aided design.

Abstract Introduction Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are getting increasingly important for mental health care. In the case of eating disorders (EDs), DMHIs are still in early stages. Few studies so far investigated the views of mental health professionals for EDs on the integration of DMHIs in routine care. Objective To gain insights into the experiences, perspectives, and expectations of mental health professionals for EDs regarding DMHIs and to identify requirements for the future integration of DMHIs into routine care. Methods Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with 24 German mental health professionals treating patients with EDs were conducted. A content analysis following a deductive-inductive approach asked for experiences, advantages and chances, disadvantages and boundaries, desired functions and properties, target groups, and general conditions and requirements for DMHIs for patients with EDs. Results Only few professionals reported experiences with DMHIs besides video-based psychotherapy during the pandemic. From the therapists’ point of view, DMHIs have the potential to deliver low-threshold access for patients with EDs. Useful functionalities were seen in digital meal records, skills training, and psychoeducation. However, a stable therapeutic alliance was reported as an important prerequisite for the successful integration into care. Therapists expressed concerns in case of severe anorexia nervosa or suicidality. The participants felt to be informed inadequately on recent developments and on the evidence base of DMHIs. Conclusions Mental health professionals for EDs show positive attitudes towards DMHIs, however many barriers to the integration in routine care were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use of DMHIs in addition to outpatient care and in aftercare. Specific requirements for DMHIs are related to different areas of the healthcare spectrum and for the different symptom profiles in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Targeted DMHIs are needed and appropriate especially for concepts of blended care.

This study aims to investigate teachers’ views about the implementation of collaborative learning in English classes. Collaborative learning helps students to improve their English language performance. The data was collected through observation, questionnaires, and interview. The quantitative data were analyzed using percentage and frequency. Theme analysis technique was used to analyze the qualitative data. The result of the study indicated that most EFL teachers widely implement students’ collaborative learning, but the type of collaborative learning they are implementing is not collaborative group learning. Most of the teachers simply make their students to sit side by side to talk with each other as they do their individual assignments, and some teachers assign a task to groups. Then, one or two of the group members do the work and the other group members get equal credit. Although each of these is important in collaborative learning, they do not qualify collaborative learning rather traditional group learning. The data obtained from teachers’ interview revealed that teachers widely implement both informal and base group collaborative learning since most of the teachers allow their students to work collaborative from few minutes to a class period and most of the groups (‘Net works’) formed are with stable membership for the semester. In addition to this, some teachers were not playing their roles as they are expected. Teachers and other concerned bodies ought to deliver sorts of orientations to the students about the importance of collaborative learning to maximize their views before implementing collaborative learning.

Introduction: Digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are getting increasingly important for mental health care. In the case of eating disorders (EDs), DMHIs are still in early stages. Few studies so far investigated the views of mental health professionals for EDs on the integration of DMHIs in routine care. Objective: To gain insights into the experiences, perspectives, and expectations of mental health professionals for EDs regarding DMHIs and to identify requirements for the future integration of DMHIs into routine care. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative telephone interviews with 24 German mental health professionals treating patients with EDs were conducted. A content analysis following a deductive-inductive approach asked for experiences, advantages and chances, disadvantages and boundaries, desired functions and properties, target groups, and general conditions and requirements for DMHIs for patients with EDs. Results: Only few professionals reported experiences with DMHIs besides video-based psychotherapy during the pandemic. From the therapists' point of view, DMHIs have the potential to deliver low-threshold access for patients with EDs. Useful functionalities were seen in digital meal records, skills training, and psychoeducation. However, a stable therapeutic alliance was reported as an important prerequisite for the successful integration into care. Therapists expressed concerns in case of severe anorexia nervosa or suicidality. The participants felt to be informed inadequately on recent developments and on the evidence base of DMHIs. Conclusions: Mental health professionals for EDs show positive attitudes towards DMHIs, however many barriers to the integration in routine care were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use of DMHIs in addition to outpatient care and in aftercare. Specific requirements for DMHIs are related to different areas of the healthcare spectrum and for the different symptom profiles in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Targeted DMHIs are needed and appropriate especially for concepts of blended care. Plain English Summary: Digital mental health interventions are therapeutic services for people with a mental disorder that can be delivered on electronic devices. They are getting increasingly important, as many patients have to wait long for a therapy. In eating disorders these interventions are still in early stages. Twenty-four telephone interviews were held with German professionals treating adolescent and adult patients with eating disorders. The aim was to understand their experiences, perspectives, and expectations regarding digital mental health interventions and to find out what is needed to integrate them into care in the future. In general, the interview partners showed positive attitudes towards these interventions. However, only few reported experiences and many obstacles were observed. The highest potential was seen for the use in addition to care outside the hospital setting and after treatment has ended. However, in case of a severe eating disorder, such as anorexia, or self-harm and suicidality, they were against the use of digital interventions. A stable personal relationship to their patients was seen as particularly important before recommending a digital intervention. Finally, the interview partners felt not informed in a sufficient way on the scientific basis and regulations regarding digital mental health interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dairy farms have become more reliant on technology. The overall aim of this study was to better understand how dairy farmers view technology and its effects on animal care, including their views on the prospect of integrating gene-editing technology in the future. Virtual-semistructured interviews were conducted with dairy farmers (n = 11) from British Columbia and Alberta. To facilitate discussion, the participants were asked to develop and discuss a timeline describing when and why various technologies were adopted on their farm. Although farmers defined technology broadly and affecting multiple aspects of farm management, this paper focuses on their views regarding how technology can affect animal care. Following thematic analysis of the data, the following 3 themes emerged: (1) the changing role of the farmer (including intergenerational considerations and learning new technology), (2) the effect of technology on the cow and her relationship with the farmer and, (3) technology as the future of the farm. The discussions also highlight the concerns that some farmers have regarding challenges associated with reduced human-animal interactions and effective use of the large amounts of data that are collected through technology. We also specifically asked the participants their views about gene editing as a potential future technology. Most of the participants did not specifically address their views on gene editing, but they spoke about the effect on genetic technologies more generally, often making references to genomic testing. However, some questioned how this technology may affect farmers more generally and spoke about how it could affect human-animal relationships. These results illustrate differences among farmers in the way they view technology and how this can affect the dairy cattle they care for. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is limited research on what, when and how outcomes should be measured in psychological therapy trials in acute mental health inpatient wards. Objectives: This study aimed to consider what outcomes service users think are important to measure. Methods: This qualitative study explored the views of 14 participants, who had an inpatient admission within the last year, on outcomes of psychological therapies using semistructured interviews. Data were analysed using thematic analysis from a critical realist perspective with both inductive and deductive coding. Results: The 126 outcomes that were important to participants were mapped onto an established taxonomy of outcomes across different health areas and the socioecological framework to consider the wider context and help summarise the outcomes. Most of the outcomes were mapped to the intrapersonal and interpersonal level. In addition to the outcome mapping, three themes were constructed from the qualitative data: (1) I am not a problem I am a person, (2) Feeling cared for and loved, (3) What does getting better look like. Conclusions: Our results highlight the need for patient‐reported outcomes which are cocreated with service users, disseminating research and training on preventing dehumanising experiences, enhancing psychological safety and therapeutic relationships and improving access to psychological therapy. Patient or Public Contribution: The wider People with Personal Experience Involvement Committee at the University of Bath were consulted which included a focus group during the early planning stages. We also collaborated with a person with personal experience, at every stage of the research. This included developing our research question and aims, protocol, participant documents (e.g., information and debrief forms), advertisement and recruitment strategy, interview topic guide, the codes, the final themes and quotes and reviewing the manuscript. People with lived experience of being admitted to an acute mental health inpatient ward participated in our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There have been mounting concerns over the lack of proper facilities for adolescents living with intellectual disability (ALWID), and the struggles particularly of the developing world to provide care and rehabilitation services for this population. Care and rehabilitation services are needed to improve this population's normal functioning but have been scarce or non-existent in most communities. Objectives: This study aimed to solicit and describe nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering care and rehabilitation services to ALWID. The study was based on Julian Rappaport's empowerment theory, which provided a framework for organising essential knowledge while rendering care and rehabilitation services for ALWID. Method: A qualitative, explorative design was used to solicit nurse managers' views of the challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID in Tshwane District, Gauteng province, South Africa. Thirteen participants were purposively selected from three rehabilitation centres. Results: Data were analysed thematically using Braun and Clarke's six-step method. Five themes emerged relating to challenges and opportunities in rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. Two themes focussed on challenges, namely inadequate age-appropriate rehabilitation services and a lack of material and non-material resources. Strengthened support systems, partnerships with outside stakeholders, and the promotion of physical activities emerged as opportunities for rendering rehabilitation services to ALWID. Conclusion: Nurse managers believe rehabilitation services empower ALWID towards autonomy, enhancing their societal function and quality of life with a crucial strong support system. Contribution: Nurse managers should lead in creating collaboration platforms for ALWID care, promoting partnerships, sharing best practices, and overcoming challenges in treatment and rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Mental health difficulties are highly prevalent worldwide. Passive sensing technologies and applied artificial intelligence (AI) methods can provide an innovative means of supporting the management of mental health problems and enhancing the quality of care. However, the views of stakeholders are important in understanding the potential barriers to and facilitators of their implementation. Objective: This study aims to review, critically appraise, and synthesize qualitative findings relating to the views of mental health care professionals on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care. Methods: A systematic search of qualitative studies was performed using 4 databases. A meta-synthesis approach was used, whereby studies were analyzed using an inductive thematic analysis approach within a critical realist epistemological framework. Results: Overall, 10 studies met the eligibility criteria. The 3 main themes were uses of passive sensing and AI in clinical practice, barriers to and facilitators of use in practice, and consequences for service users. A total of 5 subthemes were identified: barriers, facilitators, empowerment, risk to well-being, and data privacy and protection issues. Conclusions: Although clinicians are open-minded about the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, important factors to consider are service user well-being, clinician workloads, and therapeutic relationships. Service users and clinicians must be involved in the development of digital technologies and systems to ensure ease of use. The development of, and training in, clear policies and guidelines on the use of passive sensing and AI in mental health care, including risk management and data security procedures, will also be key to facilitating clinician engagement. The means for clinicians and service users to provide feedback on how the use of passive sensing and AI in practice is being received should also be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflective practice is an essential catalyst through which the benefits of teaching and learning can be reaped. Through it, weaknesses and strengths can be identified in a way that helps raise the level of addressing challenges that may arise as well as overcome them. This paper presents the critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers from their point of view in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. To this extent, the study aims to determine the degree of critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers in Riyadh from their perspective. The paper also seeks to investigate the effects of variables such as gender, qualifications and experience on the perceptions of the aforementioned teachers, towards the critical reflective practices among computer science secondary school teachers. The study tool is a questionnaire which consisted of two dimensions and was distributed to a population of 739 participants. From this, the study sample comprised (223) computer science teachers working in secondary school in Riyadh. The findings revealed that there is no significant difference in the estimation degree concerning the critical reflective practices due to the gender. From the results, it was also established that there is no significant difference in the degree of estimation in relation to the critical reflective practices due to educational qualification variables. On the contrary however, there is a significant difference in the degree of estimation in regard to the critical reflective practices due to the years of experience variable. These differences were evident in a group of those with more than 10 years of experience. The other findings produced by the study highlight that the participants are in agreement about the importance of critical reflective practices. The degree of reflective practice, which is from the participants' point of view, is considered to be of a high value. The majority of the subjects opted to agree with the practice of reflection after a training session. It was determined from the results that some of the most common strategies favored by practitioners involved the communal practice of mind reflection with individuals from outside the school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: People living with mental illness (PWMI) have significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, yet mental healthcare providers (MHCPs) do not regularly prescribe exercise, despite its proven health benefits. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate South African MHCPs’ views regarding exercise for PWMI. Setting: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted across five public sector specialised psychiatric units in Gauteng. Methods: Mental healthcare providers were surveyed using the Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire – Health Professionals Version. Results: Most participants were nurses (49.1%) and doctors (26.2%) and reported no prior formal training in exercise prescription (79.4%). The vast majority (up to 89.7%) agreed regarding the physical benefits of exercise, particularly cardiometabolic benefits. The most common barriers, as perceived by MHCPs, to exercise participation for PWMI were: stigma (56.5%) and medication side effects (56.5%). The majority (76.2%) reported prescribing exercise for PWMI at least ‘occasionally’. The method most frequently used was personal discussion (77.3%) and aerobic exercise was most frequently recommended (81.0%). Specific instructions regarding physical activity recommendations however were often not provided. Regarding MHCPs personal exercise habits, only a third (34%) met physical activity guidelines. Most MHCPs (92.1%) indicated an interest in further training regarding exercise for PWMI. Conclusion: Mental healthcare providers were supportive of exercise for PWMI. Strategies to address the stigma around mental illness and medication side-effects, to improve training regarding exercise prescription, as well as the exercise habits of MHCPs themselves, and collaboration with exercise professionals and organisations are recommended. Contribution: This study provides insight into the views of South African MHCPs regarding exercise for PWMI.

Background: Healthcare professionals appear to play a key role in shaping pregnant women’s views and attitudes towards lifestyle issues, such as exercise. The aim of this study is to investigate the views and beliefs of Greek midwives and obstetricians regarding exercise during pregnancy. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted during the period of January 2022–March 2023. For this study, 237 Greek midwives and obstetricians employed in healthcare settings in Attica, Greece completed an anonymous and self-report questionnaire. Four different/independent models of multivariate analyses of variance were conducted. Results: The vast majority of these healthcare professionals (88.6%) believed that exercise during pregnancy is generally beneficial. According to the multivariate analyses, healthcare professionals with postgraduate/doctoral studies were more likely to believe that (a) exercise is generally beneficial (p = 0.03), (b) pregnant women should be informed about it (p = 0.028), (c) informing pregnant women is necessary/useful (p = 0.023), and (d) pregnant women showed interest in it (p = 0.034). Also, freelance midwives were more likely to believe that pregnant women should be informed about exercise (p = 0.006), and that they showed interest in it (p = 0.034). In addition, (a) freelance midwives (p = 0.050), and those who had experience in antenatal counselling (p = 0.037), as well as (b) obstetricians who were largely experienced in monitoring normal pregnancies (p = 0.001), were less likely to associate exercise during pregnancy with the occurrence of placental abruption. Conclusion: Alongside healthcare professionals’ educational level, their professional setting and professional experience emerge as key factors and need to be considered when designing innovative interventions to support exercise during pregnancy.

Background: Population-based expanded carrier screening (ECS) involves screening for multiple recessive diseases offered to all couples considering a pregnancy or during pregnancy. Previous research indicates that in some countries primary care professionals are perceived as suitable providers for ECS. However, little is known about their perspectives. We therefore aimed to explore primary care professionals' views on population-based ECS., Methods: Four online focus groups with 14 general practitioners (GPs) and 16 community midwives were conducted in the Netherlands., Results: Our findings highlight various perspectives on the desirability of population-based ECS. Participants agreed that ECS could enhance reproductive autonomy and thereby prevent suffering of the child and/or parents. However, they also raised several ethical, societal, and psychological concerns, including a tendency towards a perfect society, stigmatization, unequal access to screening and negative psychosocial consequences. Participants believed that provision of population-based ECS would be feasible if prerequisites regarding training and reimbursement for providers would be fulfilled. most GPs considered themselves less suitable or capable of providing ECS, in contrast to midwives who did consider themselves suitable. Nevertheless, participants believed that, if implemented, ECS should be offered in primary care or by public health services rather than as hospital-based specialized care, because they believed a primary care ECS offer increases access in terms of time and location., Conclusions: While participants believed that an ECS offer would be feasible, they questioned its desirability and priority. Studies on the desirability and feasibility of population-based ECS offered in primary care or public health settings are needed., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Background:  Diabetes is a non-communicable disease of global public health importance. Healthcare workers play a vital role in the management of this disease., Aim:  This study aimed to explore healthcare workers' views on managing patients with type 2 diabetes at primary health care facilities., Setting:  The study was conducted at two primary health care facilities in Mthatha, South Africa., Methods:  This exploratory descriptive qualitative study included 28 primary health care workers. Data were collected through individual interviews and focus group discussions and analysed using a thematic analysis approach., Results:  Study participants' views of poor control of type 2 diabetes mellitus were categorised under patient- and healthcare system-related factors. The patient-related factors included poor adherence to an ideal diabetic diet, poor medication adherence, a lack of personal glucometers, and dearth of support systems. The healthcare system-related factors identified were inadequate patient education, long waiting times at the health facilities, high patient volumes, limited resources, and delayed service provision. Proposed solutions to address poor control of diabetes included improving patient health education, providing diabetic patients with glucometers, multi-stakeholder management of diabetes, allocating designated areas for patients with chronic illnesses, improved resource allocation, and regular staff training., Conclusion:  Study participants perceived an improved level of control of diabetes among patients managed at the Community Health Centres. When designing interventions for the management of diabetes, both patient and healthcare system-related factors and the proposed solutions should be considered.Contribution: This study's findings could promote better management of diabetes at the primary health care level.

Background: People living with mental illness (PWMI) have significantly reduced life expectancy compared to the general population, yet mental healthcare providers (MHCPs) do not regularly prescribe exercise, despite its proven health benefits., Aim: This study aimed to evaluate South African MHCPs' views regarding exercise for PWMI., Setting: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted across five public sector specialised psychiatric units in Gauteng., Methods: Mental healthcare providers were surveyed using the Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire - Health Professionals Version., Results: Most participants were nurses (49.1%) and doctors (26.2%) and reported no prior formal training in exercise prescription (79.4%). The vast majority (up to 89.7%) agreed regarding the physical benefits of exercise, particularly cardiometabolic benefits. The most common barriers, as perceived by MHCPs, to exercise participation for PWMI were: stigma (56.5%) and medication side effects (56.5%). The majority (76.2%) reported prescribing exercise for PWMI at least 'occasionally'. The method most frequently used was personal discussion (77.3%) and aerobic exercise was most frequently recommended (81.0%). Specific instructions regarding physical activity recommendations however were often not provided. Regarding MHCPs personal exercise habits, only a third (34%) met physical activity guidelines. Most MHCPs (92.1%) indicated an interest in further training regarding exercise for PWMI., Conclusion: Mental healthcare providers were supportive of exercise for PWMI. Strategies to address the stigma around mental illness and medication side-effects, to improve training regarding exercise prescription, as well as the exercise habits of MHCPs themselves, and collaboration with exercise professionals and organisations are recommended., Contribution: This study provides insight into the views of South African MHCPs regarding exercise for PWMI., Competing Interests: The author declare that they have no financial or personal relationship(s) that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article., (© 2024. The Author.)

This letter to the editor with reference to Mahalakshmi et al. (2023) provides two additional views. In a tech-savvy world study in this field is of importance yet there is a huge gap. Such study should also consider screen time engagement of hospitalized patients given their predisposed physical condition in addition to student survey. Genetic analysis should also be included along with the questionnaire and counselling-based surveys. Thus, considering the known study pipeline and focusing on the two afore-mentioned aspects such research should be considered as a "High Priority" area., Competing Interests: There is no conflict of interest., (© 2024 Biomedical Informatics.)