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The development of light-field imaging principles has provided new insights and directions for diagnostic multi-physical fields. The light-field camera, based on the principles of light-field imaging, captures the angle information of incident light rays, through a micro-lens array between the main lens and the sensor. Researchers have developed various multi-physics diagnostic techniques based on the principles of light-field imaging. Firstly, the light-field particle image velocimetry (LF-PIV) technique was introduced. It utilized a light-field camera to capture particle images of a complex three-dimensional flow field. Applying three-dimensional calibration, reconstruction and cross-correlation algorithms subsequently gene-rated the three-dimensional velocity field. It ensures measurement accuracy while capturing a three-dimensional three-component velocity field. Moreover, it effectively reduces the device size for velocity field measurements within constrained spaces. Secondly, the application of light-field cameras in the field of shape measurements was introduced. The light-field camera can capture three-dimensional point cloud information of the object′s surface by a single camera and a single shot. This not only significantly reduces measurement time but also simplifies imaging equipment, enabling three-dimensional topography measurement of film-cooling holes. Thirdly, applying light-field camera in the field of temperature measurement can simplify spectral separation methods, leading to the streamlining of temperature measurement systems. Finally, the light-field multi-physics diagnostic technology was summarized, and the endoscopic light-field and meta-lens-based light-field diagnostic technology was prospected.

Abstract Background ​The applicability of laparoscopy to nonmetastatic T4a patients with gastric cancer remains unclear due to the lack of high-quality evidence. The purpose of this study was to compare the survival rates of laparoscopic gastrectomy (LG) versus open gastrectomy (OG) for these patients through a meta-analysis of reconstructed individual participant data from propensity score-matched studies. Methods PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library and CNKI were examined for relevant studies without language restrictions through July 25, 2023. Individual participant data on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were extracted from the published Kaplan-Meier survival curves. One-stage and two-stage meta-analyses were performed. In addition, data regarding surgical outcomes and recurrence patterns were also collected, which were meta-analyzed using traditional aggregated data. Results Six studies comprising 1860 patients were included for analysis. In the one-stage meta-analyses, the results demonstrated that LG was associated with a significantly better DFS (Random-effects model: P = 0.027; Restricted mean survival time [RMST] up to 5 years: P = 0.033) and a comparable OS (Random-effects model: P = 0.135; RMST up to 5 years: P = 0.053) than OG for T4a gastric cancer patients. Two-stage meta-analyses resulted in similar results, with a 13% reduced hazard of cancer-related death (P = 0.04) and 10% reduced hazard of overall mortality (P = 0.11) in the LG group. For secondary outcomes, the pooled results showed an association of LG with less estimated blood loss, faster postoperative recovery and more retrieved lymph nodes. Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery for patients with nonmetastatic T4a disease is associated with a potential survival benefit and improved surgical outcomes.

Evaluation of landslide susceptibility is essential to planning of land and space utilization. For this purpose, the paper presents a case study from Fugu County, Shaanxi Province, China. Firstly, the geological environment and current state of landslides in Fugu County were investigated. Then, slope, aspect, terrain relief, curvature, lithology, land type, and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were considered as the landslide susceptibility condition factors, and the correlation between these carried out by using Multicollinearity Analysis method. Next, landslide and non-landslide samples were divided into training samples and testing samples according to the sample ratios of 8/2, 7/3, 6/4, and 5/5, respectively. The landslide susceptibility mapping was carried out by using Random Forest (RF) model and Frequency Ratio coupled with Random Forest (FR-RF) model, respectively. Lastly, the landslide density (LD), landslide frequency ratio (LFR), the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator, and other indicators were used to validate the rationality, accuracy, and performance of the landslide susceptibility maps produced from different models and ratios. The results indicated that all maps are reasonable, except the map when ratio is 5/5. For each map, regardless of ratios, the LD and LFR are the greatest in the zones classed as having a very high susceptibility, followed by those with a high, moderate, low, and very low classes.In the Random Forest (RF) model, when the training test set is not at the same time its in the area of extremely high sensitivity of LD and the size of the FR value respectively 7/3 (201.026) ​> ​8/2 (154.440) ​> ​6/4 (93.696) >5/5 (136.364) and 7/3 (4.806) ​> ​8/2 (3.692) ​> ​6/4 (3.260) ​> ​5/5 (2.240); in the Frequency Ratio coupled with Random Forest (FR-RF) model, Inall the training test sets the size of the proportion of LD and FR value respectively 7/3 (145.693) ​> ​6/4 (127.151) ​> ​5/5 (122.857) ​> ​8/2 (113.263) and 7/3 (3.334) ​> ​6/4 (3.073) ​> ​5/5 (2.811) ​> ​8/2 (2.592). What else, from the comparison of ROC curves, when ratio is 7/3, the accuracy of the two models is higher than that of other ratios. Similarly, the results of the ensemble model (A combination of two models with different learning abilities.) are not more reasonable than the results of the single model, which reflects that the combination of a weaker learner model (Frequency Ratio model here) with a stronger learner model (Random Forest model here) can diminish the performance of the stronger model.

The mountainous areas of the Loess Plateau in China are crisscrossed with ravines, fragile ecological environment, and frequent landslide hazards. Landslides often cause building collapses and casualties, seriously affecting the sustainability of economic and social development in the region. In order to study the damage of loess landslides to village and town buildings, the paper takes the Xingwang landslide in Fugu County, Shaanxi Province, China as an example, and uses discrete element method and finite element method to study the dynamic process of landslide and its damage to houses. Firstly, the geological characteristics of the landslide were identified by means of investigation, surveying, engineering exploration and geotechnical testing. Secondly, a three-dimensional numerical model of the landslide area was established by using the particle flow code system (PFC3D). Finally, the entire movement process of the landslide was simulated, and the impact damage to houses induced from landslide was analyzed and predicted. The results show that the whole movement of the landslide lasted a total of 180 s, with a maximum average velocity of 2.01 m/s and a maximum average displacement of 73.7 m. The first and second rows of houses located at the foot of the landslide will suffer serious damage, with most bricks displacement ranging from 0.1 to 2.5 m and a maximum displacement of 10.3 m, posing a serious safety risk to the houses. Only a portion of the third row houses will be damaged, and the fourth row houses will not be threatened by landslide. By comparing with the prediction results of other methods and the current situation of buildings deformation, the results of this paper have a certain credibility. This study provides a numerical method for quantitative assessment of the risk and building damage for loess landslide, which can be used as a reference. It also provides technical support for formulating hazard prevention and reduction plans for the Xingwang landslide.

Steam curing can accelerate the hydration reaction rate of concrete, enhancing the production efficiency of prefabricated T-beams. Excessive temperature differences during steam curing could lead to early cracking of concrete and affect the durability of structures. This paper conducted experiments and numerical simulations to study the variation law of the early-age temperature field of T-beams concrete, and the aim was to seek effective steam curing schemes. The time-history law of early-age temperature variation of T-beam under the coupling effect of hydration heat and ambient temperature was measured. The early-age temperature field of T-beam during steam curing was simulated by ABAQUS and UMATHT subroutine. The effect of steam curing parametric on the early-age temperature field was discussed by five steam curing schemes. The conclusions indicated that under the effect of steam curing, the temperature difference between the interior and the surface of T-beam concrete decreased. The early temperature variation of T-beam was mostly influenced by the thermostatic temperature and thermostatic time. When the thermostatic time is set to 5 h and the thermostatic temperature exceeds 60 °C, there will be a temperature difference of over 25 °C between the surface of the T-beam and the ambient environment, which can cause cracking of the concrete surface. When the thermostatic temperature is set to 50 °C, it is recommended that the thermostatic time should not exceed 10 h.

Abstract Background Distal gastrectomy (DG) is a commonly used surgical procedure for gastric cancer (GC), with three reconstruction methods available: Billroth I, Billroth II, and Roux-en-Y. In 2018, our team published a systematic review to provide guidance for clinical practice on the optimal reconstruction method after DG for GC. However, since then, new evidence from several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has emerged, prompting us to conduct an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis to provide the latest comparative estimates of the efficacy and safety of the three reconstruction methods after DG for GC. Method This systematic review and network meta-analysis update followed the PRISMA-P guidelines and will include a search of PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for RCTs comparing the outcomes of Billroth I, Billroth II, or Roux-en-Y reconstruction after DG for patients with GC. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts based on predefined eligibility criteria, and two reviewers will assess the full texts of relevant studies. The Bayesian network meta-analysis will evaluate various outcomes, including quality of life after surgery, anastomotic leakage within 30 days after surgery, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, major postoperative complications within 30 days after surgery, incidence and severity of bile reflux, and loss of body weight from baseline. Ethics and dissemination The review does not require ethical approval. The findings of the review will be disseminated through publication in an academic journal, presentations at conferences, and various media outlets. INPLASY registration number INPLASY2021100060.

BackgroundThe concepts of “individualization” and “preventive treatment” should be incorporated into the precise diagnosis and treatment of coronary heart disease (CHD). Both hemodynamics and Chinese medicine constitution studies align with these two concepts.MethodsThis study utilized data from 81 patients with CHD, including 12 patients with balanced constitution (BC), 20 patients with blood stasis constitution (BSC), 17 patients with phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC), 15 patients with qi-deficiency constitution (QDC), and 17 patients with other constitutions. Clinical data provided information on the patients' blood property, heart function, degree of coronary stenosis, coronary hemodynamics, and so on. These parameters were compared between patients with balanced constitution vs. biased constitutions as well as between those with blood stasis constitution, phlegm-dampness constitution, and qi-deficiency constitution.ResultsCompared to biased constitution (BC), patients with balanced constitution exhibited lower total cholesterol (TC) levels and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. Additionally, they had lighter stenosis degrees in the Left anterior descending branch (LAD) and Left circumflex branch (LCX) branches. The hemodynamic condition of the LAD and LCX was better for those with balanced constitution; however there was no difference in heart function. Among the groups categorized by blood stasis, phlegm dampness or qi deficiency constituions, patients classified under phlegm dampness had higher levels of LDL compared to those classified under blood stasis or qi deficiency, while patients classified under qi deficiency had higher levels of blood glucose compared to those classified under blood stasis or phlegm dampness. Hemodynamic environments also differed among the LAD and LCX for each group but there were no significant differences observed in heart function or degree of coronary stenosis among these three groups.ConclusionThe balanced constitution demonstrates superior blood property, degree of coronary artery stenosis, and coronary hemodynamics compared to the biased constitution. Furthermore, among the three constitutions with CHD, variations in blood property and certain hemodynamic parameters are observed. These findings emphasize the significant clinical value of incorporating physical factors into the diagnosis and treatment of patients with CHD.

C41H42O2Si, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 14.1100(17) Å, b = 15.8352(19) Å, c = 16.644(2) Å, β = 110.659(2)°, V = 3479.7(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0540, wRref(F2) = 0.1633, T = 296.15 K.

C37H36Cl2OSi, monoclinic P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.4363(14) Å, b = 17.128(2) Å, c = 17.875(3) Å, β = 90.934(2)°, V = 3194.8(8) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0491, wRref(F2) = 0.1449, T = 296.15 K.

Robots execute diverse load operations, including carrying, lifting, tilting, and moving objects, involving load changes or transfers. This dynamic process can result in the shift of interactive operations from stability to instability. In this paper, we respond to these dynamic changes by utilizing tactile images captured from tactile sensors during interactions, conducting a study on the dynamic stability and instability in operations, and propose a real-time dynamic state sensing network by integrating convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for spatial feature extraction and long short-term memory (LSTM) networks to capture temporal information. We collect a dataset capturing the entire transition from stable to unstable states during interaction. Employing a sliding window, we sample consecutive frames from the collected dataset and feed them into the network for the state change predictions of robots. The network achieves both real-time temporal sequence prediction at 31.84 ms per inference step and an average classification accuracy of 98.90%. Our experiments demonstrate the network’s robustness, maintaining high accuracy even with previously unseen objects.

Salting pretreatment is an effective method to improve the quality of frozen fish. This study investigated the quality changes and proteomic profile differences of frozen yellowfin tuna fillets pretreated with ultrasound-assisted salting (UAS) and static salting (SS). This study was centered on three aspects: physicochemical indicators’ determination, histological observation, and proteomic analysis. The results showed that UAS significantly increased yield, salt content, and water-holding capacity (WHC), decreased total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN) compared to SS (p < 0.05), and significantly increased water in the protein matrix within myofibrils. Histological observations showed that the tissue cells in the UAS group were less affected by frozen damage, with a more swollen structure and rougher surface of myofibrils observed. Furthermore, 4D label-free proteomics revealed 56 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in UAS vs. NT comparison, mainly structural proteins, metabolic enzymes, proteasomes, and their subunits, which are associated with metabolic pathways such as calcium signaling pathway, gap junction, actin cytoskeletal regulation, and necroptosis, which are intimately associated with quality changes in freeze-stored tuna fillets. In brief, UAS enhances the potential for the application of salting pretreatment to improve frozen meat quality, and 4D label-free proteomics provides knowledge to reveal the potential links between quality and molecular changes in processed frozen meat to optimize future UAS meat processing.