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BACKGROUND: Isopropyl 4‐(2‐chloro‐6‐(1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐yl)benzamido)benzoate (TPB) was a 1,2,4‐triazole benzoyl arylamine derivative with excellent antifungal activity, especially against Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici (Ggt). Its mechanism of action was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, assays of sterol composition, cell membrane permeability, intracellular ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential, and mPTP permeability, ROS measurement, RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) analysis. RESULTS: TPB interfered with ergosterol synthesis, reducing ergosterol content, increasing toxic intermediates, and finally causing biomembrane disruption such as increasing cell membrane permeability and content leakage, and destruction of organelle membranes such as coarse endoplasmic reticulum and vacuole. Moreover, TPB destroyed the function of adenine nucleotide transferase (ANT), leading to ATP transport obstruction in mitochondria, inhibiting mPTP opening, inducing intracellular ROS accumulation and mitochondrial membrane potential loss, finally resulting in mitochondrial damage including mitochondria swelled, mitochondrial membrane dissolved, and cristae destroyed and reduced. RNA‐seq analyses showed that TPB increased the expression of ERG11, ERG24, ERG6, ERG5, ERG3 and ERG2 genes in ergosterol synthesis pathway, interfered with the expression of genes (NDUFS5, ATPeV0E, NCA2 and Pam17) related to mitochondrial structure, and inhibited the expression of genes (WrbA and GST) related to anti‐oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS: TPB exhibited excellent antifungal activity against Ggt by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis and destroying ANT function. So, TPB was a novel compound with dual‐target mechanism of action and can be considered a promising novel fungicide for the control of wheat Take‐all. The results provided new guides for the structural design of active compounds and powerful tools for pathogen resistance management. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of 2‐oxazolones in the presence of a chiral diamine ruthenium catalyst with potassium formate as a hydrogen source and potassium carbonate as an additive in 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol is described. A series of chiral 2‐oxazolidinones were obtained with 29%–95% yields and 86%–>99% ee's. Furthermore, gram‐scale synthesis of chiral 2‐oxazolidinone and its downstream derivatizations demonstrate the practicality of this method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The simultaneous balance of electrode materials and electrode structures can energize the development of innovative electrochemical sensors. In this work, a 3D nanocarbon layer of hybrid heteroatoms and metal atoms (CN/Fe) with excellent electrical properties and abundant active sites was self-constructed on the surface of a quartz-based nanofiber by high-temperature pyrolysis. Further, the nanofiber tip was selected as the sensing region to develop an electrochemical sensing platform with high sensitivity, miniaturization, and portability. A common broad-spectrum antibiotic (Doxycycline hyclate, DOX) was used as a model to evaluate the designed miniaturized sensing platform, and the stability, reproducibility, and applicability of the microsensor were verified in a variety of real samples, including algal solution, milk, human serum, and cell culture media. The results show that the proposed sensing platform has a detection limit as low as 82 nM in aqueous environments. Furthermore, it is further shown that coupling the design of electrode materials and electrode structures facilitates the development of electrochemical sensors with more practical applications. This concept will open up new avenues for the development of electrochemical sensors that meet many application scenarios. [Display omitted] • A method for preparing multi-doped carbon microelectrodes is presented. • The active sites on the microelectrodes play an important role in detecting DOX. • The miniaturized electrochemical sensor was integrated based on CN/Fe ME. • The miniaturized analytical platform was examined in a variety of real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, BiOCl–C composites were prepared using sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) as the carbon source. SLS also acted as a surfactant, and the BiOCl–C nanosheets gradually became smaller with the increase of SLS dosages. When SLS was added at 0.4 g, the formed BiOCl–C nanosheets had the best effect in terms of size and photocatalytic activity. Compared with pure BiOCl, the small size BiOCl–C nanosheets showed better degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and could eliminate 90.2 % RhB under light conditions. This might be due to the incorporation of carbon material which increased the specific surface area and decreased the electron-hole recombination rate. Meanwhile, BiOCl–C obtained higher electron mobility rate under the small size effect, which improved the photocatalytic degradation efficiency. Therefore, the prepared BiOCl–C is a promising photocatalyst for degrading organic pollutants. This work provides a new idea for the design of efficient environmental catalytic photocatalysts. [Display omitted] • BiOCl–C composites were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method. • Sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) was used as surfactant and carbon precursor. • The effect of SLS on the morphology of BiOCl–C was investigated in detail. • The photocatalytic performance of BiOCl–C was significantly improved. • The photocatalytic mechanism of RhB degradation by BiOCl–C was described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A miniature laser with linear polarization is a long sought-after component of photonic integrated circuits. In particular, for multiwavelength polarization lasers, it supports simultaneous access to multiple, widely varying laser wavelengths in a small spatial region, which is of great significance for advancing applications such as optical computing, optical storage, and optical sensing. However, there is a trade-off between the size of small-scale lasers and laser performance, and multiwavelength co-gain of laser media and multicavity micromachining in the process of laser miniaturization remain as significant challenges. Herein, room-temperature linearly polarized multiwavelength lasers in the visible and near-infrared wavelength ranges are demonstrated, by fabricating random cavities scattered with silica in an Er-doped Cs 2 Ag 0.4 Na 0.6 In 0.98 Bi 0.02 Cl 6 double-perovskite quantum dots gain membrane. By regulating the local symmetry and enabling effective energy transfer in nanocrystals, multiwavelength lasers with ultralow thresholds are achieved at room temperature. The maximum degree of polarization reaches 0.89. With their advantages in terms of miniaturization, ultralow power consumption, and adaptability for integration, these lasers offer a prospective light source for future photonic integrated circuits aimed at high-capacity optical applications., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is a major hindrance to the success of cardiac reperfusion therapy. Although increased neutrophil infiltration is a hallmark of MIRI, the subtypes and alterations of neutrophils in this process remain unclear. Here, we performed single-cell sequencing of cardiac CD45 + cells isolated from the murine myocardium subjected to MIRI at six-time points. We identified diverse types of infiltrating immune cells and their dynamic changes during MIRI. Cardiac neutrophils showed the most immediate response and largest changes and featured with functionally heterogeneous subpopulations, including Ccl3 hi Neu and Ym-1 hi Neu, which were increased at 6 h and 1 d after reperfusion, respectively. Ym-1 hi Neu selectively expressed genes with protective effects and was, therefore, identified as a novel specific type of cardiac cell in the injured heart. Further analysis indicated that neutrophils and their subtypes orchestrated subsequent immune responses in the cardiac tissues, especially instructing the response of macrophages. The abundance of Ym-1 hi Neu was closely correlated with the therapeutic efficacy of MIRI when neutrophils were specifically targeted by anti-Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G6D (Ly6G) or anti-Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) neutralizing antibodies. In addition, a neutrophil subtype with the same phenotype as Ym-1 hi Neu was detected in clinical samples and correlated with prognosis. Ym-1 inhibition exacerbated myocardial injury, whereas Ym-1 supplementation significantly ameliorated injury in MIRI mice, which was attributed to the tilt of Ym-1 on the polarization of macrophages toward the repair phenotype in myocardial tissue. Overall, our findings reveal the anti-inflammatory phenotype of Ym-1 hi Neu and highlight its critical role in myocardial protection during the early stages of MIRI., (Copyright © 2024 Science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels (ICHs) are vital for developing flexible electronic devices. However, the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme temperatures, hampering their use in soft electronics. To resolve these issues, a method involving freeze-thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network (DN) ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PMP DN ICH) system. The well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity (63.89 mS cm -1 at 25 °C), excellent temperature resistance (- 60-80 °C), prolonged stability (30 d at ambient temperature), high oxidation resistance, remarkable antibacterial activity, decent mechanical performance, and adhesion. Additionally, the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor, thermal sensor, all-solid-state supercapacitor, and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic devices. The highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable, reliable signal output performance. In particular, the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm -2 (current density, 1 mA cm -2 ) and excellent environmental adaptability. This study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance multifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing, energy-storage, and energy-harvesting applications., (© 2024. The Author(s).)