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Abstract Objectives To develop and validate a radiomics nomogram combining radiomics features and clinical factors for preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression status and prognostic prediction in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods Two medical centers of 185 ccRCC patients were included, and each of them formed a training group (n = 130) and a validation group (n = 55). The independent predictor of Ki-67 expression status was identified by univariate and multivariate regression, and radiomics features were extracted from the preoperative CT images. The maximum relevance minimum redundancy (mRMR) and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm (LASSO) were used to identify the radiomics features that were most relevant for high Ki-67 expression. Subsequently, clinical model, radiomics signature (RS), and radiomics nomogram were established. The performance for prediction of Ki-67 expression status was validated using area under curve (AUC), calibration curve, Delong test, decision curve analysis (DCA). Prognostic prediction was assessed by survival curve and concordance index (C-index). Results Tumour size was the only independent predictor of Ki-67 expression status. Five radiomics features were finally identified to construct the RS (AUC: training group, 0.821; validation group, 0.799). The radiomics nomogram achieved a higher AUC (training group, 0.841; validation group, 0.814) and clinical net benefit. Besides, the radiomics nomogram provided a highest C-index (training group, 0.841; validation group, 0.820) in predicting prognosis for ccRCC patients. Conclusions The radiomics nomogram can accurately predict the Ki-67 expression status and exhibit a great capacity for prognostic prediction in patients with ccRCC and may provide value for tailoring personalized treatment strategies and facilitating comprehensive clinical monitoring for ccRCC patients.

Patients with relapsed or refractory (R/R) diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) have a poor prognosis. Loncastuximab tesirine (Lonca), an antibody conjugate targeting CD19, has demonstrated significant clinical benefit in R/R DLBCL in a global phase 2 LOTIS-2 study. In the China bridging pivotal phase 2 OL-ADCT-402-001 study, eligible patients aged ≥18 years with R/R DLBCL who had failed ≥ 2 lines of systemic therapies were enrolled and treated with Lonca every 3 week with 150 μg/kg for 2 cycles; then 75 μg/kg for subsequent cycles (up to 1 year). The primary endpoint was overall response rate (ORR) assessed by independent review committee. Primary analyses for efficacy and safety were performed on the patients who received at least one treatment and had at least 6 months of follow-up following an initial documented response. As of data-cutoff, 64 patients received Lonca (median: 4.0 cycles [range: 1 to 17]). The median number of prior lines of therapies was 3.0 (range: 2 to 12). The ORR was 51.6% (95% CI: 38.7% to 64.2%), and the complete response rate was 23.4%. Hematological events accounted for the majority of the most common (≥15%) Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), in which increased gamma glutamyltransferase (25.0%), and hypokalaemia (18.8%) also were reported. Serious TEAEs were reported in 35 of 64 patients with 4 fatal TEAEs. In conclusion, Lonca monotherapy demonstrated clinically meaningful efficacy and was well-tolerated in heavily pretreated Chinese patients with R/R DLBCL, which was consistent with the results of the LOTIS-2 study in Caucasian patients.

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to prepare a novel 68Ga-labeled pH (low) insertion peptide (pHLIP)-like peptide, YJL-4, and determine its value for the early diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) via in vivo imaging of tumor-bearing nude mice. The novel peptide YJL-4 was designed using a template-assisted method and synthesized by solid-phase peptide synthesis. After modification with the chelator 1,4,7‑triazacyclononane-N,N′,N″-triacetic acid (NOTA), the peptide was labeled with 68Ga. Then, the biodistribution of 68Ga-YJL-4 in tumor-bearing nude mice was investigated, and the mice were imaged by small animal positron emission tomography (PET). Results The radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity of 68Ga-YJL-4 were 89.5 ± 0.16% and 97.95 ± 0.06%, respectively. The biodistribution of 68Ga-YJL-4 in tumors (5.94 ± 1.27% ID/g, 6.72 ± 1.69% ID/g and 4.54 ± 0.58% ID/g at 1, 2 and 4 h after injection, respectively) was significantly greater than that of the control peptide in tumors at the corresponding time points (P

Abstract Objectives Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) is associated with poor prognosis and impacts surgical options. We aimed to develop a user-friendly model based on 2-[18F] FDG PET/CT to predict STAS in stage I lung adenocarcinoma (LAC). Materials and methods A total of 466 stage I LAC patients who underwent 2-[18F] FDG PET/CT examination and resection surgery were retrospectively enrolled. They were split into a training cohort (n = 232, 20.3% STAS-positive), a validation cohort (n = 122, 27.0% STAS-positive), and a test cohort (n = 112, 29.5% STAS-positive) according to chronological order. Some commonly used clinical data, visualized CT features, and SUVmax were analyzed to identify independent predictors of STAS. A prediction model was built using the independent predictors and validated using the three chronologically separated cohorts. Model performance was assessed using ROC curves and calculations of AUC. Results The differences in age (P = 0.009), lesion density subtype (P