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C15H8F4N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.2759(7) Å, b = 9.0182(5) Å, c = 14.2235(8) Å, β = 93.834(2)°, V = 1443.13(15) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt (F) = 0.0391, wRref (F 2) = 0.1067, T = 273.15 K.

Accurate fuel debris location is crucial part of the decommissioning of the Fukushima Nuclear Power plants. Conventional methods face challenges due to extreme radiation and complex structure of the materials involved. In this study, we propose a novel approach utilising neutron detection and machine learning to estimate fuel material location. Geant4 simulations and pythonTM scripts have been used to generate a comprehensive dataset to train a machine learning model using MATLAB’s regression learner. A Gaussian Process Regression model was chosen for training and prediction. The results show excellent prediction performance to estimate the corium thickness effectively and to locate the nuclear fuel material with a mean square error (MSE) of 0.01. By combining the machine learning with nuclear simulation codes, this promises to enhance the nuclear decommissioning efforts to retrieve nuclear fuel debris.

Douchi has attracted attention for its unique taste and rich health functions. This study investigated the nutrition, flavor and correlation between the flavor and microorganisms of two traditional bacterial douchi from the province of Gansu in northwest China. The findings reveal significant variations in nutrition, flavor compounds, and the microbiota between Longnan and Qingyang douchi. Three dominant bacterial genera (Carnobacterium, Ignatzschineria, and Bacillus) and one dominant bacterial genus (Pichia) were found in the QY douchi, while four bacterial genera (Bacillus, Ignatzschineria, Proteus, and Providencia) and three fungal genera (Pichia, Candida, and Rhodosporidium) were dominant in samples of the LN douchi. For flavor substances, a total of 48 volatile components were detected in Longnan douchi and 41 in Qingyang douchi. Using the relative odor activity value (ROAV), we identified five key flavor compounds in Longnan douchi and four key flavor compounds in Qingyang douchi. The correlation analysis showed that there were certain positive or negative correlations between the key microorganisms and the flavor of the two traditional bacterial douchi. The results of this study can serve as a theoretical reference for improving the quality and flavor of traditional douchi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the development of guanine base editors (GBEs) for G-to-T editing in rice. The researchers created two GBEs using an engineered N-methylpurine DNA glycosylase with CRISPR systems, achieving targeted G-to-T editing with an efficiency of 4.94-12.50% in rice. They also explored the potential of derivative base editors by combining the DNA glycosylase with various nucleotide deaminases, resulting in co-editing of target guanines with adenines or cytosines. The study demonstrates the potential of GBEs and derivative base editors for genome editing in rice, providing new tools for both basic research and genetic improvement of the crop. [Extracted from the article]

The legume-rhizobium symbiosis represents a unique model within the realm of plant-microbe interactions. Unlike typical cases of pathogenic invasion, the infection of rhizobia and their residence within symbiotic cells do not elicit a noticeable immune response in plants. Nevertheless, there is still much to uncover regarding the mechanisms through which plant immunity influences rhizobial symbiosis. In this study, we identify an important player in this intricate interplay: Lotus japonicus PRP1, which serves as a positive regulator of plant immunity but also exhibits the capacity to decrease rhizobial colonization and nitrogen fixation within nodules. The PRP1 gene encodes an uncharacterized protein and is named Pathogenesis-Related Protein1, owing to its orthologue in Arabidopsis thaliana , a pathogenesis-related family protein (At1g78780). The PRP1 gene displays high expression levels in nodules compared to other tissues. We observed an increase in rhizobium infection in the L. japonicus prp1 mutants, whereas PRP1 -overexpressing plants exhibited a reduction in rhizobium infection compared to control plants. Intriguingly, L. japonicus prp1 mutants produced nodules with a pinker colour compared to wild-type controls, accompanied by elevated levels of leghaemoglobin and an increased proportion of infected cells within the prp1 nodules. The transcription factor Nodule Inception (NIN) can directly bind to the PRP1 promoter, activating PRP1 gene expression. Furthermore, we found that PRP1 is a positive mediator of innate immunity in plants. In summary, our study provides clear evidence of the intricate relationship between plant immunity and symbiosis. PRP1, acting as a positive regulator of plant immunity, simultaneously exerts suppressive effects on rhizobial infection and colonization within nodules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C15H8F4N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.2759(7) Å, b = 9.0182(5) Å, c = 14.2235(8) Å, β = 93.834(2)°, V = 1443.13(15) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0391, wRref(F2) = 0.1067, T = 273.15 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C15H8F4N2O3, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 11.2759(7) Å, b = 9.0182(5) Å, c = 14.2235(8) Å, β = 93.834(2)°, V = 1443.13(15) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0391, wRref(F2) = 0.1067, T = 273.15 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]