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Abstract Depressive disorder is a significant public health problem worldwide, which adversely affects children and adolescents’ health. Impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG) is more common in depressive disorder, which becomes a clinical problem that needs to be focused on. The study purposed to determine the prevalence and related factors of IFG in Chinese children and adolescents with depressive disorder and the relationship between triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and IFG. This research encompassed 756 individuals aged 8 to 18 with major depressive disorders, all diagnosed under DSM-5 criteria at the Third People’s Hospital of Fuyang from January 2020 to December 2021. We detected fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid levels and assessed the suicidal behaviors and depressive symptoms severity of each participant. The sociodemographic and included study variables were collected and analyzed. Our study employed multiple logistic regression to discern independent factors affecting IFG in conjunction with depressive disorders among children and adolescents. The prevalence of IFG was 6.5% (49/756). IFG was positively correlated with FBG, BMI, TG, TG/HDL-C, and was negatively correlated with gender and the type of antidepressant drug taken. Binary logistic analysis showed that male (OR = 2.57, 95% CI: 1.43–4.63, P = 0.002) and higher levels of TG (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.11–2.38, P = 0.013) were independently associated with IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder. The incidence of IFG in children and adolescents with depressive disorder was high and was positively related to the TG/HDL-C ratio. The evaluation and management of IFG in pediatric depression should extend beyond pharmacological interventions. Comprehensive strategies in both assessment and management of IFG are essential to address this condition effectively in young patients facing depressive disorders.

Abstract Recruitment of non-canonical BCOR-PRC1.1 to non-methylated CpG islands via KDM2B plays a fundamental role in transcription control during developmental processes and cancer progression. However, the mechanism is still largely unknown on how this recruitment is regulated. Here, we unveiled the importance of the Poly-D/E regions within the linker of BCOR for its binding to KDM2B. Interestingly, we also demonstrated that these negatively charged Poly-D/E regions on BCOR play autoinhibitory roles in liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) of BCORANK-linker-PUFD/PCGF1RAWUL. Through neutralizing negative charges of these Poly-D/E regions, Ca2+ not only weakens the interaction between BCOR/PCGF1 and KDM2B, but also promotes co-condensation of the enzymatic core of BCOR-PRC1.1 with KDM2B into liquid-like droplet. Accordingly, we propose that Ca2+ could modulate the compartmentation and recruitment of the enzymatic core of BCOR-PRC1.1 on KDM2B target loci. Thus, our finding advances the mechanistic understanding on how the tethering of BCOR-PRC1.1 enzymatic core to KDM2B is regulated.

Abstract Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal original tumor in gastrointestinal (GI) tract and is considered to have varying malignant potential. With the advancement of computer science, radiomics technology and deep learning had been applied in medical researches. It’s vital to construct a more accurate and reliable multimodal predictive model for recurrence-free survival (RFS) aiding for clinical decision-making. A total of 254 patients underwent surgery and pathologically diagnosed with GIST in The First Hospital of China Medical University from 2019 to 2022 were included in the study. Preoperative contrast enhanced computerized tomography (CE-CT) and hematoxylin/eosin (H&E) stained whole slide images (WSI) were acquired for analysis. In the present study, we constructed a sum of 11 models while the multimodal model (average C-index of 0.917 on validation set in 10-fold cross validation) performed the best on external validation cohort with an average C-index of 0.864. The multimodal model also reached statistical significance when validated in the external validation cohort (n = 42) with a p-value of 0.0088 which pertained to the recurrence-free survival (RFS) comparison between the high and low groups using the optimal threshold on the predictive score. We also explored the biological significance of radiomics and pathomics features by visualization and quantitative analysis. In the present study, we constructed a multimodal model predicting RFS of GIST which was prior over unimodal models. We also proposed hypothesis on the correlation between morphology of tumor cell and prognosis.

The tribe Xylenini is one of the main large taxonomic groups known as Winter Noctuidae.A new species of the genus Antivaleria Sugi, 1980, Antivaleria ronkayorum Zhang & Wang, sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Zhejiang Prov., China. The species resembles Antivaleria peregovitsi Ronkay et al., 2010, but differs in wing pattern, foot-like cucullus and special shape of harpe. A key to the Antivaleria species is presented. The holotype is deposited in the Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou.

Accurate reconstruction of radiation field and path planning are very important for the safety of operators in the process of dismantling nuclear facilities. Based on radial basis function (RBF) interpolation algorithm, this paper discussed the application of inverse multiquadric radial basis Function (IMRBF) interpolation method to the reconstruction of gamma radiation field, and proved the feasibility of reconstructing a radiation field with multiple γ sources. The average relative errors of IMRBF interpolation results were 4.28% and 8.76%, respectively, for the experimental scenarios with single and double gamma sources. After comparing the consistency between the simulated scene and the experimental scene, IMRBF method and Cubic Spline method were respectively used to reconstruct the gamma radiation field by Geant4 simulation data. The results showed that the interpolation accuracy of IMRBF method was superior to that of Cubic Spline method. Further, more RBF interpolation algorithms were used to reconstruct the multi-γ source radiation field, and then the Probabilistic Roadmap (PRM) algorithm was used to optimize the human walking path in the radiation field reconstructed by different interpolation methods. The optimal paths in radiation fields generated by multiple interpolation methods were compared. The results herein contribute to a comprehensive understanding of RBF interpolation methods in reconstructing γ radiation fields and their application in optimizing paths in radiation environments. The insights may provide valuable information for decision-making in radiation protection during the decommissioning of nuclear facilities.

Two new species of the genus Kingdonella and the first report of a male K. qinghaiensis Zheng, 1990 are presented. The new species K. gandensis sp. nov. has similar morphological features to K. wardi Uvarov, 1933, but it differs from the latter in having 1) the hind tibia black; 2) the epiproct, in males, with a median groove in the basal 1/2 and in the apical 1/4; 3) the denticles of the male epiproct black; 4) the outside of the hind femur reddish-brown on the basal 1/4 and black on the apical 3/4; and 5) the ventral face of the hind femur black on the outer side. The second new species, K. biruensis sp. nov., is morphologically close to K. pienbaensis Zheng, 1980 but differs from the latter in having 1) the length of the middle segment (12th segment) of antennae 1.2 times longer than its width; 2) the subgenital plate sharp-cornered in males; 3) the ovipositor smooth; 4) the upper half of hind femur outside surface with two black spots; and 5) the ventral face of the hind femur black on its outer side, red on the basal 2/3, and black on the apical 1/3 of its inner side. Finally, we provide a key to all known species of Kingdonella.

Aberrant expression of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) has been reported in pituitary adenomas. However, the role of Cdk5 in the tumorigenesis remains unclear. We show that prenatal p25-activated Cdk5 phosphorylates minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (Mcm2), enhancing minichromosome maintenance (MCM) family proteins and driving intermediate lobe-located melanotrope-originated pituitary tumorigenesis. In a mouse model with CaMKII promoter-driven transgenic induction of p25, we observed intermediate lobe-originated pituitary adenoma producing non-functional proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides under persistent p25 overexpression. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed Mcm2 may play an important role during tumor progression. Subsequently, Mcm2 was identified as a potential phosphorylated substrate of Cdk5, mediating the tumorous proliferation of melanotrope cells. Silencing Cdk5 or Mcm2 suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation in the 293T cell lines. Therefore, our findings provide a new mouse model of intermediate lobe-originated pituitary adenoma induced by p25/Cdk5 and unveil a previously unappreciated role of Cdk5 and Mcm2 in pituitary adenoma tumorigenesis.

The current driven by neutral beam injection in tokamak is calculated, and the slowing-down distribution function of the fast ion is obtained by the backward Euler iteration method, including the pitch angle scattering collision. This study reveals that when the pitch-angle cosine is small, the trapped fast-ion current significantly contributes to the total driven current, particularly when the neutral beam is injected perpendicularly. In such cases, the current densities of passing and trapped ions are of the same order of magnitude, with the trapped fast-ion current contributing over 10% to the total neutral beam-driven current. This results in a parabolic profile of the total current in the radial direction, promoting the formation of a negative shear equilibrium structure in the core of the tokamak plasma. The numerical approach was validated against the NUBEAM code while considering electron shielding effects and applied to calculate the neutral beam-driven current in multiple tokamaks. The influence of pitch-angle cosine and neutral beam injection power on the driven current was studied at different radial positions.

Invasive alien plants have received increasing attention due to their worldwide environmental impacts, ecological concerns, and significant economic consequences. The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau is an important global biodiversity hotspot hosting rich biodiversity and serving as a crucial component of the southwest ecological security barrier, with global conservation value. However, in recent years, invasive plants have been detrimental to the conservation of biodiversity and native ecosystems on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Here, 197 invasive plant species were recognized from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, encompassing 133 genera across 47 families. We used the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) method to predict the potential distribution of invasive alien plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Furthermore, potential geographic distribution regions suitable for 43 invasive alien plant species were found to be primarily concentrated in central and eastern Qinghai, southern and eastern Tibet, southwest Xinjiang, and the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau part of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Gansu in China. Notably, the current potential distribution area for all 43 invasive alien plant species accounts for 29.92 % of the total area, with an increase of 32.72–59.39 % projected by 2050. Moreover, risk screening results confirm the high risk of invasion of most alien plants on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. This study provides a foundation for assessing the risks associated with introducing and managing invasive alien plants in the region. It also offers scientific support for conserving the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau’s unique biodiversity, ecological originality, and sustainable development during economic growth.

GPCR-G protein signaling from endosomes plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes. However, the mechanism by which endosomal G protein signaling is terminated remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms involved in terminating the signaling of Gα subunits from endosomes. Through structural analysis and cell-based assays, we have discovered that SNX25, a protein that targets endosomes via its PXA or PXC domain, interacts with regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins (including RGS2, RGS4, RGS8, and RGS17) in a redox-regulated manner. The interaction between SNX25 and these RGS proteins enhances their GTPase-accelerating activity towards Gαi/q and their ability to bind GDP-bound (inactive form) Gαi/q. As a result, SNX25 recruits these RGS proteins to endosomes, leading to the termination of endosomal Gαi/q signaling. Furthermore, we have found that the SNX25/RGS complex also exerts a negative regulatory effect on Gαi/q signaling from the plasma membrane. This is achieved by recruiting Gαi/q to endosomes and preventing its activation on the plasma membrane. Our findings shed light on the previously unknown role of redox-modulated SNX25 in inhibiting Gαi/q signaling, thereby uncovering a novel mechanism for terminating Gαi/q signaling from endosomes. Importantly, this study expands our understanding of the regulation of GPCR-Gαi/q signaling beyond the plasma membrane.

The genus Striglina is the most species-rich genus in the subfamily Striglininae, which includes about 80 species and subspecies and it has always been a popular research taxon within Thyrididae.Two new species of the genus Striglina Guenée, 1877, S. whalleyi sp. nov. and S. pararubricans sp. nov. from China are described and illustrated. Striglina whalleyi sp. nov. is similar to S. irresecta obscura Whalley, 1976, but its wing ground colour is lighter and the sacculus process is shorter. Striglina pararubricans sp. nov. is similar to S. rubricans, but the fore-wing is narrower, the uncus processes and sacculus process are longer. Holotypes are deposited in the Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou.

Abstract International initiatives set ambitious targets for ecological restoration, which is considered a promising greenhouse gas mitigation strategy. Here, we conduct a meta-analysis to quantify the impacts of ecological restoration on greenhouse gas emissions using a dataset compiled from 253 articles. Our findings reveal that forest and grassland restoration increase CH4 uptake by 90.0% and 30.8%, respectively, mainly due to changes in soil properties. Conversely, wetland restoration increases CH4 emissions by 544.4%, primarily attributable to elevated water table depth. Forest and grassland restoration have no significant effect on N2O emissions, while wetland restoration reduces N2O emissions by 68.6%. Wetland restoration enhances net CO2 uptake, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes approximately 4 years following restoration. The net ecosystem CO2 exchange of the restored forests decreases with restoration age, and the transition from net CO2 sources to net sinks takes about 3-5 years for afforestation and reforestation sites, and 6-13 years for clear-cutting and post-fire sites. Overall, forest, grassland and wetland restoration decrease the global warming potentials by 327.7%, 157.7% and 62.0% compared with their paired control ecosystems, respectively. Our findings suggest that afforestation, reforestation, rewetting drained wetlands, and restoring degraded grasslands through grazing exclusion, reducing grazing intensity, or converting croplands to grasslands can effectively mitigate greenhouse gas emissions.

Abstract Background This study aimed to reveal the association between the gut microbiota (GM) and six diabetic complications: diabetic hypoglycemia; ketoacidosis; nephropathy; neuropathy; retinopathy; and Charcot’s foot. Methods GM data were obtained from the MiBioGen consortium and Dutch Microbiome Project while data on the six diabetic complications were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) was performed to explore the association between GM and the common diabetic complications. Inverse MR analysis was conducted to examine the effect of diabetic complications on the identified GM. Sensitivity tests were conducted to validate the stability of the results. Finally, multivariate MR (MVMR) was performed to determine whether GM had a direct influence on the diabetic complications. Results After multiple corrections, the inverse variance weighted (IVW) results predicted 61 suggestive markers between GM and six diabetic complications. In particular, the IVW results revealed that the Bacteroidia class and Bacteroidales order were positively associated with diabetic hypoglycemia while the Verrucomicrobiae class and Verrucomicrobiales order were positively associated with diabetic nephropathy. Based on the replication analysis, these results were identified to be stable. MVMR showed that the results remained stable after accounting for traditional risk factors. Conclusion Extensive causal associations were found between GM and diabetic complications, which may provide new insights into the mechanisms of microbiome-mediated complications of diabetes.

BackgroundCervical cancer, primarily driven by high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection, ranks as the second most common cancer globally. Understanding combined infections’ role, including Cervical fungi, is crucial in cervical carcinogenesis. This study aims to explore the potential correlation between HR-HPV, cervical fungi, and cervical cancer, while adjusting for various factors.MethodsThe study population comprised patients undergoing colposcopy and conization due to abnormal cervical screening results. Clinical data including age, gravidity, HPV (human papillomavirus) genotypes, cervical pathology, and p16/Ki67 expression were extracted. Cervical TCT (ThinPrep Pap Test) and HPV testing are utilized for screening cervical lesions, with fungal presence suggested by TCT results. 5,528 participants were included in this study. Statistical analyses investigated associations between HPV/fungi co-infection and cervical lesions, employing multinomial logistic regression and interaction analysis.ResultsCo-infection with fungi and HPV may decrease the risk of cervical lesions compared to HPV infection alone. In the co-infection group, compared with HPV infection alone, the risk of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) was reduced by 27% (OR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.59–0.90), the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) was reduced by 35% (OR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.51–0.82), and the risk of cervical cancer was reduced by 43% (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.35–0.92). The interaction analysis revealed a negative interaction between fungal and HPV infections in the development of cervical cancer (RERI = −6.25, AP = −0.79, SI = 0.52), HSIL (RERI = −19.15, AP = −0.37, SI = 0.72) and LSIL (RERI = −1.87, AP = −0.33, SI = 0.71), suggesting a sub-additive effect, where the combined effect of the two infections was less than the sum of their individual effects. This indicates that fungal infection may attenuate the promoting effect of HPV on cervical lesions. In exploring the potential mechanism, we found that the co-infection group had significantly lower p16 positivity (54.6%) compared to the HPV-only group (60.2%) (p = 0.004), while there was no statistically significant difference in Ki67 positivity.ConclusionThis study unveils the intricate relationship between cervical fungi and HPV in cervical lesions. Co-infection with fungi and HPV against cervical lesions compared to HPV infection alone, indicating a novel clinical interaction. Lower p16 positivity in co-infection hints at a protective mechanism, urging further exploration.

Abstract Ionic FETs have enormous potential for energy conversion, sensing, and ionic circuits due to their efficient regulation of the nanochannel. Here ionic FETs based on single‐crystal silicon nanopores and the rectification of the fabricated devices are studied. The electrical characterization results demonstrated that since the silicon‐based nanopores have the advantage of modulating the surface charge due to their semiconductor nature and benefitting from the effective 3D gating effect on the nanochannel, the magnitude and polarity of surface charge can be modulated by the gate voltage. The rectification effect can be adjusted by applying a certain voltage and fulfilling a transition between anion selectivity and cation selectivity when the surface charge polarity is reversed. Moreover, current–voltage characteristics of the reported ionic FET can be switched between ohmic and diode‐like regimes. The proposed ionic FETs supply a novel platform to study the ionic properties and have great potential to be applied in large‐scale ionic circuits due to their excellent performance. Finally, simulation results prove the surface charge modulated by the gate voltage determines the magnitude and direction of rectification, which is consistent with the reported experiment result.

BackgroundPersistent HR-HPV causes cervical cancer, exhibiting geographic variance. Europe/Americas have higher HPV16/18 rates, while Asia/Africa predominantly have non-16/18 HR-HPV. This study in Fujian, Asia, explores non-16/18 HR-HPV infections, assessing their epidemiology and cervical lesion association for targeted prevention.MethodsA total of 101,621 women undergoing HPV screening at a hospital in Fujian Province from 2013 to 2019 were included. HPV genotyping was performed. A subset of 11,666 HPV-positive women with available histopathology results were analyzed to characterize HPV genotype distribution across cervical diagnoses.ResultsIn 101,621 samples, 24.5% tested positive for HPV. Among these samples, 17.3% exhibited single infections, while 7.2% showed evidence of multiple infections. The predominant non-16/18 high-risk HPV types identified were HPV 52, 58, 53, 51, and 81. Single HPV infections accounted for 64.1% of all HPV-positive cases, with 71.4% of these being non-16/18 high-risk HPV infections. Age-related variations were observed in 11,666 HPV-positive patients with pathological results. Cancer patients were older. In the cancer group, HPV52 (21.8%) and HPV58 (18.6%) were the predominant types, followed by HPV33, HPV31, and HPV53. Compared to single HPV16/18 infection, non-16/18 HPV predominated in LSIL. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for LSIL were elevated: multiple HPV16/18 (OR 2.18), multiple non-16/18 HR-HPV (OR 2.53), and multiple LR-HPV (OR 2.38). Notably, solitary HPV16/18 conferred higher odds for HSIL and cancer.ConclusionOur large-scale analysis in Fujian Province highlights HPV 52, 58, 53, 51, and 81 as predominant non-16/18 HR-HPV types. Multiple HPV poses increased LSIL risks, while solitary HPV16/18 elevates HSIL and cancer odds. These findings stress tailored cervical cancer prevention, highlighting specific HPV impacts on lesion severity and guiding region-specific strategies for optimal screening in Asia, emphasizing ongoing surveillance in the vaccination era.

As the basic protective element, steel plate had attracted world-wide attention because of frequent threats of explosive loads. This paper reports the relationships between microscopic defects of Q345 steel plate under the explosive load and its macroscopic dynamics simulation. Firstly, the defect characteristics of the steel plate were investigated by stereoscopic microscope (SM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). At the macroscopic level, the defect was the formation of cave which was concentrated in the range of 0–3.0 cm from the explosion center, while at the microscopic level, the cavity and void formation were the typical damage characteristics. It also explains that the difference in defect morphology at different positions was the combining results of high temperature and high pressure. Secondly, the variation rules of mechanical properties of steel plate under explosive load were studied. The Arbitrary Lagrange-Euler (ALE) algorithm and multi-material fluid-structure coupling method were used to simulate the explosion process of steel plate. The accuracy of the method was verified by comparing the deformation of the simulation results with the experimental results, the pressure and stress at different positions on the surface of the steel plate were obtained. The simulation results indicated that the critical pressure causing the plate defects may be approximately 2.01 GPa. On this basis, it was found that the variation rules of surface pressure and microscopic defect area of the Q345 steel plate were strikingly similar, and the corresponding mathematical relationship between them was established. Compared with Monomolecular growth fitting models (MGFM) and Logistic fitting models (LFM), the relationship can be better expressed by cubic polynomial fitting model (CPFM). This paper illustrated that the explosive defect characteristics of metal plate at the microscopic level can be explored by analyzing its macroscopic dynamic mechanical response.

This article discusses ‘Metaverse’ from a technical perspective, focusing on networked systems aspects. Based on a technical definition of the ‘Metaverse,’ we examine the current state and challenges in communication and networking within Metaverse systems. We describe the state-of-the-art in different enabling Metaverse technologies and provide a technical analysis of current Metaverse system architectures. We then detail the state-of-the-art and the gaps in four areas: communication performance, mobility, large-scale operation, and end system architecture. Based on our analysis, we formulate a vision for future Metaverse infrastructure, outlining goals, design concepts, and suggested research directions.

The inversion of radiation field distribution is of great significance in the decommissioning sites of nuclear facilities. However, the radiation fields often contain multiple mixtures of radionuclides, making the inversion extremely difficult and posing a huge challenge. Many radiation field reconstruction methods, such as Kriging algorithm and neural network, can not solve this problem perfectly. To address this issue, this paper proposes an optimized inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation algorithm for reconstructing the gamma radiation field. The algorithm corrects the difference between the experimental and simulated scenarios, and the data is preprocessed with normalization to improve accuracy. The experiment involves setting up gamma radiation fields of three Co-60 radioactive sources and verifying them by using the optimized IDW algorithm. The results show that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of the reconstruction result obtained by using the optimized IDW algorithm is 16.0%, which is significantly better than the results obtained by using the Kriging method. Importantly, the optimized IDW algorithm is suitable for radiation scenarios with multiple radioactive sources, providing an effective method for obtaining radiation field distribution in nuclear facility decommissioning engineering.

BackgroundAdenocarcinoma is a common histological subtype of cervical cancer, accounting for 10–15% of all cases. The prognosis of cervical adenocarcinoma with distant organ metastases remains unclear. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the patterns and prognosis of distant organ metastasis in cervical adenocarcinoma.MethodsWe obtained data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database spanning from 2010 to 2019. Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier, and log-rank analyses were conducted.ResultsWe observed that adenocarcinoma (AC) of the cervix primarily metastasizes to single organs, with a rate of 73.3%. The lungs are the most common organs of metastasis, followed by the liver and bones. Patients with bone metastases have a median survival period of 12 months, which is slightly longer compared to metastasis in other organs. Distant organ metastasis, age, positive lymph nodes, higher AJCC stages, larger tumor diameter, and higher cell grades are related to poor prognosis (p

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a widespread health issue in many countries, which has an extremely negative impact on the health of children and adolescents in particular. In the context of depression and metabolic disorders, dyslipidemia and metabolism-related problems become more prominent comorbidities. However, they continue to be the main barrier to the successful recovery of the clinical progress. In this study we investigated the rate of dyslipidemia, additional risk factors among Chinese children and adolescents with MDD, and association of the suicidal behavior with lipid levels. Methods: The study took 756 people from the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang between January 2020 and December 2021, aged between 8 and 18, with major depressive disorders diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). We determined the FBG (fasting blood glucose) and lipid parameters in all subjects and also investigated the history of suicidal ideation, the cases of attempted suicide, and the scores of depressive symptoms. Sociodemographic and clinical data were gathered and analyzed using the SPSS-23.0 version. Results: The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, high LDL-C, and low HDL-C were 5.42 % (41/756), 10.58 % (80/756), 3.84 % (29/756) and 5.42 % (41/756) respectively. For hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, they were positive associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts, and the positive correlation is shown between low HDL-C levels and suicide attempts. Nevertheless, non-ideation and inversely suicidal attempts were not discovered among high-LDL-C subjects. Logistic analysis showed that high levels of FBG (OR = 2.86, 95 % CI: 1.31–6.25, P = 0.008) and worse LDL-C (OR = 357.82, 95 % CI: 66.16–1935.10, P

ABSTRACT Viruses have evolved intricate mechanisms to evade host antiviral responses and exploit cellular resources by manipulating the expression profile of host genes. During infection, viruses encode proteins with shutoff activity to globally inhibit host protein synthesis, which is an effective strategy for immune evasion. In this study, compelling evidence shows that infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection triggers the suppression of host protein synthesis. Furthermore, using both in vitro and in vivo viral infection models, we have identified that IBDV specifically impedes the transcription of host genes via the shutoff activity of viral VP5, simultaneously conferring advantages to IBDV infection in these circumstances. The proposed mechanism suggests that VP5 competitively binds to RanBP1, disrupting the RanGDP/GTP gradient. This disruption interferes with cellular nucleocytoplasmic transport, impairing the nuclear import of proteins bearing nuclear localization signals. The nuclear transport of pivotal transcriptional regulatory factors, such as p65 and IFN regulatory factor 7, is also compromised, leading to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferon expression. This newly discovered strategy employed by IBDV enables them to manipulate host gene expression, providing novel insights into how viruses evade host immune responses and establish infections.IMPORTANCEViruses manipulate host processes at various levels to regulate or evade both innate and adaptive immune responses, promoting self-survival and efficient transmission. The “host shutoff,” a global suppression of host gene expression mediated by various viruses, is considered a critical mechanism for evading immunity. In this study, we have validated the presence of host shutoff during infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection and additionally uncovered that the viral protein VP5 plays a pivotal role in inhibiting the overall synthesis of host proteins, including cytokines, through a transcription-dependent pathway. VP5 competitively binds with RanBP1, leading to disruption of the Ran protein cycle and consequently interfering with nucleocytoplasmic transport, which ultimately results in the suppression of host gene transcription. These findings unveil a novel strategy employed by IBDV to evade host innate immunity and rapidly establish infection. This study also suggests a novel supplement to understanding the pathway through which viruses inhibit host protein synthesis.

It is of great significance to prepare liners with excellent inhibition of energetic plasticizer migration and gas barrier properties. Here, we have successfully prepared magnetic iron oxide decorated reduced-graphene-oxide nanosheets (MRGO) by using ultrasound-assisted method. The obtained MRGO nanosheet-fillers were filled into hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) which was exposed to a magnetic field (200 mT) to achieve ordered orientation of MRGO in the HTPB matrix (Ordered MRGO/HTPB). The laser confocal microscopy demonstrates that MRGO exhibit ordered orientation structure in HTPB matrix with good dispersion, which renders the HTPB composite liners exhibiting high gas and plasticizer barrier capability, with a reduction of 18.9 % in water vapor permeability and a decrease of 14.1 % in dibutyl phthalate (DBP) migration equilibrium concentration as compared with those of random MRGO embedded HTPB composite liners (Random MRGO/HTPB). Moreover, a theoretical model accounting for such enhanced gas/plasticizer barrier performance of HTPB due to the implantation of order aligned MRGO was established, which shows that the effective diffusion pathways of plasticizer/gas for liner penetration would be significantly enhanced when the MRGO nanosheets are oriented within the HTPB matrix. This work provides an effective and facile strategy toward the design and development of composite liners with high plasticizer/gas barrier performance for industrial applications.

Urban lakes commonly suffer from nutrient over-enrichment, resulting in water quality deterioration and eutrophication. Constructed wetlands are widely employed for ecological restoration in such lakes but their efficacy in water purification noticeably fluctuates with the seasons. This study takes the constructed wetland of Jinshan Lake as an example. By analyzing the water quality parameters at three depths during both summer and winter, this study explores the influence of the constructed wetland on the water quality of each layer during different seasons and elucidates the potential mechanisms underlying these seasonal effects. The results indicate that the constructed wetland significantly enhances total nitrogen (TN) concentration during summer and exhibits the capacity for nitrate–nitrogen removal in winter. However, its efficacy in removing total phosphorus (TP) is limited, and may even serve as a potential phosphorus (P) source for the lake during winter. Water quality test results of different samples indicated they belong to Class III or IV. Restrictive factors varied across seasons: nitrate–nitrogen and BOD5 jointly affected water quality in winter, whereas TP predominantly constrained water quality in summer. These results could provide a reference for water quality monitoring and management strategies of constructed wetlands in different seasons in Jiangsu Province.

A high-sensitivity pH sensor based on an AlGaN/GaN high-electron mobility transistor (HEMT) with a 10 nm thick Au-gated sensing membrane was investigated. The Au nanolayer as a sensing membrane was deposited by electron-beam evaporation and patterned onto the GaN cap layer, which provides more surface-active sites and a more robust adsorption capacity for hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH−) and thus the sensitivity of the sensor can be significantly enhanced. A quasi-reference electrode was used to minimize the sensing system for the measurement of the microliter solution. The measurement and analysis results demonstrate that the fabricated sensor exhibits a high potential sensitivity of 58.59 mV/pH, which is very close to the Nernstian limit. The current sensitivity is as high as 372.37 μA/pH in the pH range from 4.0 to 9.18, under a 3.5 V drain-source voltage and a 0 V reference-source voltage. Comparison experiments show that the current sensitivity of the Au-gated sensor can reach 3.9 times that of the SiO2-gated sensor. Dynamic titration experiments reveal the pH sensor’s ability to promptly respond to immediate pH variations. These findings indicate that this pH sensor can meet most application requirements for advanced medical and chemical analysis.

Developing a quantitative hazard assessment model for spontaneous coal gangue combustion is imperative to ensuring the safety of coal mining operations. In this study, eight types of coal gangue from different coalfields were used to determine the controlling factors for spontaneous combustion. A variety of physical and chemical characterization methods were employed to investigate the physical and chemical characteristics of the samples. Based on the experimental results, six key parameters were identified, namely the aliphatic C–H components, pyrite sulfur content, physical oxygen absorption capacity, ash content, ignition point temperature, and activation energy for thermal decomposition. The results show that the spontaneous combustion hazard of coal gangue is positively correlated with the first three of these and is negatively correlated with the rest. Using the entropy-weight method combined with the analytic hierarchy process, appropriate weighting factors for each parameter were obtained and used to establish a quantitative assessment model for the spontaneous combustion hazard of coal gangue. This model is expected to enhance the current industrial best practices for the prevention and control of spontaneous coal gangue combustion.

Uneven settlement phenomenon is very easy to occur in the sandy pulverized ground stratum, the underground pipe corridor longitudinal and transverse stiffness difference is obvious, so that it is easy to crack and deformation due to uneven settlement in this type of stratum. This paper carries out research on uneven settlement and cracking and deformation of Qihe tube corridor, analyzes the reasons leading to uneven settlement and the factors affecting the deformation and cracking of the tube corridor, and provides guidance for foundation treatment and tube corridor repair and mixing and reinforcement. It was found that the concrete structure of the corridor itself had exposed reinforcement, pockmarks and holes, and that cracks on the structure of the corridor sprouted and expanded from these defects. Defects and damages on the concrete structure of the pipeline corridor are contributing factors to the deformation and cracking of the members, and the uneven settlement of the foundation is the main initiating factor for the cracking and deformation. The analysis of the numerical simulation results of similar underground pipeline corridors is carried out, and it is found that the simulation results are consistent with the deformation characteristics of the Qihe pipeline corridor, which further supports the conclusions of this paper. The main stratigraphic factors contributing to the inhomogeneous settlement were found to be the water-rich and loose bodies in the lower part of the strata, as revealed by the physical means and the experimental verification boreholes. Localized hydraulic effects such as pumping further accelerate the uneven settlement of the foundation.

Chicken feathers represent a viable material for producing biochar adsorbents. Traditional slow pyrolysis methods often result in sulfur element losses from chicken feathers, whereas hydrothermal reactions generate substantial amounts of nutrient-rich hydrothermal liquor. Magnesium-modified high-sulfur hydrochar MWF was synthesized through magnesium modification, achieving a S content of 3.68%. The maximum equilibrium adsorption amounts of MWF for Cd2+ and Pb2+ were 25.12 mg·g−1 and 70.41 mg·g−1, respectively, representing 4.00 times and 2.75 times of WF. Magnesium modification elevated the sulfur content, pH, ash content, and electronegativity of MWF. The primary mechanisms behind MWF’s adsorption of Cd2+ and Pb2+ involve magnesium ion exchange and complexation with C=O/O=C–O, quaternary N, and S functional groups. MWF maintains robust stability and antioxidative properties, even with low aromaticity levels. Given the lower energy consumption during hydrochar production, MWF offers notable carbon sequestration benefits. The hydrothermal solution derived from MWF is nutrient-rich. Following supplementation with inorganic fertilizer, the hydrothermal solution of MWF significantly enhanced bok choy growth compared to the control group. In general, adopting magnesium-modified hydrothermal reactions to produce hydrochar and converting the resultant hydrothermal solution into water-soluble fertilizer proves a viable strategy for the eco-friendly utilization of chicken feathers. This approach carries substantial value for heavy metal remediation and agricultural practices.

Artemia is a genus of halophilic zooplanktons comprising bisexual and parthenogenetic forms, which is an important model for investigating adaption to hypersaline ecosystems. The genus Artemia in China comprises four species: A. sinica, A. tibetiana, A. franciscana and A. parthenogenetica. To investigate the evolutionary relationship of bisexual and parthenogenetic Artemia in China, we analyzed the morphometrics and phylogenetics among twenty-two geographical populations in China. We found significant morphological differentiation across different species and strains of Artemia in China, which exhibited a high level of intra-population variation. We also found overlaps in morphological characteristics between populations, which may raise challenges for the classification of Artemia species using traditional morphological methods. A. franciscana, which originated from various regions in America, was generally distributed along the Chinese coastlines through multiple human introductions. Additionally, native Asian clades split into Western and Eastern Lineages during the late Miocene due to the Himalayan orogeny. Within the Western Lineage, A. tibetiana can be grouped into three taxon units: A. tibeitiana, A. sorgeloosi and A. urmiana. We also found that the distribution and genetic structure of A. sinica were influenced by climate oscillations during the Pleistocene, which might play a pivotal role in driving the formation of parthenogenetic strains in the Eastern Lineage. Overall, our study provides new insight into invertebrate evolution under geographical and climatic impacts in hypersaline environments.

The co-transport of contaminants by soil colloids can generate substantial environmental risk, and this behavior is greatly affected by environmental conditions. In this study, AF4-ICP-MS was used to investigate the size distribution and composition of Cd/Pb-bearing colloids; saturated sand column experiments were used to investigate the impact of soil colloids on the transport of Cd/Pb under different pH and ionic strength conditions. AF4-ICP-MS characterization showed that natural colloids were primarily associated with two sizes ranges: 0.3–35 KDa (F1, fine nanoparticles) and 280 KDa–450 nm (F2, larger nanoparticles), which mainly consisted of organic matter (OM), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) (oxy)hydroxides and clay minerals. Fine nanoparticles could strongly adsorb Cd and Pb under all environmental conditions. Mn and Fe (oxy)hydroxides generally formed under neutral to alkaline conditions and exhibited adsorption capabilities for Cd and Pb, respectively. Transport experiments were conducted under different pH and ionic strength conditions. At pH 3.0, soil colloids had little effect on the transport of Cd2+ and Pb2+. At pH 5.0, soil colloids inhibited the transport of Cd2+ by 16.1%, and Pb2+ recovery was still 0.0%. At pH 7.0 and 9.0, soil colloids facilitated the transport of Cd2+ by 15.6% and 29.6%, facilitated Pb2+ by 1.3% and 6.4%. At an ionic strength of 0, 0.005, and 0.01 mol L−1 NaNO3, soil colloids facilitated the transport of Cd2+ by 77.7%, 45.8%, and 15.6%, only facilitated the transport of Pb2+ by 46.2% at an ionic strength of 0 mol L−1 NaNO3. At an ionic strength of 0.05 mol L−1 NaNO3, soil colloids inhibited the transport of Cd2+ and Pb2+ by 33.1% and 21.0%, respectively. The transport of Cd2+ and Pb2+ facilitated by soil colloids was clearly observed under low ionic strength and non-acidic conditions, which can generate a potential environmental risk.

A long-term use of chemical drugs cannot cure type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and their numerous toxic side effects can be harmful to human health. In recent years, probiotics have emerged as a natural resource to replace chemical drugs in alleviating many human ailments. Healthy children’s intestines have a lot of colonized Lactobacilli and Bifidobacterium, and these beneficial bacteria can help promote overall health. The objective of this study was to isolate potential antidiabetic probiotic strains from healthy children and evaluate their application prospects. Firstly, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains were isolated from healthy children’s feces and identified by the pheS or clpC genes with their respective 16S rRNA genes. Then, hydrophobicity, artificial gastrointestinal fluid tolerance, α-Glucosidase and Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activities of isolated strains were determined, and antioxidant activities and promoting secretion of GLP-1 in STC-1 cells of candidate strains were tested. Results showed that 6 strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were obtained from the feces of healthy children aged 3 years, respectively, including Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L-21 and L-25, Levilactobacillus brevis L-16, Lentilactobacillus buchneri L-9, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum L-8 and L-3, Bifidobacterium bifidum 11-1 and B-84, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum 6-1, 6-2, B42 and B53. The hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation levels of all these strains were higher than 30% and 50%, respectively, and the decrease in the number of colonies of all strains in the artificial gastrointestinal fluid was less than 2 log CFU/mL. Strains L-3, L-8, L-9, L-21, 6-1, 11-1, B53 and B84 were selected based on their high α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and DPP-IV inhibitory activity, and results of the antioxidant capacity assay showed that the remaining strains all had intense comprehensive antioxidant activity. Additionally, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L-21 and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum B-53 had the most substantial prompting effect on GLP-1 secretion in the STC-1 cell line. These results indicated that Lacticaseibacillus paracasei L-21 and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum B-53 could be used as a potential antidiabetic strain; thus, its application as a food supplement and drug ingredient could be recommended after in vivo mitigation of type II diabetes test.

Argillaceous limestone (AL) is comprised of carbonate minerals and clay minerals and is widely distributed throughout the Earth’s crust. However, owing to its low surface area and poorly active sites, AL has been largely neglected. Herein, manganic manganous oxide (Mn3O4) was used to modify AL by an in-situ deposition strategy through manganese chloride and alkali stepwise treatment to improve the surface area of AL and enable its utilization as an efficient adsorbent for heavy metals removal. The surface area and cation exchange capacity (CEC) were enhanced from 3.49 to 24.5 m2/g and 5.87 to 31.5 cmoL(+)/kg with modification, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of lead (Pb2+), copper (Cu2+), and nickel (Ni2+) ions on Mn3O4-modified argillaceous limestone (Mn3O4–AL) in mono-metal systems were 148.73, 41.30, and 60.87 mg/g, respectively. In addition, the adsorption selectivity in multi-metal systems was Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+ in order. The adsorption process conforms to the pseudo-second-order model. In the multi-metal system, the adsorption reaches equilibrium at about 360 min. The adsorption mechanisms may involve ion exchange, precipitation, electrostatic interaction, and complexation by hydroxyl groups. These results demonstrate that Mn3O4 modification realized argillaceous limestone resourcization as an ideal adsorbent. Mn3O4-modified argillaceous limestone was promising for heavy metal-polluted water and soil treatment.

In order to further reduce the number of particles in the overflow port of a cyclone clarifier, a cone-plate structure with an equiproportionally varying cone-plate radius is proposed. This includes two structures, namely, an equal–proportional gradually shrinking cone-plate radius and an equal–proportional gradually expanding cone-plate radius. In this paper, numerical simulation is used to comparatively study the flow field characteristics and particle separation inside the traditional equal radius, the gradually shrinking radius, and the gradually expanding radius cone-plate cyclone clarifier. The simulation results show that compared with the traditional equal radius cone-plate structure, the gradual shrinking of the cone-plate structure, due to the bottom of the cone-plate radius being small, can better give full play to the cone-plate settling capacity. The gradually expanding cone-plate cyclone clarifier, due to the bottom of the cone-plate radius being large, results in more fine particles entering the overflow pipe and being discharged from the overflow port. Compared with the traditional cone-plate cyclone clarifier, the gradually shrinking cone-plate cyclone clarifier has a significant increase in the removal efficiency of particles of different sizes than the traditional cyclone clarifier overflow port. The removal efficiency of all particles at the overflow of the gradually shrinking cyclone clarifier was increased by 10.32% compared to the conventional cone-plate cyclone clarifier.

To develop a type of nanocomposite with high barrier properties for the solid propellant insulation layer, functionalized magnetic graphene oxide (FMGO) was prepared using the ultrasound-assisted coprecipitation method. The structure of FMGO was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. To attain a structured orientation within the silicone rubber (SiR) matrix and enhance the barrier properties of the SiR matrix insulation layer, FMGO nanofillers were incorporated into SiR and subjected to a rotating magnetic field (100 mT). Subsequently, a comprehensive characterization of the morphology of the ordered FMGO/SiR composites was conducted. Experimental results showed that the ordered FMGO/SiR composites with a rotating magnetic field exhibited improved barrier properties, achieving a 46.4% reduction in oxygen permeability and a 25.1% reduction in dioctyl sebacate migration equilibrium concentration compared to random FMGO/SiR composites. The barrier property of the SiR matrix is effectively improved due to the ordered alignment of FMGO flakes, which act as a physical barrier. This work successfully aligned FMGO within the polymer matrix in a controllable way and finally prepared highly ordered FMGO/SiR composites equipped with notable barrier properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article studies a meta-module motion design approach for homogenous modular robotic systems in self-configuration. By utilizing configuration diversity, scalability and unit-substitutability, homogenous modular robotic systems can be a promising approach to life detection and space exploration in the future. Based on the requirements of the potential applications, self-configuration can be considered as the precondition. As similar to swarm robotic systems, the distributed control strategy in which the modular robots are operated in a sequence of motion circles consist of ‘detection’– ‘decision’– ‘execution’ is of great significance. However, there is a limitation to the applicability of previously proposed work on the self-configuration topic, due to the fact that the self-configuration strategy execution suffers from the motion constraints of modular robots. In order to solve the problem, we propose a grid partition method that removes the gap between the locomotion of a single modular robot and the reconfiguration of the whole system. Under the analysis of the grid partition, the meta-module motion design is proposed to realize the distributed self-configuration strategy. We simulated the self-configuration in M-Lattice, a two-dimensional homogenous modular robotic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemolysis is associated with thrombosis and vascular dysfunction, which are the pathological components of many diseases. Hemolytic products, including hemoglobin and hemin, activate platelets (PLT). Despite its activation, the effect of hemolysis on platelet clearance remains unclear, It is critical to maintain a normal platelet count and ensure that circulating platelets are functionally viable. In this study, we used hemin, a degradation product of hemoglobin, as a potent agonist to treat platelets and simulate changes in vivo in mice. Hemin treatment induced activation and morphological changes in platelets, including an increase in intracellular Ca2+ levels, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and cytoskeletal rearrangement. Fewer hemin-treated platelets were cleared by macrophages in the liver after transfusion than untreated platelets. Hemin bound to glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα), the surface receptor in hemin-induced platelet activation and aggregation. Furthermore, hemin decreased GPIbα desialylation, as evidenced by reduced Ricinus communis agglutinin I (RCA- I) binding, which likely extended the lifetime of such platelets in vivo. These data provided new insight into the mechanisms of GPIbα-mediated platelet activation and clearance in hemolytic disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the need of high wear resistance， a new kind of high-vanadium high-speed steel named W3Mo4Cr5V6 was designed. The transformation behavior of metastable M2C carbides in the high temperature heating process of the steel was analyzed by means of SEM and EMPA. The results show that the cophortic M2C carbide will undergo M2C+γ-Fe→M6C+MC+M7C3 transition at high temperature heating process.A large number of W， Mo-rich M6C and a small amount of V-rich MC and Cr-rich M7C3 are formed around the Mo and W-rich M2C phase. With the increase of temperature from 950 ℃ to 1 150 ℃， the high temperature transformation of M2C carbides gradually tends to be complete and the fibrous M2C is easier to decompose and transform than lamellar M2C， and the lamellar or fibrous morphology distributed in the austenite grain boundary with discontinuous network is transformed into the granular morphology distributed at the grain boundary， which can effectively reduce the harm of network carbides to the grain boundary. The research can provide an effective reference for the composition and morphology control of carbides distributed at the grain boundaries of high-speed steel and the optimal selection of parameters such as temperature and time of hot processing and heat treatment process.