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Abstract To improve the wettability of surfactants on bituminous coal and to explore its wettability and wettability mechanism on bituminous coal, taking the Sandaogou bituminous coal as an example, a single factor experiment was carried out first. Through contact angle and surface tension experiments, three surfactants with good wettability were selected from among the nine surfactants and mixed in equal proportions two by two to determine the optimal compounding method and compounding concentration. The experimental results show that the compounding of nonionic and anionic, nonionic and zwitterionic, anionic and zwitterionic surfactants can have synergistic effects and significantly improve the wettability of bituminous coal. Among them, the 0.5 wt% SDS + 0.5 wt% CAB-50 (R2) compound surfactant had the best wettability on bituminous coal, and the contact angle and surface tension were only 15.24° and 23.62 mN/m, respectively. The surface electrostatic potential values of each material molecule were calculated by Materials Studio software based on the quantum chemistry method, and correlation analysis was carried out with wettability. The results show that the surface electrostatic potentials of CDEA, SDS and CAB-50 were greater than those of water and bituminous coal, and the region of maximum negative electrostatic potential corresponded to oxygen atoms, which are easier to adsorb on bituminous coal and water molecules. Then, through molecular dynamics simulation, the interaction energy and the distribution of contributions along the Z-axis of the water/compound surfactant/bituminous coal system at equilibrium were investigated, and finally, a spray dust reduction test was carried out in the Sandaogou Coal Mine. The results showed that the 0.5 wt% SDS + 0.5 wt% CAB-50 compound solution can be used as a water molecule adsorption carrier, prompting more water molecules to be embedded into coal molecules, increasing the relative concentration of water molecules on the surface of bituminous coal, restricting the diffusion of water molecules, and greatly improving the wettability. After the addition of 0.5 wt% SDS + 0.5 wt% CAB-50 as a spray agent, the concentration of total dust at the driver's position decreased from 65.14 to 9.11 mg/m3, the concentration of exhaled dust decreased from 30.07 to 3.35 mg/m3, and the efficiency of total and exhaled dust reduction compared with that of pure water was 86.01% and 89.35%, respectively.

The diversified clean and high-value utilization of coal plays an important role in promoting the low-carbon sustainable development of China's coal industry, and the materialization of coal is one of the important ways to enhance the level of its clean and efficient utilization. In this study, lignite-based hard carbons (LHC) were prepared by high-temperature carbonization (1000−1600 ℃) method using Huating lignite as precursor, taking full advantage of lignite's aromatic ring structure, well-developed primary pores and abundant surface active groups. The formation mechanism and evolution behavior of graphite-like microcrystals and defect structures including amorphous carbon, nanopores, and surface functional groups in LHC was explored, while the influence of carbonization temperature on the microstructure of LHC was further revealed. The electrochemical performance of different LHC as anode for sodium ion batteries (SIBs) was also tested by galvanostatic charge/discharge, galvanostatic intermittent titration and cyclic voltammetry, the influence mechanism of microstructure on the electrochemical sodium storage performance of anode materials was explored, and the electrochemical sodium storage mechanism of LHC was eventually elucidated. The results show that graphite-like microcrystalline structure and defective structures such as amorphous carbon, nanopores, and oxygen/nitrogen-containing functional groups of LHC can be effectively regulated by adjusting the carbonization temperature. When the carbonization temperature was 1400 ℃, the LHC-1400 was rich in graphite-like microcrystals with reasonable layer spacing (0.371 nm), and also had appropriate amorphous carbon and nanopores with a specific surface area of 4.92 m2/g, and oxygen/nitrogen-containing functional groups including C—O, C=O, O—C=O, pyridinic-N, pyrrolic-N, graphitic-N. The LHC-1400 as anode for SIBs can deliver a high reversible capacity of 275 mAh/g, and has a reversible capacity of 111 mAh/g at a current density of 0.2 A/g with a capacity retention rate 96% after 200 cycles, which exhibits good rate performance and cycle stability. The excellent sodium storage performance of LHC is closely related to the functions and roles of their different microstructures. The graphite-like microcrystals with reasonable layer spacing in LHC can provide a transport channel for the rapid intercalation and de-intercalation of Na+ to provide capacity with intercalated sodium storage; the defect structures such as amorphous carbon, open nanopores, and oxygen/nitrogen-containing in LHC can provide sufficient active sites for Na+ storage to contribute capacity by adsorption, and a small amount of closed pores in LHC can provide sufficient space for the storage of Na+ and supply sodium storage capacity by pore filling. The “adsorption-insertion-filling” sodium storage methods in LHC are synergistic with each other to realize its efficient electrochemical energy storage.

Abstract Background Hesperidin is a citrus flavonoid with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. However, its protective effects on bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) exposed to oxidative stress have not been elucidated. Results In this study, we investigated the effects of hesperidin on H2O2-induced oxidative stress in bMECs and the underlying molecular mechanism. We found that hesperidin attenuated H2O2-induced cell damage by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, increasing catalase (CAT) activity, and improving cell proliferation and mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, hesperidin activated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway by inducing the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the expression of its downstream genes NQO1 and HO-1, which are antioxidant enzymes involved in ROS scavenging and cellular redox balance. The protective effects of hesperidin were blocked by the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385, indicating that they were Nrf2 dependent. Conclusions Our results suggest that hesperidin could protect bMECs from oxidative stress injury by activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting that hesperidin as a natural antioxidant has positive potential as a feed additive or plant drug to promote the health benefits of bovine mammary. Graphical Abstract

In the domain of gas pipeline operations, significant safety hazards prevail. This study delves into the triggering mechanisms behind gas pipeline leakage incidents, pinpoints key risk factors contributing to these occurrences, and proposes effective control measures. By classifying risk coupling forms associated with various accidents, the N-K model formula is utilized to assess the coupling degree of primary risk factors. The resultant coupling relationship is integrated into the University of California at Irvine NETwork (UCINET), forming a complex network model for quantitative analysis. Secondary risk factors' coupling degrees are measured, and the network's characteristic parameters are scrutinized. Noteworthy risk factors within the network include improper maintenance (A3), unclear or missing signage (C4), equipment aging and wear (B10), unauthorized occupation of ground space (C5), failure to implement rules and regulations (D3), and failure of electrical protection (B5). By controlling the above risk factors, disrupting the coupling process of risk factors, and blocking the transmission pathways of risk factors, the objective is to prevent leakage incidents and ensure the safe operation of gas pipelines.

Background: This research probed the relevant mechanism of miR-379-3p by regulating suppressor of cytokine signaling1 (SOCS1) in the processes of inflammation, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis in fat grafting. An increasing body of research indicates the involvement of miRNA/mRNA pathways in the process of fat transplantation, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Results: miR-379-3p knockdown improved the survival rate of adipocytes, promoted adipose tissue angiogenesis, and reduced inflammation and oxidative stress levels. miR-379-3p targeted SOCS1. SOCS1 upregulation improved adipose tissue survival and angiogenesis and reduced inflammation. miR-379-3p affected adipose tissue survival, angiogenesis, and inflammation by targeting SOCS1 expression. Conclusions: miR-379-3p inhibits fat grafting survival and angiogenesis by targeting SOCS1 to mediate adipose inflammation, suffering a novel way to improve fat grafting technique development.How to cite: Zhu J, Zhao F, Han X, et al. miR-379-3p inhibits fat grafting survival and angiogenesis by targeting SOCS1-mediated adipose inflammation. Electron J Biotechnol 2024:67. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2023.11.001.

This study investigates the effect of altitude on the fatty acid composition of pasture grass, yak milk, and yak ghee on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, aiming to understand how environmental factors influence the nutritional quality of these products. Samples were collected from four different altitudes and analyzed for fatty acid profiles using gas chromatography. The analysis reveals that higher altitudes are associated with an increased prevalence of beneficial unsaturated fatty acids, such as oleic acid (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6c). These findings highlight the significant influence of altitude on yak lipid metabolism, ultimately enhancing the nutritional value of dairy products. This adaptation not only supports the health and resilience of yaks, but also provides vital nutritional benefits to residents in high-altitude regions. The research underscores the importance of further investigations to optimize dairy production practices, ensuring improved food security and health outcomes for residents of the plateau.