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PurposeTo explore the influence of corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) on dynamic visual acuity (DVA) post cataract surgery.MethodsA total of 27 patients with 45 eyes following cataract surgery were included in this study. The postoperative monocular object-moving DVA at the velocity of 20, 40, and 80 degrees per second (dps) were examined at 1 month. The total corneal HOAs were measured with Scheimpflug-based corneal topography. The correlation between postoperative DVA and HOAs was analyzed.ResultsSignificant difference was shown among DVA at different velocities (P < 0.001). The 20 dps DVA was significantly better than 40 (P < 0.001) and 80 (P < 0.001) dps DVA. No significant difference was observed between 40 and 80 dps DVA (P = 0.420). The vertical coma and the root mean square (RMS) of coma (RMScoma) were statistically correlated with 80 dps DVA (P < 0.05). The vertical trefoil, RMStrefoil and total RMSHOA were statistically correlated with 40 and 80 dps DVA (P < 0.05). The spherical aberration was not significantly associated with postoperative DVA (P > 0.05 for all velocites). The multivariate linear regression model revealed that age was a significant influential factor for 20 dps DVA (P = 0.002), and RMStrefoil (4 mm) and age were significantly associated with 40 and 80 dps DVA (P ≤ 0.01).ConclusionThe research demonstrated that larger corneal HOAs, especially coma and trefoil aberrations were significantly associated with worse high-speed DVA, but not spherical aberration post cataract surgery.

Chronic hepatitis (CH) encompasses a prevalent array of liver conditions that significantly contribute to global morbidity and mortality. Yiguanjian (YGJ) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine with a long history of medicinal as a treatment for CH. Although it has been reported that YGJ can reduce liver inflammation, the intricate mechanism requires further elucidation. We used network pharmacology approaches in this work, such as gene ontology (GO) analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, and network-based analysis of protein-protein interactions (PPIs), to clarify the pharmacological constituents, potential therapeutic targets, and YGJ signaling pathways associated with CH. Employing the random walk restart (RWR) algorithm, we identified GNAS, GNB1, CYP2E1, SFTPC, F2, MAPK3, PLG, SRC, HDAC1, and STAT3 as pivotal targets within the PPI network of YGJ-CH. YGJ attenuated liver inflammation and inhibited GNAS/STAT3 signaling in vivo. In vitro, we overexpressed the GNAS gene further to verify the critical role of GNAS in YGJ treatment. Our findings highlight GNAS/STAT3 as a promising therapeutic target for CH, providing a basis and direction for future investigations.

With the advent of artificial intelligence, ship segmentation has become a critical component in the development of intelligent maritime surveillance systems. However, due to the increasing number of ships and the increasingly complex maritime traffic environment, the target features in these ship images are often not clear enough, and the key details cannot be clearly identified, which brings difficulty to the segmentation task. To tackle these issues, we present an approach that leverages state-of-the-art technology to improve the precision of ship segmentation in complex environments. Firstly, we employ a multi-scale context features module using different convolutional kernels to extract a richer set of semantic features from the images. Secondly, an enhanced spatial pyramid pooling (SPP) module is integrated into the encoder’s final layer, which significantly expands the receptive field and captures a wider range of contextual information. Furthermore, we introduce an attention module with a multi-scale structure to effectively obtain the interactions between the encoding–decoding processes and enhance the network’s ability to exchange information between layers. Finally, we performed comprehensive experiments on the public SeaShipsSeg and MariBoatsSubclass open-source datasets to validate the efficacy of our approach. Through ablation studies, we demonstrated the effectiveness of each individual component and confirmed its contribution to the overall system performance. In addition, comparative experiments with current state-of-the-art algorithms showed that our MSCF-Net excelled in both accuracy and robustness. This research provides an innovative insight that establishes a strong foundation for further advancements in the accuracy and performance of ship segmentation techniques.

Objectives. To investigate the effect of 2% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and bandage contact lens (BCL) on dry eye disease after cataract surgery. Methods. This prospective randomized controlled trial included 63 eyes which were divided into the balanced salt solution (BSS), HPMC, BCL, and combined HPMC and BCL (H&B) groups. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear meniscus height (TMH), and average tear break-up time were measured before cataract surgery and 30 days postoperatively. Differences in corneal nerve fiber (CNF) and dendritic cell (DC) density in various directions were evaluated and compared. The CNFs and DCs in central and infratemporal directions were observed using in vivo confocal microscopy. Data were evaluated using the Kruskal–Wallis rank-sum test and analysis of variance. Results. The differences in variations in OSDI and TMH after cataract surgery between the four groups were statistically significant (P