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Off-site construction (OSC) is an environmentally friendly building method with substantial benefits, yet it encounters challenges, particularly in supply chain efficiency. Current research on off-site construction supply chain (OSCSC) challenges faces issues such as dispersion, cross-disciplinarity, and timeliness. This is despite a number of studies in recent years focusing on the optimization of OSCSC to improve their performance and efficiency. However, the current literature still lacks a comprehensive summary of OSCSC problems, which hinders the popularization of OSC. To address this, improve OSCSC efficiency, and enhance OSC practicability, this paper conducted a thorough review of 244 published articles. Utilizing bibliometrics and scientometrics methods, it identified research trends, prominent researchers, and topics. Current OSCSC issues were further extracted and classified from the internal supply chain perspective. The findings reveal key issues hindering OSCSC efficiency, offering practitioners, policymakers, and researchers a nuanced understanding of current research issues. In addition, this paper provides future research directions and performance optimization recommendations, contributing to solving OSCSC challenges and exploring innovative solutions for continuous improvement in the OSCSC field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We apply the Ralph et al. scaling method to a reanalysis dataset to examine the climatology and variability of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) along the western North American coastline during 1980–2019. The local perspective ranks AR intensity on a scale from 1 (weak) to 5 (strong) at each grid point along the coastline. The object-based perspective analyzes the characteristics of spatially independent and temporally coherent AR objects making landfall. The local perspective shows that the annual AR frequency of weak and strong ARs along the coast is highest in Oregon and Washington and lowest in Southern California. Strong ARs occur less frequently than weak ARs and have a more pronounced seasonal cycle. If those ARs with integrated water vapor transport (IVT) weaker than 250 kg m−1 s−1 are included, there is an enhanced seasonal cycle of AR frequency in Southern California and a seasonal cycle of AR intensity but not AR frequency in Alaska. The object-based analysis additionally indicates that strong ARs at lower latitudes are associated with stronger wind than weak ARs but similar moisture, whereas strong ARs at higher latitudes are associated with greater moisture than weak ARs but similar wind. For strong ARs, IVT at the core is largest for ARs in Oregon and Washington and smaller poleward and equatorward. Both IVT in the AR core and cumulative IVT along the coastline usually decrease after the first day of landfall for weak ARs but increase from the first to second day for strong ARs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, the photoelectric properties of Ta‐doped β‐Ga2O3 are studied based on first‐principles density functional theory calculation. The effects of interstitial H and O vacancies on the properties of the system are also considered. The electronic structure, dielectric function, absorption spectrum, mobility, and conductivity of all the systems are studied and analyzed. The results show that Ta‐doped β‐Ga2O3 is an n‐type direct‐bandgap semiconductor. With the increase in Ta doping concentration, the dielectric constant, polarization ability, and charge binding ability of the system gradually increase, the bandgap gradually narrows, and the absorption spectra of systems redshift. The main absorption wavelengths of all systems are in the wavelength range of less than 300 nm. Therefore, Ta‐doped β‐Ga2O3 has an ultraviolet detection ability. The introduction of Ta is beneficial to improve the conductivity of the system. Interstitial H can improve the conductivity of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the decomposition of trade-related production activities in the global value chain, we analyze the characteristics of Asian countries from inter- and intra- Asian regional value chain (ARVC) perspectives between 2009 and 2019. Then, we investigate how Asian countries' inter- and intra-ARVC positions influence their gross output in the global value chain. The results illustrate that the inter-ARVC position is positively correlated to the gross output for countries with large economies of scale. Furthermore, the inter-ARVC position is employed as the threshold variable to evaluate Asian countries' performance in the intra-ARVC. When their inter-ARVC position is below the threshold value, increasing the intra-ARVC position cannot increase their gross output for all Asian countries. Countries with large economies of scale could benefit through intra-ARVC with a higher threshold value of inter-ARVC position compared with countries with small economies of scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), including childhood maltreatment, have been linked with increased risk of diabetes and obesity during adulthood. A comprehensive assessment on the associations between childhood maltreatment and all major endocrine diseases, as well as the relative importance of different proposed mechanistic pathways on these associations, is currently lacking. Methods: Based on the UK Biobank, we constructed a cohort including 151,659 participants with self-reported data on childhood maltreatment who were 30 years of age or older on/after January 1, 1985. All participants were followed from the index date (i.e., January 1, 1985, or their 30th birthday, whichever came later) until the first diagnosis of any or specific (12 individual diagnoses and 9 subtypes) endocrine diseases, death, or the end of follow-up (December 31, 2019), whichever occurred first. We used Cox models to examine the association of childhood maltreatment, treated as continuous (i.e., the cumulative number of experienced childhood maltreatment), ordinal (i.e., 0, 1 and ≥ 2), or binary (< 2 and ≥ 2) variable, with any and specific endocrine diseases, adjusted for multiple covariates. We further examined the risk of having multiple endocrine diseases using Linear or Logistic Regression models. Then, sequential mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of four possible mechanisms (i.e., suboptimal socioeconomic status (SES), psychological adversities, unfavorable lifestyle, and biological alterations) on the observed associations. Results: During an average follow-up of 30.8 years, 20,885 participants received a diagnosis of endocrine diseases. We observed an association between the cumulative number of experienced childhood maltreatment and increased risk of being diagnosed with any endocrine disease (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.09–1.12). The HR was 1.26 (1.22–1.30) when comparing individuals ≥ 2 with those with < 2 experienced childhood maltreatment. We further noted the most pronounced associations for type 2 diabetes (1.40 (1.33–1.48)) and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA)-axis-related endocrine diseases (1.38 (1.17–1.62)), and the association was stronger for having multiple endocrine diseases, compared to having one (odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.24 (1.19–1.30), 1.35 (1.27–1.44), and 1.52 (1.52–1.53) for 1, 2, and ≥ 3, respectively). Sequential mediation analyses showed that the association between childhood maltreatment and endocrine diseases was consistently and most distinctly mediated by psychological adversities (15.38 ~ 44.97%), while unfavorable lifestyle (10.86 ~ 25.32%) was additionally noted for type 2 diabetes whereas suboptimal SES (14.42 ~ 39.33%) for HPA-axis-related endocrine diseases. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that adverse psychological sequel of childhood maltreatment constitutes the main pathway to multiple endocrine diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes and HPA-axis-related endocrine diseases. Therefore, increased access to evidence-based mental health services may also be pivotal in reducing the risk of endocrine diseases among childhood maltreatment-exposed individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphism, additional gene–gene interaction, and haplotypes on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).SNPstats online software (https://www.snpstats.net/start.htm) was employed to evaluate the association between CRP gene and T2DM risk. High-order interactions among SNPs was tested using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction, and the testing balanced accuracy, training balanced accuracy and cross-validation consistency were calculated. The SHEsisPlus (http://shesisplus.bio-x.cn/SHEsis.html) online software was used for haplotype analysis.A total of 730 T2DM patients and 765 controls were enrolled. The T allele of rs1205 is associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, OR (95% CI) were 1.51 (1.13–2.01), 1.44 (1.10–1.89) and 1.25 (1.01–1.54) for codominant, dominant and over-dominant models, respectively. We also found that minor allele of rs2794521 is associated with decreased susceptibility to T2DM under codominant and recessive models, OR (95%CI) were 0.38 (0.18–0.79) and 0.37 (0.16–0.80) for codominant and recessive models, respectively. No significant gene–gene interaction existed among CRP gene SNPs, all interaction p- values were more than 0.05. Haplotype analyses suggested the CGCA haplotype containing rs1205-C, rs1130864-G, rs2794521- C and rs3093059- A allele was associated with decreased risk of T2DM, OR (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.68–0.98), P = 0.047.Minor allele of rs1205 was associated with increased T2DM risk. Minor allele of rs2794521 and the CGCA haplotype were associated with decreased T2DM risk.Methods: We aimed to evaluate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphism, additional gene–gene interaction, and haplotypes on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).SNPstats online software (https://www.snpstats.net/start.htm) was employed to evaluate the association between CRP gene and T2DM risk. High-order interactions among SNPs was tested using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction, and the testing balanced accuracy, training balanced accuracy and cross-validation consistency were calculated. The SHEsisPlus (http://shesisplus.bio-x.cn/SHEsis.html) online software was used for haplotype analysis.A total of 730 T2DM patients and 765 controls were enrolled. The T allele of rs1205 is associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, OR (95% CI) were 1.51 (1.13–2.01), 1.44 (1.10–1.89) and 1.25 (1.01–1.54) for codominant, dominant and over-dominant models, respectively. We also found that minor allele of rs2794521 is associated with decreased susceptibility to T2DM under codominant and recessive models, OR (95%CI) were 0.38 (0.18–0.79) and 0.37 (0.16–0.80) for codominant and recessive models, respectively. No significant gene–gene interaction existed among CRP gene SNPs, all interaction p- values were more than 0.05. Haplotype analyses suggested the CGCA haplotype containing rs1205-C, rs1130864-G, rs2794521- C and rs3093059- A allele was associated with decreased risk of T2DM, OR (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.68–0.98), P = 0.047.Minor allele of rs1205 was associated with increased T2DM risk. Minor allele of rs2794521 and the CGCA haplotype were associated with decreased T2DM risk.Results: We aimed to evaluate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphism, additional gene–gene interaction, and haplotypes on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).SNPstats online software (https://www.snpstats.net/start.htm) was employed to evaluate the association between CRP gene and T2DM risk. High-order interactions among SNPs was tested using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction, and the testing balanced accuracy, training balanced accuracy and cross-validation consistency were calculated. The SHEsisPlus (http://shesisplus.bio-x.cn/SHEsis.html) online software was used for haplotype analysis.A total of 730 T2DM patients and 765 controls were enrolled. The T allele of rs1205 is associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, OR (95% CI) were 1.51 (1.13–2.01), 1.44 (1.10–1.89) and 1.25 (1.01–1.54) for codominant, dominant and over-dominant models, respectively. We also found that minor allele of rs2794521 is associated with decreased susceptibility to T2DM under codominant and recessive models, OR (95%CI) were 0.38 (0.18–0.79) and 0.37 (0.16–0.80) for codominant and recessive models, respectively. No significant gene–gene interaction existed among CRP gene SNPs, all interaction p- values were more than 0.05. Haplotype analyses suggested the CGCA haplotype containing rs1205-C, rs1130864-G, rs2794521- C and rs3093059- A allele was associated with decreased risk of T2DM, OR (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.68–0.98), P = 0.047.Minor allele of rs1205 was associated with increased T2DM risk. Minor allele of rs2794521 and the CGCA haplotype were associated with decreased T2DM risk.Conclusions: We aimed to evaluate the impact of C-reactive protein (CRP) gene polymorphism, additional gene–gene interaction, and haplotypes on susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).SNPstats online software (https://www.snpstats.net/start.htm) was employed to evaluate the association between CRP gene and T2DM risk. High-order interactions among SNPs was tested using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction, and the testing balanced accuracy, training balanced accuracy and cross-validation consistency were calculated. The SHEsisPlus (http://shesisplus.bio-x.cn/SHEsis.html) online software was used for haplotype analysis.A total of 730 T2DM patients and 765 controls were enrolled. The T allele of rs1205 is associated with increased susceptibility to T2DM, OR (95% CI) were 1.51 (1.13–2.01), 1.44 (1.10–1.89) and 1.25 (1.01–1.54) for codominant, dominant and over-dominant models, respectively. We also found that minor allele of rs2794521 is associated with decreased susceptibility to T2DM under codominant and recessive models, OR (95%CI) were 0.38 (0.18–0.79) and 0.37 (0.16–0.80) for codominant and recessive models, respectively. No significant gene–gene interaction existed among CRP gene SNPs, all interaction p- values were more than 0.05. Haplotype analyses suggested the CGCA haplotype containing rs1205-C, rs1130864-G, rs2794521- C and rs3093059- A allele was associated with decreased risk of T2DM, OR (95% CI) = 0.83 (0.68–0.98), P = 0.047.Minor allele of rs1205 was associated with increased T2DM risk. Minor allele of rs2794521 and the CGCA haplotype were associated with decreased T2DM risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• N-deficient citrus leaves and roots kept high abilities to detoxify ROS and MG. • N-deficiency (ND) affected ROS and MG metabolism more in roots than in leaves. • ND enhanced n distribution in roots and R/S, and delayed root senescence. • ND reduced MDA levels and electrolyte leakage in citrus leaves and roots. Nitrogen-deficiency (ND) usually occurs in some citrus orchard soils in China. The roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methylglyoxal (MG) generation and their detoxification systems in ND tolerance of horticultural woody plants still need to be revealed. For the first time, we examined the effects of ND on ROS and MG generation and their detoxification systems in leaves and roots of Citrus sinensis seedlings. The objectives are to test the hypotheses that N-deficient leaves and roots can keep high abilities to scavenge ROS and MG, thereby protecting them from oxidative damage, and that ND-induced alterations of ROS and MG formation and their detoxification systems in leaves and roots are different. ND augmented superoxide anion production rate and MG concentrations, but it decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and electrolyte leakage in leaves and roots. ND increased the activities of most enzymes involved in ROS (ascorbate-glutathione cycle-related enzymes, antioxidant enzymes, and sulfur metabolism-related enzymes) and MG (glyoxalases) detoxification expressed on a protein basis with a few exceptions, and the concentrations of ascorbate, phytochelatins, and total non-protein thiols in leaves and roots. These results suggested that nitrogen-deficient leaves and roots could keep high abilities to detoxify ROS and MG, and protect them from oxidative damage. Generally viewed, ND affected the production and removal of ROS and MG more in roots than in leaves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate predictors of anticoagulation efficacy in deep venous thrombosis (DVT) by ultrasound elastography (UE). METHODS: The basic clinical, laboratory and ultrasound treatment data of fifty-eight patients with DVT were collected and analyzed. Then the results of ultrasound after 3-month anticoagulation treatment were compared among different groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors that affected anticoagulation efficacy. The predictive efficacy of each independent risk factor was accessed by drawing operating characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS: According to the regression analysis, the elastic modulus (OR = 0.631, P = 0.001) and strain rate ratio (OR = 0.332, P = 0.006) were identified as independent risk factors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy in patients with DVT. According to the ROC curves, elastic modulus and strain rate ratio could predict effective anticoagulation therapy for DVT, and the optimal threshold values were 22.10 kPa and 1.80 respectively. The corresponding AUC values were 0.879 and 0.854, with a sensitivity of 71.4% and 59.5%, a specificity of 93.7%, and a Youden index of 65.1% and 62.7%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The elastic modulus (≤22.10 kPa) or strain rate ratio (≤1.80) of the thrombus were independent predictors for the effectiveness of anticoagulation therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pathogenic variants of the IRF2BPL gene have been reported to cause neurodevelopmental disorders; however, studies focused on IRF2BPL in zebrafish are limited. Results: We reported three probands diagnosed with developmental delay and epilepsy and investigated the role of IRF2BPL in neurodevelopmental disorders in zebrafish. The clinical and genetic characteristics of three patients with neurodevelopmental disorder with regression, abnormal movements, loss of speech and seizures (NEDAMSS) were collected. Three de novo variants (NM_024496.4: c.1171 C > T, p.Arg391Cys; c.1157 C > T, p.Thr386Met; and c.273_307del, p.Ala92Thrfs*29) were detected and classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic according to ACMG guidelines. Zebrafish crispants with disruption of the ortholog gene irf2bpl demonstrated a reduced body length and spontaneous ictal-like and interictal-like discharges in an electrophysiology study. After their spasms were controlled, they gain some development improvements. Conclusion: We contribute two new pathogenic variants for IRF2BPL related developmental epileptic disorder which provided evidences for genetic counseling. In zebrafish model, we for the first time confirm that disruption of irf2bpl could introduce spontaneous electrographic seizures which mimics key phenotypes in human patients. Our follow-up results suggest that timely cessation of spasmodic seizures can improve the patient's neurodevelopment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts (MLC) is a rare, inherited disorder that causes epilepsy, intellectual disorders, and early onset macrocephaly. MLC1 has been identified as a main pathogenic gene. Methods: Clinical data such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), routine blood tests, and physical examinations were collected from proband. Trio whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of the family was performed, and all variants with a minor allele frequency (<0.01) in the exon and canonical splicing sites were selected for further pathogenic evaluation. Candidate variants were validated using Sanger sequencing. Results: Here, we report a new homozygous variant identified in two children from the same family in the MLC1 gene [NM_015166.4: c.838_843delinsATTTTA, (p.Ser280_Phe281delinsIleLeu)]. This variant is classified as variant of uncertain significance (VUS) according to the ACMG guidelines. Further experiments demonstrate that the newly identified variant causes a decrease of MLC1 protein levels when expressed in a heterologous expression system. Conclusion: Our case expands on this genetic variation and provides new evidence for the clinical diagnosis of MLC1‐related MLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyrazinoic acid (POA) is a metabolite of the anti-tuberculosis drug pyrazinamide (PZA), and its detection can be used to assess the resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in cultures, as only sensitive strains of the bacteria can metabolize PZA into POA. Prussian blue is a well-known metal-organic framework compound widely used in various sensing platforms such as electrochemical, photochemical, and magnetic sensors. In this study, we present a novel sensing platform based on Prussian blue-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) designed to enhance the affinity of POA towards the sensing surface and to capture POA molecules from aqueous solutions. This SERS-based method allows for the selective enrichment of POA, which can be detected in both pure aqueous solution and in the presence of its pro-drug PZA. The limit of detection (LOD) for POA was estimated to be 1.08 μM in pure aqueous solution and 0.18 mM in the presence of PZA. Furthermore, the precision of the SERS method was verified by the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.34–12.02% for three parallel samples using different matrices, i.e. aqueous solution, spiked river water and spiked simulated saliva. The recoveries of the samples ranged from 92.65 to 118.51%. These all demonstrate the potential application of the proposed detection scheme in medical research. [Display omitted] • SERS-based platform employing Prussian Blue (PB) for capturing the target analyte from aqueous solution. • High affinity of pyrazinoic acid (POA) towards the PB surface to enrich the analyte in close vicinity to the SERS-active surface. • Detection scheme in presence of the pro-drug pyrazinamide (PZA) shows selective capturing of POA. • High potential to be used in assessing resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in culture medium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is an important tool in precision medicine as it allows estimating pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic effects of drugs in clinical settings. An accurate, fast and real-time determination of the drug concentrations in patients ensures fast decision-making processes at the bedside to optimize the clinical treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), which is based on the application of metallic nanostructured substrates to amplify the inherent weak Raman signal, is a promising technique in medical research due to its molecular specificity and trace sensitivity accompanied with short detection times. Therefore, we developed a SERS-based detection scheme using silicon nanowires decorated with silver nanoparticles, fabricated by means of top-down etching combined with chemical deposition, to detect the antibiotic ceftriaxone (CRO) in spiked fresh plasma and microdialysis samples. We successfully detected CRO in both matrices with an LOD of 94 μM in protein-depleted fresh plasma and 1.4 μM in microdialysate. [Display omitted] • Ag@SiNWs SERS substrates enabled quantification of ceftriaxone in blood-derived fluids. • For fresh plasma, competition for free binding sites at the sensor surface can be avoided by protein precipitation. • Use of microdialysates reduces interfering background signals in ceftriaxone detection. • Direct SERS in blood-derived, protein-depleted fluids has a great potential for TDM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report an environmentally friendly renewable nanocomposite magnetic lignin-based palladium nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs) for efficient wastewater treatment by decorating palladium nanoparticles without using any toxic reducing agents on the magnetic lignin abstracted from Poplar. The structure of composite Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs was unambiguously confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, and Zeta potential. After systematic evaluation of the use and efficiency of the composite to remove toxic organic dyes in wastewater, some promising results were observed as follows: Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs exhibits highly active and efficient performance in the removal of toxic methylene blue (MB) (up to 99.8 %) wastewater in 2 min at different concentrations of MB and different pH values. Moreover, except for toxic MB, the other organic dyes including Rhodamine B (RhB), Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G), and Methyl Orange (MO) can also be removed efficiently by the composite. Finally, the easily recovered composite Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs exhibits well stability and reusability, and catalytic efficiency is maintained well after ten cycles. In conclusion, the lignin-based magnetism Pd composite exhibits powerful potential practical application in industrial wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report an environmentally friendly renewable nanocomposite magnetic lignin-based palladium nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs) for efficient wastewater treatment by decorating palladium nanoparticles without using any toxic reducing agents on the magnetic lignin abstracted from Poplar. The structure of composite Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs was unambiguously confirmed by XRD, SEM, TEM, EDS, FTIR, and Zeta potential. After systematic evaluation of the use and efficiency of the composite to remove toxic organic dyes in wastewater, some promising results were observed as follows: Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs exhibits highly active and efficient performance in the removal of toxic methylene blue (MB) (up to 99.8 %) wastewater in 2 min at different concentrations of MB and different pH values. Moreover, except for toxic MB, the other organic dyes including Rhodamine B (RhB), Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G), and Methyl Orange (MO) can also be removed efficiently by the composite. Finally, the easily recovered composite Fe 3 O 4 -lignin@Pd-NPs exhibits well stability and reusability, and catalytic efficiency is maintained well after ten cycles. In conclusion, the lignin-based magnetism Pd composite exhibits powerful potential practical application in industrial wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) is an important pathogen of hospital-acquired pneumonia, which can lead to sepsis and death in severe cases. In this study, we simulated pneumonia induced by Kpn infection in mice to investigate the therapeutic effect of naringin (NAR) on bacterial-induced lung inflammation. Mice infected with Kpn exhibited increases in white blood cells (WBC) and neutrophils in the peripheral blood and pathological severe injury of the lungs. This injury was manifested by increased expression of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)− 18, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6, and elevated the expression of NLRP3 protein. NAR treatment could decrease the protein expression of NLRP3, alleviate lung inflammation, and reduce lung injury in mice caused by Kpn. Meanwhile, molecular docking results suggest NAR could bind to NLRP3 and Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) analyses also confirm this result. In vitro trials, we found that pretreated with NAR not only inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB protein P65 but also attenuated the protein interaction of NLRP3, caspase-1 and ASC and inhibited the assembly of NLRP3 inflammasome in mice AMs. Additionally, NAR could reduce intracellular potassium (K+) efflux, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation. These results indicated that NAR could protect against Kpn-induced pneumonia by inhibiting the overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. The results of this study confirm the efficacy of NAR in treating bacterial pneumonia, refine the mechanism of action of NAR, and provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of NAR as an anti-inflammatory adjuvant. [Display omitted] • NAR showed remarkable therapeutic effects on pneumonia induced by Kpn in mice. • NLRP3 was identified as a binding target of NAR by molecular docking and SPR assay. • NAR inhibited the Priming signal and Activation signal of NLRP3 inflammasome. • NAR inhibits NLRP3 complex protein interactions and assembly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]