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Abstract: A 51-year-old HIV-positive man treated with atazanavir for 9 months presented with anuria following right flank pain. Laboratory examination indicated renal insufficiency, and abdominopelvic computed tomography scanning showed bilateral hydroureteronephrosis, but no stones were visualized. Endoscopic procedures were performed to investigate the causes of ureteral obstruction and, if possible, to insert Double-J stents in the ureters. A yellowish stone composed of pure atazanavir was found at the right ureteral orifice, and retrograde pyelography revealed a filling defect in the left ureter found to be caused by an atazanavir stone. The patient’s renal function recovered after removal of these stones.

A recent study conducted at the National Cancer Center in Kashiwa, Japan, has provided new data on residual neoplasms. The researchers developed a technology called "DimShift" which allows for the measurement of copy number abnormalities in individual cells using single-cell droplet PCR. The results showed that the qualitative results obtained from peripheral blood using DimShift were consistent with those obtained from bone marrow. This new methodology shows promise for the detection of minimal residual disease in malignant diseases using both bone marrow and peripheral blood samples. [Extracted from the article]