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In order to achieve metallurgical bonding in the form of solid solution at the Cu/W interface and avoid the formation of intermetallic compounds, the novel high entropy alloys (HEAs) were designed on the basis of the mature high entropy alloy criteria. The CuCrCoFeNixTi high entropy alloys interlayers were applied to weld the CuW and CuCr bimetals by sintering–infiltration technology. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction were used to explore the interfacial microstructure evolutions and strengthening mechanism of CuW/CuCr joints with applied HEA interlayers. The interfacial characterization results show that HEAs were diffused and dissolved into bimetallic materials, and a diffusion solution layer of 2–3 μm thickness was formed at the Cu/W phase interface, and there is no new phase generated at the CuW/CuCr interface. When CuCrCoFeNi1.5Ti interlayer was infiltrated into the CuW/CuCr interface, the electrical conductivity of CuCr side is 71.6%IACS, and the interfacial tensile strength reaches 484.5 MPa. Compared with the CuW/CuCr integral material without interlayer, the interfacial bonding strength is increased by 43.1%. And the SEM fracture morphology presents a larger amount of cleavage fractures of W particles. It indicates the appropriate solid solution layer on edge of W skeletons formed at the Cu/W phases interface. The Cu/W phase interface is strengthened, and it can effectively transfer and disperse the external load. Tungsten phase with higher elastic modulus endures a large amount of load, resulting in enhancing the CuW/CuCr interfacial bonding strength. When CuCrCoFeNi2Ti high entropy alloy interlayer was applied, the W skeleton near the CuW/CuCr interface was eroded, the imperfect W skeleton cannot withstand the tensile load effectively, resulting in decrease in the CuW/CuCr interfacial bonding strength. In the interfacial fracture, appears some fragmentations of W particles, and fewer W particles occur at the cleavage fracture.

Hydrogen-induced embrittlement is a significant safety concern for steel pipelines used in the transmission of hydrogen-blended natural gas. To mitigate this issue, hydrogen barrier coatings can be applied to the surface of steel substrates to reduce hydrogen permeation. In this study, rare earth oxides were optimized via first-principles calculations to identify the most effective doping agents. Subsequently, a FexAly/Al/Al2O3 composite coating doped with La2O3 and Ce2O3 was successfully applied to the surface of X80 steel using hot-dip aluminum plating combined with anodic oxidation. The coating was characterized using various techniques, including SEM, EDS, XRD, XPS, and hydrogen permeation tests. The results demonstrated that co-doping La2O3 and Ce2O3 resulted in a lower adsorption energy of Al2O3 to hydrogen molecules, and improved the surface quality of the aluminizing layer and the composite coating. Electrochemical hydrogen permeation tests showed that the FexAly/Al/Al2O3 composite coating significantly improved the hydrogen barrier property of X80 steel. The anodizing current density was found to have a significant effect on the coating's morphology, which in turn affected the hydrogen barrier property of the coating. The composite coating obtained at an anodizing current density of 2 A/dm2 was uniform and dense, without noticeable defects, and exhibited the best hydrogen barrier property. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]