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The formation of environmental literacy in the education system through education for sustainable development (EfSD) experiences many obstacles. The aim of the research is to analyze the impact of interdisciplinary science learning for interdisciplinary oriented education for sustainable development to improve interdisciplinary thinking and environmental literacy of prospective teachers. The experimental method with a quasi-experimental pretest posttest group design was used in this study. The data collection technique used is an environmental literacy questionnaire and an interdisciplinary thinking test. Data analysis technique used independent t test. The results obtained were that the science interdisciplinary learning effective in improving interdisciplinary thinking performance and environmental literacy. The performance of students' interdisciplinary thinking affects environmental literacy of students. The university forms student teacher candidates who have the ability to think interdisciplinary so that they can manage science learning in an interdisciplinary and environmentally literate manner. The implication of this research is the importance of fostering interdisciplinary thinking and environmental literacy at all levels of education.

Conventional methods for diagnosing tuberculosis (TB), a significant global health challenge, often have drawbacks like time-consuming procedures, limited sensitivity, and the need for complex, expensive infrastructure. Hence, the development of electrochemical immunosensors has emerged as a promising strategy for TB detection due to their simplicity, speed, sensitivity, portability, and cost-effectiveness. In this study, we developed a rapid, simple, and low-cost immunosensor using a lab-made screen-printed electrode (SPE) based on the peptide TB 68-G as a recognition site. This synthetic peptide is composed of two important parts, one with an affinity for graphene materials and the other able to interact with anti-M. tuberculosis antibodies. This structural configuration allows for effective modification of the electrode surface while maintaining the ability to recognize the target. The proposed label-free electrochemical immunosensor was tested against M. tuberculosis antibodies and demonstrated a detection limit of 192 ng mL -1 with an R 2 value of 0.98. The diagnostic platform exhibited selectivity against nonspecific antibodies and successfully differentiated between negative and positive human serum samples with a 95 % confidence interval. This simple and affordable immunosensor holds great potential to impact TB control by enabling effective detection and improving disease surveillance., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)