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Objective: To evaluate oral health care practices, health status, and dental treatment needs in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Methods: This cross-sectional study included 96 children diagnosed with ASD per the DSM-V criteria and 96 typically developing healthy children. The WHO form assessed oral health status and dental treatment needs. Results: Over 50 % of ASD children had mild/moderate autism, 35.4 % had severe autism, and 13.5 % had autistic traits. ASD children experienced more toothbrushing difficulties compared to non-ASD children. Based on Nyvad's criteria and decayed/filled teeth (dft) index, non-ASD children had higher caries prevalence than ASD children, indicating less need for restorative treatments in the ASD group. However, ASD children had poorer plaque scores than non-ASD children. A significantly higher percentage of ASD children exhibited harmful oral behaviors, including mouth breathing, lip biting, bruxism, nail biting, object biting, and self-injury (p

BackgroundCommunity-acquired acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a sudden structural damage and loss of kidney function in otherwise healthy individuals outside of hospital settings having high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Long-term sequelae of AKI involve an associated risk of progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Serum creatinine (SCr), the currently used clinical parameter for diagnosing AKI, varies greatly with age, gender, diet, and muscle mass. In the present study, we investigated the difference in urinary proteomic profile of subjects that recovered (R) and incompletely recovered (IR) from CA-AKI, 4 months after hospital discharge.MethodsStudy subjects were recruited from ongoing study of CA-AKI cohort. Patients with either sex or age > 18 years with no underline CKD were enrolled at the time of hospital discharge. Incomplete recovery from CA-AKI was defined as eGFR 2.0, abundance ratio adj. p-value

Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage kidney disease, offering improved outcomes compared to dialysis. However, factors such as immunological rejection, drug toxicity, and infections limit its success. Incorporating protocol biopsies (PBs) into standard care for kidney transplant recipients varies widely. This study aims to review the literature on the practice, histopathological findings, and benefits of performing PB on allograft function. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and other databases from 2000 to 2023. Studies describing findings of PBs within 2 years posttransplant were included. Data extraction covered study design, immunosuppression, biopsy timing, incidence of subclinical rejection (SCR), clinical rejection, and allograft function measures. Statistical analysis was performed using R and RevMan software. Results: Among 25 studies (3384 patients) included, 8 were randomized controlled studies. Protocol biopsy timing varied, with the highest number performed at 1 year (44.84%). The pooled incidence of SCR was 13%, with heterogeneity across estimates. Subgroup analysis did not reveal significant differences in SCR rates between high- and low-immunologic risk patients. Patients who underwent PBs had lower clinical rejection rates (12.64% vs. 20.17%) and better allograft function. Incidence of calcineurin inhibitor toxicity ranged from 1.2% to 63.4%, and BK virus nephropathy ranged from 0% to 5.9% in included studies. Conclusion: Performing PB at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years posttransplant can reveal SCR and potentially improve long-term graft outcomes. Treatment of SCR may reduce clinical rejection episodes. However, further research, particularly comparing PB with noninvasive methods, is needed to better understand their efficacy and complications in the modern transplant landscape.