24 results on '"Rosner, Bernard"'
Search Results
2. Recreational physical activity and breast cancer risk by menopausal status and tumor hormone receptor status: results from the Nurses’ Health Studies
- Author
-
Fortner, Renée T., Brantley, Kristen D., Tworoger, Shelley S., Tamimi, Rulla M., Rosner, Bernard, Holmes, Michelle D., Willett, Walter C., and Eliassen, A. Heather
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Differences in metabolomic profiles between Black and White women in the U.S.: Analyses from two prospective cohorts
- Author
-
McGee, Emma E., Zeleznik, Oana A., Balasubramanian, Raji, Hu, Jie, Rosner, Bernard A., Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Clish, Clary B., Avila-Pacheco, Julian, Willett, Walter C., Rexrode, Kathryn M., Tamimi, Rulla M., and Eliassen, A. Heather
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Mapping the Ecological Terrain of Stroke Prehospital Delay: A Nationwide Registry Study
- Author
-
Dhand, Amar, Reeves, Mathew J., Mu, Yi, Rosner, Bernard A., Rothfeld-Wehrwein, Zachary R., Nieves, Amber, Dhongade, Vrushali A., Jarman, Molly, Bergmark, Regan W., Semco, Robert S., Ader, Jeremy, Marshall, Brandon D.L., Goedel, William C., Fonarow, Gregg C., Smith, Eric E., Saver, Jeffrey L., Schwamm, Lee H., and Sheth, Kevin N.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. BMI status and weight trajectories across females’ reproductive years and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a prospective cohort study
- Author
-
Arvizu, Mariel, Wang, Siwen, Mitsunami, Makiko, Mínguez-Alarcón, Lidia, Gaskins, Audrey J, Rosner, Bernard, Rich-Edwards, Janet W, and Chavarro, Jorge E
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Mitigation of Effect Modification by Psychological Status in Patients with Hearing Loss
- Author
-
Kim, Minjee, primary, Willard, Elizabeth G., additional, Corrales, C. Eduardo, additional, Prince, Anthony A., additional, Zhou, Allen S., additional, Rosner, Bernard, additional, Edelen, Maria, additional, and Shin, Jennifer J., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Associations of early-life and adult anthropometric measures with the expression of stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in women with benign breast biopsies
- Author
-
Oh, Hannah, primary, Yaghjyan, Lusine, additional, Heng, Yujing J., additional, Rosner, Bernard, additional, Mahoney, Matt B., additional, Murthy, Divya, additional, Baker, Gabrielle M., additional, and Tamimi, Rulla M., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Reproductive Factors Related to Childbearing and a Novel Automated Mammographic Measure, V
- Author
-
Yaghjyan, Lusine, primary, Wang, Zifan, additional, Warner, Erica T., additional, Rosner, Bernard, additional, Heine, John, additional, and Tamimi, Rulla M., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Metformin and other anti‐diabetic medication use and breast cancer incidence in the Nurses' Health Studies.
- Author
-
Wang, Tengteng, Chai, Boyang, Chen, Wendy Y., Holmes, Michelle D., Erdrich, Jennifer, Hu, Frank B., Rosner, Bernard A., Tamimi, Rulla M., Willett, Walter C., Kang, Jae H., and Eliassen, A. Heather
- Subjects
BREAST cancer ,METFORMIN ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,TYPE 2 diabetes ,DRUGS - Abstract
We aimed to examine the association between the use of metformin and other anti‐diabetic medications and breast cancer incidence within two large prospective cohort studies. We followed 185,181 women who participated in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1994–2016) and the NHSII (1995–2017), with baseline corresponding to the date metformin was approved for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment in the US Information on T2D diagnosis, anti‐diabetes medications, and other covariates was self‐reported at baseline and repeatedly assessed by follow‐up questionnaires every 2 years. Breast cancer cases were self‐reported and confirmed by medical record review. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between medication use and breast cancer were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusting for breast cancer risk factors. During 3,324,881 person‐years of follow‐up, we ascertained 9,192 incident invasive breast cancer cases, of which 451 were among women with T2D. Compared with women without T2D (n = 169,263), neither metformin use (HR = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.81–1.15) nor other anti‐diabetic medications use (HR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.90–1.36) associated with significantly lower breast cancer incidence. Among women with T2D (n = 15,918), compared with metformin never users, metformin ever use was not significantly inversely associated with breast cancer (HR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.74–1.15). Although we observed that past use of metformin was inversely associated with breast cancer in the T2D population (HR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.48–0.94), current use (HR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.80–1.27) and longer duration of metformin use were not associated with breast cancer (each 2‐year interval: HR = 1.01; 95% CI = 0.95–1.07). Overall, metformin use was not associated with the risk of developing breast cancer among the overall cohort population or among women with T2D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Associations of Early-Life and Adult Anthropometric Measures with the Expression of Stem Cell Markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in Women with Benign Breast Biopsies.
- Author
-
Hannah Oh, Yaghjyan, Lusine, Heng, Yujing J., Rosner, Bernard, Mahoney, Matt B., Murthy, Divya, Baker, Gabrielle M., and Tamimi, Rulla M.
- Abstract
Background: According to the stem cell hypothesis, breast carcinogenesis may be related to the breast stem cell pool size. However, little is known about associations of breast cancer risk factors, such as anthropometric measures, with the expression of stem cell markers in noncancerous breast tissue. Methods: The analysis included 414 women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease in the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II. Birthweight, weight at age 18, current weight, and current height were reported via self-administered questionnaires. IHC staining of stem cell markers (CD44, CD24, and aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1) in histopathologically normal epithelial and stromal breast tissue was quantified using an automated computational image analysis system. Linear regression was used to examine the associations of early-life and adult anthropometric measures with log-transformed stem cell marker expression, adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Birthweight [=10.0 vs. <5.5 lbs: ß (95% confidence interval) = 4.29 (1.02, 7.56); P trend = 0.001 in the stroma] and adult height [=67.0 vs. <63.0 inch: 0.86 (0.14, 1.58); P trend = 0.02 in the epithelium and stroma combined] were positively associated with CD44 expression. Childhood body fatness was inversely associated (P trend = 0.03) whereas adult height was positively associated with CD24 expression in combined stroma and epithelium (P trend = 0.03). Conclusions: Our data suggest that anthropometric measures, such as birthweight, adult height, and childhood body fatness, may be associated with the stem cell expression among women with benign breast disease. Impact: Anthropometric measures, such as birthweight, height, and childhood body fatness, may have long-term impacts on stem cell population in the breast. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Association of early menarche with breast tumor molecular features and recurrence.
- Author
-
Harris, Alexandra R., Wang, Tengteng, Heng, Yujing J., Baker, Gabrielle M., Le, Phuong Anh, Wang, Jun, Ambrosone, Christine, Brufsky, Adam, Couch, Fergus J., Modugno, Francesmary, Scott, Christopher G., Vachon, Celine M., Hankinson, Susan E., Rosner, Bernard A., Tamimi, Rulla M., Peng, Cheng, and Eliassen, A. Heather
- Subjects
BREAST tumors ,MENARCHE ,BREAST cancer prognosis ,DISEASE risk factors ,PROGRESSION-free survival - Abstract
Background: Early menarche is an established risk factor for breast cancer but its molecular contribution to tumor biology and prognosis remains unclear. Methods: We profiled transcriptome-wide gene expression in breast tumors (N = 846) and tumor-adjacent normal tissues (N = 666) from women in the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS) to investigate whether early menarche (age < 12) is associated with tumor molecular and prognostic features in women with breast cancer. Multivariable linear regression and pathway analyses using competitive gene set enrichment analysis were conducted in both tumor and adjacent-normal tissue and externally validated in TCGA (N = 116). Subgroup analyses stratified on ER-status based on the tumor were also performed. PAM50 signatures were used for tumor molecular subtyping and to generate proliferation and risk of recurrence scores. We created a gene expression score using LASSO regression to capture early menarche based on 28 genes from FDR-significant pathways in breast tumor tissue in NHS and tested its association with 10-year disease-free survival in both NHS (N = 836) and METABRIC (N = 952). Results: Early menarche was significantly associated with 369 individual genes in adjacent-normal tissues implicated in extracellular matrix, cell adhesion, and invasion (FDR ≤ 0.1). Early menarche was associated with upregulation of cancer hallmark pathways (18 significant pathways in tumor, 23 in tumor-adjacent normal, FDR ≤ 0.1) related to proliferation (e.g. Myc, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, cell cycle), oxidative stress (e.g. oxidative phosphorylation, unfolded protein response), and inflammation (e.g. pro-inflammatory cytokines IFN α and IFN γ ). Replication in TCGA confirmed these trends. Early menarche was associated with significantly higher PAM50 proliferation scores (β = 0.082 [0.02–0.14]), odds of aggressive molecular tumor subtypes (basal-like, OR = 1.84 [1.18–2.85] and HER2-enriched, OR = 2.32 [1.46–3.69]), and PAM50 risk of recurrence score (β = 4.81 [1.71–7.92]). Our NHS-derived early menarche gene expression signature was significantly associated with worse 10-year disease-free survival in METABRIC (N = 952, HR = 1.58 [1.10–2.25]). Conclusions: Early menarche is associated with more aggressive molecular tumor characteristics and its gene expression signature within tumors is associated with worse 10-year disease-free survival among women with breast cancer. As the age of onset of menarche continues to decline, understanding its relationship to breast tumor characteristics and prognosis may lead to novel secondary prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Timing and duration of dog walking and dog owner’s chronotype in relation to incident depression risk among middle to older-aged female nurses
- Author
-
Żebrowska, Magdalena, primary, Strohmaier, Susanne, additional, Westgarth, Carri, additional, Huttenhower, Curtis, additional, Eliassen, Heather A., additional, Haghayegh, Shahab, additional, Huang, Tianyi, additional, Laden, Francine, additional, Hart, Jaime, additional, Rosner, Bernard, additional, Kawachi, Ichiro, additional, Chavarro, Jorge E., additional, Okereke, Olivia I., additional, and Schernhammer, Eva S., additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Impact of smoking status on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in cancer survivors
- Author
-
Nolazco, José Ignacio, primary, Rosner, Bernard A., additional, Roebuck, Emily H., additional, Bergerot, Cristiane Decat, additional, Rammant, Elke, additional, Iyer, Geetha S., additional, Tang, Yuzhe, additional, Al-Faouri, Ra’ad, additional, Filipas, Dejan K., additional, Leapman, Michael S., additional, Mossanen, Matthew, additional, and Chang, Steven Lee, additional
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Associations of reproductive breast cancer risk factors with expression of stem cell markers in benign breast tissue.
- Author
-
Yaghjyan, Lusine, Heng, Yujing J., Baker, Gabrielle M., Bret-Mounet, Vanessa C., Murthy, Divya, Mahoney, Matt B., Rosner, Bernard, and Tamimi, Rulla M.
- Subjects
STEM cell factor ,DISEASE risk factors ,BREAST cancer ,BREAST biopsy ,CD44 antigen - Abstract
Background: We investigated the associations of reproductive factors known to influence breast cancer risk with the expression of breast stem cell markers CD44, CD24, and ALDH1A1 in benign breast biopsy samples. Methods: We included 439 cancer-free women with biopsy-confirmed benign breast disease within the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII. The data on reproductive and other breast cancer risk factors were obtained from biennial questionnaires. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on tissue microarrays. For each core, the IHC expression was assessed using a semi-automated platform and expressed as % of cells that stained positive for a specific marker out of the total cell count. Generalized linear regression was used to examine the associations of reproductive factors with a log-transformed expression of each marker (in epithelium and stroma), adjusted for other breast cancer risk factors. Results: In multivariate analysis, the time between menarche and age at first birth was inversely associated with CD44 in epithelium (β per 5 years = -0.38, 95% CI -0.69; -0.06). Age at first birth and the time between menarche and age at first birth were inversely associated with ALDH1A1 (stroma: β per 5 years = -0.43, 95% CI -0.76; -0.10 and β = -0.47, 95% CI -0.79; -0.15, respectively; epithelium: β = -0.15, 95% CI -0.30; -0.01 and β = -0.17, 95% CI -0.30; -0.03, respectively). Time since last pregnancy was inversely associated with stromal ALDH1A1 (β per 5 years = -0.55, 95% CI -0.98; -0.11). No associations were found for CD24. The observed associations were similar in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, lifetime duration of breastfeeding was inversely associated with stromal ALDH1A1 expression (β for ≥24 vs. 0 to <1 months = -2.24, 95% CI 3.96; -0.51, p-trend = 0.01). Conclusion: Early-life reproductive factors may influence CD44 and ALDH1A1 expression in benign breast tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Elevated Blood Pressure and Aldosterone Dysregulation in Young Black Women Versus White Women on Controlled Sodium Diets.
- Author
-
Yuan, Yan Emily, Haas, Andrea V, Rosner, Bernard, Adler, Gail K, and Williams, Gordon H
- Subjects
BLOOD pressure ,ALDOSTERONE regulation ,DIETARY sodium - Abstract
Context Black women have a higher prevalence of hypertension as compared to White women. Differences in dietary sodium intake have been implicated as a contributing factor for the disparities in hypertension. Objective Our objective was to understand whether young Black women would have higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) than White women even on controlled sodium diets and to determine whether SBP differences were due to differences in dietary sodium intake and/or aldosterone regulation. Design The analyses included 525 hypertensive and normotensive women (ages 18-71) from the International Hypertensive Pathotype consortium, who were maintained on liberal sodium (LIB; >200 mEq sodium/day) and restricted sodium (RES; 10 mEq sodium/day) diets. Results Multivariate regression analyses (adjusted for age, race, study site, body mass index) found that Black women (ages 18-50) had significantly higher SBP than White women on both sodium diets: +8.7 ± 2.7 mmHg (P -value =.002) on a LIB diet and +8.5 ± 2.5 mmHg (P -value =.001) on a RES diet. Even among 18- to 35-year-olds—who were normotensive and nonobese—Black women had higher SBP: +7.9 ± 2.4 mmHg (P -value =.001) on a LIB diet and +7.6 ± 2.7 mmHg (P -value =.005) on a RES diet. Younger Black women also had higher plasma aldosterone concentration to plasma renin activity ratio (ARR) on both LIB and RES diets as well as a higher sodium-modulated aldosterone suppression-stimulation index—an indicator of aldosterone dysregulation. In younger Black women—but not in White women—there was a significant association between SBP and ARR on both LIB and RES diets. Conclusion Young Black women had increased SBP and ARR as compared to White women on LIB and RES diets, which offers insights into the possible mechanisms for the increased hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk in an at-risk and understudied population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Validating a model for predicting breast cancer and nonbreast cancer death in women aged 55 years and older.
- Author
-
Wolfson, Emily A, Schonberg, Mara A, Eliassen, A Heather, Bertrand, Kimberly A, Shvetsov, Yurii B, Rosner, Bernard A, Palmer, Julie R, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Chlebowski, Rowan T, Nelson, Rebecca A, and Ngo, Long H
- Subjects
BREAST cancer ,CANCER patients ,BREAST imaging ,ONCOLOGY nursing ,DISEASE risk factors ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,WOMEN'S health - Abstract
Background To support mammography screening decision making, we developed a competing-risk model to estimate 5-year breast cancer risk and 10-year nonbreast cancer death for women aged 55 years and older using Nurses' Health Study data and examined model performance in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS). Here, we examine model performance in predicting 10-year outcomes in the BWHS, Women's Health Initiative-Extension Study (WHI-ES), and Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) and compare model performance to existing breast cancer prediction models. Methods We used competing-risk regression and Royston and Altman methods for validating survival models to calculate our model's calibration and discrimination (C index) in BWHS (n = 17 380), WHI-ES (n = 106 894), and MEC (n = 49 668). The Nurses' Health Study development cohort (n = 48 102) regression coefficients were applied to the validation cohorts. We compared our model's performance with breast cancer risk assessment tool (Gail) and International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) models by computing breast cancer risk estimates and C statistics. Results When predicting 10-year breast cancer risk, our model's C index was 0.569 in BWHS, 0.572 in WHI-ES, and 0.576 in MEC. The Gail model's C statistic was 0.554 in BWHS, 0.564 in WHI-ES, and 0.551 in MEC; IBIS's C statistic was 0.547 in BWHS, 0.552 in WHI-ES, and 0.562 in MEC. The Gail model underpredicted breast cancer risk in WHI-ES; IBIS underpredicted breast cancer risk in WHI-ES and in MEC but overpredicted breast cancer risk in BWHS. Our model calibrated well. Our model's C index for predicting 10-year nonbreast cancer death was 0.760 in WHI-ES and 0.763 in MEC. Conclusions Our competing-risk model performs as well as existing breast cancer prediction models in diverse cohorts and predicts nonbreast cancer death. We are developing a website to disseminate our model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Validity and Reproducibility of a Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Measuring Intakes of Foods and Food Groups.
- Author
-
Gu, Xiao, Wang, Dong D, Sampson, Laura, Barnett, Junaidah B, Rimm, Eric B, Stampfer, Meir J, Djousse, Luc, Rosner, Bernard, and Willett, Walter C
- Subjects
STATISTICS ,RESEARCH evaluation ,FOOD consumption ,FOOD diaries ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INTRACLASS correlation ,FOOD chemistry ,DATA analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method ,EVALUATION - Abstract
We evaluated the validity and reproducibility of a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for measuring intakes of 149 foods and 25 food groups among 736 participants of the Women's Lifestyle Validation Study (WLVS, 2010–2012) and 649 participants of the Men's Lifestyle Validation Study (MLVS, 2011–2013). Validity of the FFQ compared with two 7-day dietary records measured 6 months apart and the reproducibility between 2 FFQs administered 1 year apart (FFQ1 and FFQ2) were assessed using Spearman correlations and intraclass correlation coefficients. The average 1-year reproducibility of FFQ-measured foods was 0.64 in both the WLVS and MLVS. Reproducibility of the food groups (mean = 0.71 among women and 0.72 among men) was generally higher than that for individual foods. Among women, the average validity correlation for individual foods was 0.59 when comparing FFQ2 with the 7-day dietary records. Among men, the corresponding average validity correlation was 0.61. Compared with individual foods, food groups had slightly higher validity correlations in both women (range, 0.45–0.92; mean = 0.61) and men (range, 0.46–0.88; mean = 0.65). This study reaffirms that the FFQ performs well in measuring most foods and food groups and provides data to adjust for measurement errors in epidemiologic studies of foods and food groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Mo1952 INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN RESPONSE TO A WEIGHT-LOSS DIETARY INTERVENTION: ANALYSIS OF THE POUNDS LOST TRIAL
- Author
-
Guo, Qi, Bever, Alaina M., Fang, Zhe, Lu, Yujia, Rosner, Bernard, Bray, George, Sacks, Frank, and Song, Mingyang
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Pet Attachment and Anxiety and Depression in Middle-Aged and Older Women.
- Author
-
Żebrowska, Magdalena, Strohmaier, Susanne, Huttenhower, Curtis, Eliassen, A. Heather, Zeleznik, Oana A., Westgarth, Carri, Huang, Tianyi, Laden, Francine, Hart, Jaime E., Rosner, Bernard, Kawachi, Ichiro, Chavarro, Jorge E., Okereke, Olivia I., and Schernhammer, Eva S.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Tutorial on Biostatistics: Sample Size and Power Calculation for Ophthalmic Studies With Correlated Binary Eye Outcomes.
- Author
-
Ying GS, Glynn RJ, and Rosner B
- Subjects
- Humans, Sample Size, Research Design, Eye Diseases diagnosis, Ophthalmology, Biostatistics methods
- Abstract
Purpose: To describe and demonstrate sample size and power calculation for ophthalmic studies with a binary outcome from one or both eyes., Methods: We describe sample size and power calculation for four commonly used eye designs: (1) one-eye design or person-design: one eye per subject or outcome is at person-level; (2) paired design: two eyes per subject and two eyes are in different treatment groups; (3) two-eye design: two eyes per subject and both eyes are in the same treatment group; and (4) mixture design: mixture of one eye and two eyes per subject. For each design, we demonstrate sample size and power calculations in real ophthalmic studies., Results: Using formulas and commercial or free statistical packages including SAS, STATA, R, and PS, we calculated sample size and power. We demonstrated that different statistical packages require different parameters and provide similar, yet not identical, results. We emphasize that studies using data from two eyes of a subject need to account for the intereye correlation for appropriate sample size and power calculations. We demonstrate the gain in efficiency in designs that include two eyes of a subject compared to one-eye designs., Conclusions: Ophthalmic studies use different eye designs that include one or both eyes in the same or different treatment groups. Appropriate sample size and power calculations depend on the eye design and should account for intereye correlation when two eyes from some or all subjects are included in a study. Calculations can be executed using formulas and commercial or free statistical packages.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Mitigation of Effect Modification by Psychological Status in Patients With Hearing Loss.
- Author
-
Kim M, Willard EG, Corrales CE, Prince AA, Zhou AS, Rosner B, Edelen M, and Shin JJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Aged, Audiometry, Pure-Tone, Adult, Patient Reported Outcome Measures, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Audiometry, Mental Health, Hearing Loss psychology
- Abstract
Importance: Although patient-reported outcomes provide valuable insights, these subjective data may not align with objective test results. Hearing loss is a pervasive problem, such that concordance between subjective perceptions of hearing ability and objective audiogram assessments would be beneficial., Objectives: To determine (1) whether psychological status is an effect modifier of the association between subjective patient reports of hearing ability and objective audiometry results, and (2) whether any effect modification observed in standard static questionnaires would be either mitigated or exacerbated by adaptive testing based on Item Response Theory analyses., Design, Setting, and Participants: This diagnostic study at a tertiary care center and community-based practice included consecutive adults who presented with queries related to hearing loss. Participants were recruited and enrolled and data analyses occurred from 2022 to 2024., Exposures: Participants prospectively reported their hearing-specific abilities through either a standard static or adaptive version of the Inner Effectiveness of Auditory Rehabilitation (EAR) scale, alongside validated measures of their mental health and audiometry. Word recognition scores (WRS) and pure tone averages (PTA) were used to analyze audiometric testing., Main Outcomes and Measures: The association between subjective Inner EAR results and audiometry was evaluated. Stratified analyses were used to assess for effect modification by psychological status. The results of standard static and adaptive testing were compared., Results: In this study of 395 patients (mean [range] age, 55.9 [18-89] years; 210 [53.2%] female), standard static Inner EAR mean scores were appropriately higher in patients with higher (better) WRS (50.7, 95% CI, 46.4-54.9), compared with patients with lower (worse) WRS (34.7, 95% CI, 24.3-45.1). However, among patients with worse mental health, there was no association between standard static Inner EAR scores and WRS. In contrast, adaptive Inner EAR mean scores were significantly higher for those with better WRS, regardless of mental health status. Thus, effect modification was observed in standard static assessments, whereas adaptive testing remained durably associated with audiometry, regardless of mental health., Conclusions and Relevance: Psychological status was an effect modifier of the association between standard Inner EAR scale scores and audiometry, with a positive association observed only in those with better mental health. Adaptive testing scores, however, remained significantly associated with audiometry, even when mental status was worse. Adaptive testing may stabilize the association between subjective and objective hearing outcomes.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. A Multi-Omics Approach to Defining Target Organ Injury in Youth with Primary Hypertension.
- Author
-
Ananthamohan K, Brady TM, Arif M, Daniels S, Falkner B, Ferguson M, Flynn JT, Hanevold C, Hooper SR, Ingelfinger J, Lande M, Martin LJ, Meyers KE, Mitsnefes M, Rosner B, Samuels JA, Kuffel G, Zilliox MJ, Becker RC, Urbina EM, and Sadayappan S
- Abstract
Background: Primary hypertension in childhood tracks into adulthood and may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Studies conducted in children and adolescents provide an opportunity to explore the early cardiovascular target organ injury (CV-TOI) in a population free from many of the comorbid cardiovascular disease risk factors that confound studies in adults., Methods: Youths (n=132, mean age 15.8 years) were stratified by blood pressure (BP) as low, elevated, and high-BP and by left ventricular mass index (LVMI) as low- and high-LVMI. Systemic circulating RNA, miRNA, and methylation profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and deep proteome profiles in serum were determined using high-throughput sequencing techniques., Results: VASH1 gene expression was elevated in youths with high-BP with and without high-LVMI. VASH1 expression levels positively correlated with systolic BP (r=0.3143, p=0.0034). The expression of hsa-miR-335-5p, one of the VASH1- predicted miRNAs, was downregulated in high-BP with high-LVMI youths and was inversely correlated with systolic BP (r=-0.1891, p=0.0489). GSE1 hypermethylation, circulating PROZ upregulation (log
2 FC=0.61, p=0.0049 and log2 FC=0.62, p=0.0064), and SOD3 downregulation (log2 FC=-0.70, p=0.0042 and log2 FC=-0.64, p=0.010) were observed in youths with elevated BP and high-BP with high-LVMI. Comparing the transcriptomic and proteomic profiles revealed elevated HYAL1 levels in youths displaying high-BP and high-LVMI., Conclusions: The findings are compatible with a novel blood pressure-associated mechanism that may occur through impaired angiogenesis and extracellular matrix degradation through dysregulation of Vasohibin-1 and Hyaluronidase1 was identified as a possible mediator of CV-TOI in youth with high-BP and suggests strategies for ameliorating TOI in adult-onset primary hypertension., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest Dr. Sadayappan provides consulting and collaborative research studies to the Leducq Foundation (CURE-PLAN), Red Saree Inc., Alexion, Affinia Therapeutics Inc., and Cosmogene Skincare Private Limited, but such work is unrelated to the content of this article.- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Antepartum Intimate Partner Violence: Development of a Risk Prediction Model.
- Author
-
Prakash J, Fay K, Gujrathi R, Rosner B, Nour N, and Khurana B
- Abstract
Objectives: To explore socio-behavioral, clinical, and imaging findings associated with antepartum intimate partner violence (IPV) and aid in risk stratification of at-risk individuals. Methods: We analyzed electronic medical records during indexed pregnancies for 108 pregnant patients who self-reported antepartum IPV (cases) and 106 age-matched pregnant patients who did not self-report antepartum IPV (controls). Sociodemographic, clinical, and radiology data were analyzed via chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests with p < 0.05 as the threshold for significance. Stepwise logistic regression was applied to derive a risk prediction model. Results: The proportion of cases reporting emotional IPV (76% vs. 52%) and/or physical IPV (45% vs. 31%) during pregnancy significantly increased from prior to pregnancy. Cases were significantly more likely to report prepregnancy substance use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.60; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-5.98), sexually transmitted infections (OR = 3.48; 95%CI: 1.64-7.37), abortion (OR = 3.17; 95%CI: 1.79, 5.59), and preterm birth (OR = 5.97; 95%CI: 1.69-21.15). During pregnancy, cases were more likely to report unstable housing (OR = 5.26; 95%CI: 2.67-10.36), multigravidity (OR = 2.83; 95%CI: 1.44-5.58), multiparity (OR = 3.75; 95%CI: 1.72-8.20), anxiety (OR = 3.35; 95%CI: 1.85-6.08), depression (OR = 5.58; 95%CI: 3.07-10.16), substance use (OR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.28-6.65), urinary tract infection (UTI) (OR = 3.26; 95%CI: 1.14-9.32), intrauterine growth restriction (OR = 10.71; 95%CI: 1.35-85.25), and cesarean delivery (OR = 2.25; 95%CI: 1.26-4.02). Cases had significantly more OBGYN abnormalities on imaging and canceled more radiological studies (OR = 5.31). Logistic regression found housing status, sexually transmitted infection history, preterm delivery history, abortion history, depression, and antepartum UTI predictive of antepartum IPV. The risk prediction model achieved good calibration with an area under the curve of 0.79. Conclusions: This study identifies significant disparities among patients experiencing antepartum IPV, and our proposed risk prediction model can inform risk assessment in this setting.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Validating a model for predicting breast cancer and nonbreast cancer death in women aged 55 years and older.
- Author
-
Wolfson EA, Schonberg MA, Eliassen AH, Bertrand KA, Shvetsov YB, Rosner BA, Palmer JR, LaCroix AZ, Chlebowski RT, Nelson RA, and Ngo LH
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment methods, Women's Health, Mammography, Breast Neoplasms diagnosis
- Abstract
Background: To support mammography screening decision making, we developed a competing-risk model to estimate 5-year breast cancer risk and 10-year nonbreast cancer death for women aged 55 years and older using Nurses' Health Study data and examined model performance in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS). Here, we examine model performance in predicting 10-year outcomes in the BWHS, Women's Health Initiative-Extension Study (WHI-ES), and Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) and compare model performance to existing breast cancer prediction models., Methods: We used competing-risk regression and Royston and Altman methods for validating survival models to calculate our model's calibration and discrimination (C index) in BWHS (n = 17 380), WHI-ES (n = 106 894), and MEC (n = 49 668). The Nurses' Health Study development cohort (n = 48 102) regression coefficients were applied to the validation cohorts. We compared our model's performance with breast cancer risk assessment tool (Gail) and International Breast Cancer Intervention Study (IBIS) models by computing breast cancer risk estimates and C statistics., Results: When predicting 10-year breast cancer risk, our model's C index was 0.569 in BWHS, 0.572 in WHI-ES, and 0.576 in MEC. The Gail model's C statistic was 0.554 in BWHS, 0.564 in WHI-ES, and 0.551 in MEC; IBIS's C statistic was 0.547 in BWHS, 0.552 in WHI-ES, and 0.562 in MEC. The Gail model underpredicted breast cancer risk in WHI-ES; IBIS underpredicted breast cancer risk in WHI-ES and in MEC but overpredicted breast cancer risk in BWHS. Our model calibrated well. Our model's C index for predicting 10-year nonbreast cancer death was 0.760 in WHI-ES and 0.763 in MEC., Conclusions: Our competing-risk model performs as well as existing breast cancer prediction models in diverse cohorts and predicts nonbreast cancer death. We are developing a website to disseminate our model., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.