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Lycorma delicatula White (Hemiptera: Fulgoridae), spotted lanternfly, is a univoltine, phloem-feeding, polyphagous and invasive insect in the United States. Although a primary host for this species is Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle, tree of heaven, L. delicatula also feeds on many other plant species, including cultivated grapevines. As this species continues to spread, it is important to develop effective management tools. Here, we evaluated the residual efficacy of 4 insecticides commonly used in tree fruit management programs: dinotefuran, bifenthrin, carbaryl, and thiamethoxam. First, all mobile life stages (early instars, late instars, and adults) of L. delicatula were exposed for 1 h to dry insecticide residues (18 h old) applied to glass or A. altissima bark surfaces. While some mortality was detected immediately following the 1 h exposure period, 100% mortality occurred within 24 h for all materials and life stages exposed on both glass and bark surfaces. To evaluate longer residual activity of these materials, groups of adult L. delicatula were introduced into cages containing A. altissima trees treated with the same individual insecticides and exposed 6 h to residues that were 18 h or 7 days old. Paired, untreated A. altissima served as controls. In these bioassays, 48 h mortality for 18 h old residue reached 95% for thiamethoxam and 100% for bifenthrin and dinotefuran. Seven-day-old bifenthrin and dinotefuran residues again yielded 100% mortality, while thiamethoxam resulted in 58% mortality, and carbaryl yielded only 13.3% and was not significantly different from the control. These results clearly document the efficacy of specific insecticide applications as management tools against L. delicatula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of four plant extracts, i.e., cassia (Acacia farnesiana Willd), arbor-vitae (Platychladus [Thuja] orientalis Endl, mahogany [Swietenia mahogany (Linn.) Jaq], and pancratier-lily (Pancratium maritimum L.), as protectants against the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus). Results obtained showed that at a concentration of 5 g crude extract/kg seed, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of egg hatching. The cassia and arbor-vitae extracts from leaves or seeds appear to reduce egg hatching (0.5 and 30.0%) and (4.0 and 26.0%), respectively. Complete inhibition in adult emergence was found by the ethanolic extract of cassia seeds. The extracts obtained from cassia mahogany leaves also showed strong ovicidal activity. The egg hatching percentage significantly decreased during the 8-month storage of cowpea treated with ethanol extract of cassia and arbor-vitae seeds with values of (52-53%) and (51-58%), respectively. The results also demonstrated that surface treatment of cowpea seeds with most selected extracts did not affect the germinative potential of cowpea seeds compared with the control extract the ethanol extract of cassia and arbor-vitae leaves which had 80 and 75% germination, respectively compared to the control 95%. Water absorption did not also differ significantly between all treatment and control samples. In conclusion, current study investigated that tested plant extracts can be used as cowpea seeds protectants and can be used in IPM program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dimpropyridaz is a novel insecticide active ingredient (a.i.) for the control of piercing and sucking pests. The discovery of dimpropyridaz included the synthesis of thousands of compound analogs which were investigated for their potential efficacy and registrability. Dimpropyridaz is the sole representative of the pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide class, Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) Group 36. The novel mode of action is characterized by disrupting the function of an insect's chordotonal organs in a way that is distinctly different from IRAC Groups 9 and 29. Dimpropyridaz demonstrates translaminar and systemic effects as well as high selectivity, providing both application flexibility and, when applied according to the label, beneficial organism, and environmental compatibility. Dimpropyridaz, powered formulations will be available in select markets, covering a broad range of vegetable, fruit, row crop, and ornamental production segments. Dimpropyridaz also has commercial registered name: Axalion Active. This review will focus on a broad outline of the chemical preparation, regulatory overview, and select biological performance and represents a summary of the information shared during the invited lecture at the 15th IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) International Congress of Crop Protection Chemistry held in New Delhi, India in March 2023. © 2024 BASF. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry., (© 2024 BASF. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.)

Background: Transarterial radio-embolization (TARE) became a routine procedure for non-resectable liver tumor mainly hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Personalized dosimetry to the index lesion increased tumor response rate. However, there is no requirement to measure the precise activity injected during TARE. We measured 90 Y-glass microspheres residue ( 90 Y-Res) in the application system after TARE and assessed its potential impact on the tumor absorbed dose (AD) previously planned with 99m Tc MAA SPECT/CT., Methods: We measured 90 Y-Res using PET/CT in all patients that underwent TARE using 90 Y-glass-microspheres for non-resectable liver tumors over one year., Results: 90 Y-Res was measured in 34 patients (HCC n = 22) with 61 injections, 93.1 ± 94.6 MBq [2-437] that was 4.8 ± 3.5% [0.2-13.7] in comparison to the activity measured in the sealed TheraSphere™ vial (ρ = 0.697; p < 0.001)., Conclusion: We reported an average of 5% 90 Y-Res using PET/CT after TARE with the strongest association to the activity in the TheraSphere™ vial. Therefore, when a high 90 Y-Res is suspected on the survey meter, a 90 Y-PET/CT scan of 90 Y-Res might be useful as a first step to estimate if the target lesion received the recommended AD, especially in HCC patients with borderline tumor dosimetry on the pre-treatment 99m Tc-MAA SPECT/CT., (© 2024. The Author(s).)