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The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on human health and has led to social isolation and health implications. In order to optimize public health, it is important to understand the role of social and behavioral sciences, including dietary patterns and lifestyle changes. This study aimed to identify the effect of lockdown on dietary patterns and its association with Body Mass Index (BMI) and lifestyle changes in the older Indian population (aged 60 and above).The study was conducted using an online web-based Google form and 674 participants took part over a one-month period. The k-means algorithm was used to identify non-overlapping dietary patterns and logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with changes in dietary patterns. Three dietary patterns were identified: pro-healthy, constant, and unhealthy.During the study, 33.1% of the participants decreased their physical activity while 61.6% increased their screen usage. 26.7% consumed a pro-healthy dietary pattern, while 61.9% consumed an unhealthy dietary pattern. Women reported lower consumption of the pro-healthy pattern (23.8%) and higher consumption of the unhealthy dietary pattern (64.5%) compared to men (30.6% and 58.3%, respectively). Adherence to the pro-healthy dietary pattern was positively associated with age. Participants with a lower BMI were less likely to consume a pro-healthy dietary pattern [AOR: 0.02; CI: 0.01, 0.2]. Those who increased their physical activity were more likely to follow the pro-healthy dietary pattern [AOR: 6.49; CI: 0.76, 55.76]. Those who had less sleep [AOR: 10.22; CI: 1.97, 52.92] and more screen time [AOR: 7.61; CI: 3.28, 17.62] had a higher risk of following an unhealthy dietary pattern.The lockdown had a significant impact on dietary patterns and was associated with unhealthy lifestyle outcomes among older Indian adults. From a public health perspective, promoting awareness of healthy dietary patterns and promoting healthy lifestyles through educational programs is a priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractBackgroundMethodsResultsConclusionCTRI Registration number\nSUMMARYWHO and other health agencies recommend that tetanus toxoid (TT) should be replaced by tetanus-diphtheria (Td) vaccine taking into consideration the low coverage and waning immunity, especially for diphtheria. In this randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority study, the immunogenicity and safety of TeddyVac™ vaccine of Human Biologicals Institute were compared with an existing brand.The study involved 444 eligible subjects in two age groups at four centres across India. Group A included subjects of 18–60 years and Group B subjects of 10–18 years of age. All subjects received single dose of either TeddyVac™ or the comparator vaccine as per randomisation. Blood samples for antibody titre estimation were collected before vaccination and 4–6 weeks after vaccination. Immunogenicity was assessed by estimating seroconversion rate, seroprotection rate, and geometric mean titres of antibodies. Safety was evaluated by collection and analysis of data on solicited and unsolicited adverse events.Overall, 441 subjects completed the study. Both the vaccine arms showed comparable seroconversion after a single dose for both the components. Both arms showed increase in seroprotection and geometric mean titres after a single dose of vaccination for both vaccine components, being significantly better for the diphtheria component in the test vaccine arm. Only few minor local and systemic adverse events were observed in both the vaccine arms. No serious adverse event was reported.The study results indicate that the TeddyVac™ vaccine is immunogenic, safe and non-inferior to the comparator Vaccine when administered to healthy subjects of 10 to 60 years of age.CTRI/2021/07/035112In a randomised, multicentre study, TeddyVac™ vaccine of Human Biologicals Institute was found to be immunogenic, safe and non-inferior to an existing commercial brand when administered to healthy subjects of 10 to 60 years of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]