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This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of gamma irradiation process (5 kGy) on the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activity and curcumin content of turmeric powder. Also, this study was aimed to investigate the influences of aqueous extract gamma-irradiated turmeric on doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardio-nephrotoxicity in male rats. The result indicates that the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and curcumin content of turmeric powder were significantly increased by γ-irradiation. The results of biological study revealed that inoculation of DOX (3 mg/kg b.w./week/6 weeks) to rats induced cardiac and renal dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress with significant reduction of cardiac and renal antioxidant parameters compared to control group. Co-administration of DOX with either raw (RTAE) or γ-irradiated turmeric aqueous extract (GTAE) (100 mg/kg b.w/day/6 weeks) significantly reduced side effects of DOX which evidenced by significant reduction in the oxidative parameter (malondialdehyde), cardiac markers, kidney function and inflammatory factors (TNF-a and IL-6) associated with elevation in the antioxidant parameters (glutathione content, superoxide dismutase and catalase) in kidney and heart tissues compared to DOX-group. So, the results concluded that gamma irradiation (5 kGy) can be effective in increasing the in vivo and in vitro antioxidant potential as well as enhancing the medicinal value of turmeric against tissues damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted for two purposes, the first is to study the effect of gamma irradiation at different doses (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 kGy) on the fungal growth, total phenolics, antioxidant activity, oil contents and fatty acid composition of sesame seeds (Sesamum indicum). The second objective is to investigate the in vitro inhibitory effect of aqueous extract of gamma-irradiated sesame seeds (Irr. SSAE) on a-amylase and a-glucosidase and in vivo hypoglycaemic effect in alloxan-diabetic rats. The results observed that gamma-irradiation of sesame seeds at different doses induced significant increase in the total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity, significant decrease in the free fatty acids, fungal growth and colony formation and no significant change in the oil contents and fatty acid composition compared to raw seeds. Also, the inhibitory activity on a-amylase and a-glucosidase of Irr. SSAE (2 kGy) is significantly higher than that of RSSAE. The results revealed that treatment of alloxan-diabetic rats with Irr.SSAE (200 mg/Kg B.WT/8 weeks) significantly reduced hyperglycaemia, the activities of liver enzymes, level of lipid profile contents, malondialdehyde (MDA) and level of inflammatory factors (TNF-a and IL-6) associated with noticeable attenuation of alloxan-induced hypoinsulinaemia and significantly increased level of HDL-C with an enhancement in hepatic total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and level of glutathione content (GSH) relative to the diabetic rats. In conclusion, gamma radiation could be an effective treatment for decontaminating and extending the shelf-life of sesame seeds without destroying its bioactive compounds. In addition, Irr.SSAE is a potent inhibitor of a-amylase and a-glucosidase and has beneficial effects in the treatment of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]