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Objective: To investigate the relationship between the FOXE1 gene polyalanine tract length and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) in the Greek population., Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood was collected from 28 women with POI and 29 healthy controls. DNA was extracted and the gene was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The PCR product was sequenced and the number of alanine tracts and the genotypes was recorded. Statistical analysis examined differences in allele and genotype frequencies between the groups., Results: The patients' group mean age was 31.68 years with a mean age of POI diagnosis of 25.18 years. Five alleles (8, 12, 14, 16, 17 comprising alanine residues) and seven genotypes (14/14, 14/16, 16/16, 14/17, 16/17, 8/16, 12/14) were identified. The 8-alanine allele was exclusive to patients, while the 12-alanine allele appeared only in controls. The most common genotype in the study group was 14/16 (64.29%), whereas the most common genotype in the control group was 14/14 (41.4%). No differences of statistical significance were observed in the prevalences of the allele with 14 (p=0.590) and 16 (p=0.594) residues or the genotype prevalences between the two groups (p=0.066)., Conclusion: Our preliminary findings suggest no correlation between FOXE1 polyalanine tract length and POI, but given the study's small sample size, they should be interpreted with caution. Further research is deemed necessary., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors., (Copyright© 2025 The Author. Published by Galenos Publishing House on behalf of Turkish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology.)

Introduction: Didelphic and septate uterus are congenital uterine anomalies caused by the failure of fusion of the Mullerian ducts or resorption of the median septum post-fusion respectively. These can occasionally be associated with a longitudinal vaginal septum. The combination with a transverse vaginal septum is rare, leads to menstrual obstruction, and presents with severe abdominal pain in early adolescence., Cases: We present the cases of two 12-year-old girls, presenting with a uterine anomaly and concomitant longitudinal vaginal septum and haematocolpos due to the presence of a transverse vaginal septum., Discussion/conclusion: Congenital uterine anomalies can coexist with a longitudinal septum and rarely with a transverse vaginal septum causing obstruction. Early diagnosis and surgical correction of transverse vaginal septum are decisive for the relief of symptoms and the prevention of future complications. Physicians should always consider the presence of complex congenital anomalies in cases of menstrual obstruction. The coexistence of uterine and vaginal anomalies in this study are not adequately described by the existing classification systems, underlining the need for a more inclusive classification system., Categories: Obstetrics & Gynecology, Pediatrics, Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2025. Published by Elsevier Inc.)