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ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of orthognathic surgery on quality of life among Swedish patients. Materials and Methods Patients subjected to orthognathic surgery due to dentofacial deformity (DFD) and registered in the National Register of Orthognathic Surgery (NROK) in Sweden between 2017 and 2020 were eligible for inclusion in this study. The Swedish‐validated Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (S‐OQLQ) was used to evaluate patient quality of life before and after surgery. The S‐OQLQ measured each patient's subjective experience regarding social aspects. Results Eighty‐four participants were included in this cohort study, including 45 men (mean age 24.7 years), 48 women (mean age 23.4 years), and eight patients who stated no gender. Women generally graded several aspects of the S‐OQLQ higher than men, including facial aesthetics p = 0.029), oral function (p

Summary: Understanding microbes in nature requires consideration of their microenvironment. Here, we present a protocol for quantifying biomass and nutrient degradation of bacterial and fungal cultures (Pseudomonas putida and Coprinopsis cinerea, respectively) in microfluidics. We describe steps for mask design and fabrication, master printing, polydimethylsiloxane chip fabrication, and chip inoculation and imaging using fluorescence microscopy. We include procedures for image analysis, plotting, and statistics.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Arellano-Caicedo et al. (2023).1 : Publisher’s note: Undertaking any experimental protocol requires adherence to local institutional guidelines for laboratory safety and ethics.